What is the percentage surface area of a child's head?

In which of the following situations would it be appropriate to implement the Parkland formula?

A 100 kg patient is being admitted after suffering 3rd degree burns to multiple areas of his body in a car fire. You estimate that has burns over 60% of his body surface area. How much fluid are you going to give him in the first 8 hours after admission?

A 21 year old 100 kg patient is being admitted after suffering 3rd degree burns to multiple areas of his body in a car fire. You estimate that has burns over 60% of his body surface area. You have started fluid resuscitation using the Parkland formula for guidance. How do you know patient is adequately resuscitated?

A 35-year-old male suffers a burn injury to his right upper extremity, with areas appearing pale and mottled, non-blanching, though still sensate. What is the type of burn injury described?

A 25-year-old man sustained a chemical burn from hydrofluoric acid to his right upper extremity and right flank in an industrial accident. In the emergency department, his wounds are copiously irrigated with normal saline, and he is admitted to the floor for continued resuscitation and monitoring. Two hours later, he develops a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and ACLS is initiated. Which of the following interventions could have likely prevented this complication?

A 33-year-old man sustains a 30% TBSA flame burn to the entire right upper extremity, right torso, right flank, and right anterolateral thigh in a housefire. At operation, after excision of the proximal right upper extremity, the burned skin over the right hand and distal forearm is found to be erythematous, moist, and blanching. There are several denuded blisters with grey edges. What is the correct course of action?

A 21-year-old electrician’s apprentice sustains a 3000 volt burn injury to his left lower extremity after stepping on a live wire with his non-insulated boot. In the trauma bay, 45-minutes after injury, the distal left lower extremity above the ankle is found to be exquisitely tender and pale. Motor and sensory function of the toes is reduced. The dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses are faintly palpable. There is a 3 cm area of leathery white skin overlying the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint. What is the next best step in the management of this patient?

A patient comes into the ED with evidence of frostbite on his fingertips. The patient’s vitals are stable, and his chief complaint is lack of sensation in the tips on the fingers. The fingers are very purple and edematous but there are no blisters. Which of the following is the next step in the treatment of this man’s frostbite?

A 16-year-old boy is removed from an apartment where a kitchen fire set off alarms and two people died. He extricated himself minutes after the alarms started. He is brought to the ED with soot on his face, chest, and hands. He has no visible burns after a primary survey and has a GCS of 15 with no complaints. Oxygen saturation is100% with supplemental O2 at 2L/Min via nasal cannula. There is no stridor. What is the next best step to determine the need for intubation?

A 100 kg patient is being admitted after suffering 3rd degree burns to multiple areas of his body in a car fire. You estimate that has burns over 60% of his body surface area. Around how much protein will he require day in his diet?

A 100 kg patient is being admitted after suffering 3rd degree burns to multiple areas of his body in a car fire. You estimate that has burns over 60% of his body surface area. After a week of local wound care you start to notice that he is becoming hyponatremic. What is your next course of action?

A 28-year-old woman sustained a small but deep burn to her left cheek and jaw after her electronic cigarette exploded. A 3x3 cm full-thickness sheet graft from the skin above her right collarbone is placed on the wound with meticulous debridement and grafting. On postoperative day three, the grafted wound is fluctuant and has questionable viability in the center. There is no surrounding erythema or purulence. Which of the following may have prevented this complication?

A 100 kg patient is being admitted after suffering 3rd degree burns to multiple areas of his body in a car fire. You estimate that has burns over 60% of his body surface area. After a week of local wound care you start to notice that he is becoming neutropenic. What is your next course of action?

It is Christmas morning and you are on call in the ED in Denver Colorado. At 10 AM a local homeless man you know as Frank comes in complaining of pain in his fingers. He has been out all night looking for Santa without gloves. On your exam you are concerned he is suffering from frost bite. Which of the following is not part of the initial treatment algorithm?

A 100 kg patient presents to the ED after suffering 3rd degree burns to multiple areas of his body in a car fire. You perform an initial exam and he is found to have vital signs within normal limits, no increased work of breathing or stridor but is noted to have singed nose hairs on exam. You get an ABG for further evaluation. Which of the following abg's would lead you to intubate the patient?