blinking, suckling is an example of what reflex arc

reflexes you learn…bicycling, swimming, jumping ropes.

bicycling, swimming, jumping ropes are examples of what type of reflex arc

involves spinal cord as the integration center…simpler

involves brain as the integration center…more complex.

does not involve interneuron…one synapse…

sensory -->motor.

has one or more interneurons…2 or more synapses.

results in contraction of skeletal muscle…voluntary effector.

results in contraction of smooth/cardiac muscle or secretion of a gland…involuntary effectors.

sensory and motor impulses remain on the same of the body.

sensory impulses enter on one side --> interneuron crosses over through gray commissure --> motor impulses exit from opposite side.

sensory neurons enter at certain level/segment of the spinal cord -->interneurons take to another level/segment--> motor neurons exit at different level.

In the Patellar reflex what muscle contracts

In the Achilles reflex what muscle contracts

damage to the spinal cord --> loss of muscle control --> paralysis.

inflammation of the nerves.

Due to injuries, bone fracture, drugs, etc. Painful and affects muscle contraction.

type of neuritis.

Compression of sciatic nerve against coxal bone or hip injury à injury to sciatic nerve à numbness of the lower extremity or severe pain radiating from the lower back to the leg.

where chicken pox virus, hiding in the peripheral nerves --> becomes re-activated when immune system in compromised --> starts multiplying --> spreads along the peripheral nerve à form painful blisters along the nerve pathway.

where both the lower extremities are paralyzed.

where all four limbs are paralyzed.

caused by poliovirus --> attacks somatic motor neurons

-->paralysis of a

virus infection transmitted by animal bites (dogs, bats) --> infection spreads through the nerves --> to CNS --> seizures, coma, death.

The inferior tip of the spinal cord is the ___________ part.

The subdural space is the region between the arachnoid mater and the dura mater.

These nuclei are located in the lateral horns and innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands.

Motor pathways are also called ascending pathways.

The cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the

The nerves projecting inferiorly from the spinal cord are collectively called the

What is the correct order for the events that occur during a reflex?

a: Impulse travels through sensory neuron to the CNS

b: A stimulus activates a receptor

c: Information is processed by interneurons

d: Motor neuron transmits impulse to effector

e: Effector responds

A monosynaptic response is one that does not involve an interneuron.