A writer or speaker says one thing but really means something completely different; some types are sarcasm, overstatement, understatement

When the audience or reader knows something important that a character in a play or story does not know; the use of this creates suspense

When there is a contrast between what would seem appropriate and what really happens or when there is a contradiction between what we expect to happen and what really does take place

Contrast between what a person or character would like to happen and what “higher powers” have planned; the idea that fate, destiny, or the gods control and toy with human hopes and expectations

multiple meanings; an element of uncertainty in a text, in which something can be interpreted in a number of different ways

A person, place, thing, or event that stands both for itself (literal/concrete meaning) and for something beyond itself (figurative/abstract meaning); often visual, reappear throughout a text, and are associated with figurative language

A well-known symbol that has been handed down over time; public symbols; universal symbols

Taking a new object, character, or event and making it the embodiment of some human concern by attaching meaning to it

A symbolic type of story; a very brief story in prose or verse that use animals to teach a moral

A short, allegorical story that teaches a moral or religious lesson about life; a symbolic type of story

In general, a symbolic story in which the characters, setting and events stand for abstract or moral concepts; can be based on a historical event; story within a story

A reference to a statement, person, place, event or thing that is known from literature, history, religion, mythology, politics, sports, science, or popular culture

A statement that reveals a central idea, insight, or observation about life from a text; can be stated more than one way

the writer does not explicitly state the this, the reader must be able to figure it out and state it by using textual evidence for support

Ability to understand things as they really are; writers provide awareness of life through storytelling

an explicitly stated lesson about right and wrong usually found in very short stories for children

These questions help readers figure out, what? How is the title significant? How do the characters change? How is the conflict resolved? What are the general realizations about life?

in a story people, animals, or objects that show how real humans behave

a writer tells the reader directly what a character is like or what the character’s motives are

the writer shows the character and allows the reader to decide; the reader makes inferences based on observations of character clues

Speech, appearance, actions, private thoughts, and effect are all clues to?

the driving force of a character’s actions

the main character that experiences conflict

the character or force that the protagonist must overcome to resolve the conflict

a minor character who adds depth and complication to the plot; supporting cast

a character quickly recognized and accepted by the reader who needs no development (stereotype)

describes a character who changes throughout the story

describes a character who remains the same throughout the story

describes a character who is simple with only one or two memorable traits

describes a character who is complex with several remarkable traits

The protagonist of a story is usually round AND dynamic.

One who tells, or narrates, a story; the storyteller; the voice of the story; there are 3 main types, although writers are known to blend / switch in their stories

This type of narrator is a character in the story. Using the pronoun, "I," the narrator reveals his or her own thoughts. This type of narrator may be unreliable.

This type of narrator is outside the story and reveals thoughts of only one character

This type of narrator is outside the story and knows everything that's going on in the story; can present multiple points of view

The mask or voice assumed by a writer; the narrator and the writer are not necessarily the same person

The writer's or speaker's distinctive use of language in a text; consists of tone and diction.

The writer's attitude toward a subject, character or audience.

the perspective from which a story is told

The series of related events in a story or play, sometimes called a storyline; can be visually demonstrated with the triangle, the witch’s hat, or the mountain peak

also called basic situation; the opening part of the story in which the setting, characters, and conflict are introduced

also called complications; the bulk of the story consisting of events centered around the conflict in order to build suspense

also called the turning point; a suspenseful part of the story where the protagonist makes a decision which makes the outcome more clear; a point of no return

the most suspenseful and exciting part of the story; where the outcome of the conflict is decided

the wind-down; events that take place after the climax and before the end of the story

also called denouement; the final part of the story; all conflicts resolved and all loose ends tied up to provide closure

The order of events in a story that are usually chronological

Relating to the establishment of dates and time sequences, usually beginning at the earliest time and following the order in which the events occurred

A Latin phrase denoting the literary and artistic narrative technique wherein the telling of the story begins either at the midpoint or at the conclusion, rather than the beginning, of a story

When and where of a story; the time and location impacts the atmosphere of the story

The struggle the protagonist experiences which makes a story interesting

The mood or feeling created in a piece of writing; achieved through the setting description and tone

A literary device in which an author suggests certain plot developments that will come later in the story or the use of hints or clues to suggest future events

An interruption in the story to present an episode from the past in order to make something more clear

The problem

An extreme exaggeration for effect is called:

Making a creative comparison that is not literally true or portraying a person place or thing as being something else is called a:

A pattern of rhyme at the end of lines in a poem (measured with letters -- ABC, etc) is called a:

Giving human-like characteristics or human actions to objects, animals or ideas is called:

Using the words "like" or "as" or another connective word to compare one thing to another in a creative and indirect way is called a:

Normal writing -- all grammar rules apply would be considered:

Words that make a sound is called:

The feelings that are attached to words, beyond literal meaning is called:

Using language that creates a picture in the reader's minds (sights, sounds, smells, tastes, textures) is called:

When the beginning sounds of words are repeated is called:

Group of lines in poem is called:

Attitude of the speaker toward the subject; overall emotion expressed through words and sentence length is called:

Poetry written without a recurring rhythm, rhyme or meter is called: