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Worksheets451 Biochemistry Review #2
Total questions: 59
Worksheet time: 30mins
With respect to the citric acid cycle,
GDP is required
oxygen is not a substrate in the reactions of the cycle
lipoic acid has no role
oxidative decarboxylation does not occur
With respect to movement of compounds across biological membranes,
active transport requires ATP
water cannot readily cross membranes
a proton gradient is required
protons generally require a protein to move across memebranes
In tightly coupled mitochondria,
oxidative phosphorlyation will speed up to make up for an oxygen deficit
low ADP levels will have the same overall effect as low oxygen levels
increasing intermembrane space pH will reduce ATP production
cyanide will reduce both ATP productions and the proton gradient
With respect to the Q cycle,
it explains how electrons arrive in pairs, but are converted to moving singly
it involves coenzyme Q in three different forms
Cytochrome C carries electrons to complex III
each QH2 sends electrons to two different things
With respect to fatty acid oxidation,
it occurs in the cytoplasm and the peroxisomes
it produces FADH2 and NADH
it only occurs on fatty acids shorter than 16 carbons
it occurs when the fatty acid is bound to ACP
With respect to fatty acid synthesis,
it is allosterically activated by palmitate/palmitoyl-CoA
it occurs in the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum
it uses malonyl-ACP
it requires a carboxylation and a decarboyxlation
With respect to prostaglandins,
aspirin is a COX inhibitor
inhibiting phospholipase A2 will stop release of fatty acids from membranes
they are precursors of cholesterol
they are pain relievers
With respect to nucleotide metabolism,
it uses ribonucleotide reductatse to convert all dNDPs to dNTPs
it uses CTP to make UTP
it uses dTMP to make dUMP
it uses DHFR to make dNDPs from NDPs
None of the above
With respect to transcription,
it occurs at a structure called a replication fork
the coding strand is complementrary to the RNA being made
it makes RNA in the 3' to 5' direction
it requires a ribosome
None of the above
With respect to gene expression,
attenuation involves early transcriptional termination
the lac repressors binds to DNA when it binds allo-lactose
CAP binds to DNA when it binds to cAMP
IRE-BP binds to DNA when it does not bind to iron
With respect to cholesterol metabolism,
it uses palmitoyl-CoA and serine
it includes an intermediate of squalene
ATP is not used
it is a precusor to vitamin D, bile acids, and steroid hormones
With respect to fatty acid metabolism,
it starts with oxidation of medium chain fatty acids in peroxisomes
oxidation of saturated fatty acids involves cis intermediates
enoyl-CoA isomerase is not needed for oxidation of saturated fatty acids
ketone bodies use the last enzyme of fatty acid synthesis
With respect to prostaglandins,
ibuprofen is a COX-1 inhibitor
steroids inhibit COX-2 enzymes
they are usually produced from thromboxanes or leukotrienes
PLA2 inhibits the action of aspirin
With respect to nucleotide metabolism,
deoxyribonucleotides are made from ribonucleoside diphosphates
PRPP amidotransferase balances relative amounts of pyrimidines
NDP Kinase (NDPK) converts ADP to dADP
dUTPase converts dUTP to dTTP
With respect to DNA replication
the beta clamp is responsible for making DNA Polymerase III more processive
helicase forms double helices at a rate of 6000 rpm
Okazaki fragments are only made in the 5' to 3' direction
lagging strand replication occurs in the 3' to 5' direction
With respect to the citric acid cycle,
succinate dehydrogenase requires FAD for catalysis
it includes two decarboxylations not found inthe glyoxylate cycle
NADH is not used
it uses oxygen in one or more of its enzymatic reactions
With respect to respiratory control,
cyanide will stop oxidative phosphorlyation first
exercising will favor electron transport
resting will favor decrease in ADP
2,4 DNP will increase NADH and temperature
With respect to membrane transport,
lactose permease is symport
it requires ATP
it requires diffusion through the membrane
it cannot be electroneutral if sodium is involved
With respect to electron transport,
electrons get pumped into the intermembrance space
oxygen is the terminal proton acceptor
the Q cycle occurs in complex III
2,4 DNP will increase oxygen consumption
In tightly coupled mitochondria,
increasing oxygen will increase the proton gradient
lack of NAD+ will ultimately reduce electron flow
uncoupling protein (UCP) will reduce ATP production
the citric acid cycle will run fastest when electron transport runs fastest
What coenzyme named in class does arsenate react with?
citrate synthase
lipoamide (lipoic acid)
glutamase
RNR
Which enzyme of the citric acid cycle catalyzes a reaction what produces FADH2?
citrate synthase
glutamase
succinate dehydrogenase
isocitrate dehydrogenase
Which enzyme of the citric acid cycle catalyzes a reaction that pulls the one proceding it?
citrate synthase
aconitase
alpha-ketogluturarte dehydrogenase
fumerase
What amino acid is alpha-ketogluturate readily converted to in an anaplerotic reaction?
glutamic acid
arganine
serine
thymine
Which enzyme(s) are unique to the glyoxylate cycle?
malate synthase
isocitrate lyase
isocitract dehydrogenase
alpha-ketogluturate dehydrogenase
Which is a specific sphingolipid named in a class that contains a phosphate
sphingomyelin
cerebroside
ganglioside
Which class of lipid described in class contains complex carbohydrates
triacecylglycerol
sphingomyelin
cerebroside
ganglioside
The catalytic activity of DNA Polymerase removes RNA primers in which direction?
5' to 3' exonuclease
3' to 5' exonuclease
What does telomerase copy to make a telomere?
its own RNA sequence
Template DNA
Coding DNA
mRNA
What molecule does aspirin prevent from being acted on by COX?
arachiodonic acid
prostaglandins
thromboxanes
luekotrienes
What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of fatty acids with a cis double bond between carbons 3/4 to a trans double bond between carbons 2/3?
enoyl-CoA isomerase
isocitrate dyhydrogenase
isomerase
lipase
The overproduction of _______ lead to gout.
purines
pyrimidines
ketones
fats
Which enzyme catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between ribonucleotides?
DNA Polymerase III
RNA Polymerase
DNA Polymerase I
rRNA
Which enzyme catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids in bacteria?
23s rRNA
28s rRNA
5s rRNA
16s rRNA
In attenuation of the trp operon, what is the function of the structure in the mRNA that only forms when there is abudant tryptophan in the cell?
termination of transcription
binding of the trp repressor
binding of trp to the operator
initiation of transcription
TPP
pyruvate dehydrogenase complex component
peptide bond catalyst
ketone body enzyme
prostaglandine enzyme
Intron
pre-mRNA component
tRNA component
ligated mRNA
translation chain terminator
Transducin
G proteins
Translation chain terminator
Ribonucleotide reducase inhibitor
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
Gyrase
binds rentinal
topoisomerase
helicase
lagging strand synthesis
dATP
Ribonucleotide reducase inhibitor
Ribonucleotide reducase activator
tRNA component
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
Inducer
IPTG
copper
G protein
tRNA component
Thiolase
Ketone body enzyme
Prostaglandin enzyme
purine breakdown
peptide bond catalyst
Statin
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor
ketone body formation
purine breakdown
Active transporter
Na/K ATPase
Symport
ion channel
G protein
Trans fat
hydrogenation byproducts
purien breakdown
pyruvate dehydrogenase component
Carnitine
mitochondrial membrane crosser
translation chain terminator
binds retinal
tRNA component
Ribozyme
peptide bond catalyst
IPTG
prostaglandin enzyme
tRNA component
Which group of molecules has their synthesis stopped by aromatase inhibitors?
estrogens
androgens
prostaglandins
cyclooxygenases
What three factors control the level of cholesterol in the body?
diet
synthesis
storage/recycling
VLDLs receptor-mediated endocytosis
What cellular structure is missing in familial hypercholesterolemia?
liver LDL receptors
HDL receptors
Chrylomicron receptors
HMG-CoA reductase
What is the only regulated enzyme in either fat or fatty acid breakdown?
triacylglycerol lipase
HMG-CoA reducatse
thiolase
lipase
What enzyme catalyzes the first reaction in the pathway leading to ketone bodies?
thiolase
HMG-CoA reductase
pyruvate dehydrogenase
acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
What molecule is produce by catalysis by the only regulated enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis?
malonyl-CoA
trans enoyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA
acyl-carnitine
What molecule shuttles the precursor of fatty acid synthesis to the cytoplasm
citrate
isocitrate
pyruvate
acetyl-CoA
What enzyme is responsible for the balance of purines and pyrimidiens in de novo ribonucleotide synthesis?
ATCase
PRPP synthetase
PRPP amidotransferase
IMP dehydrogenase
What molecule is the energy source for de novo synthesis of AMP?
GTP
GDP
ATP
UTP
What molecule is the branch point in de novo purine ribonucleotide synthesis?
IMP
UMP
XMP
UDP
What molecule is the electron source for fatty acid biosynthesis?
NAD+
NADH
FADH2
NADPH
What enzymatic activity is present in DNA polymerase I and III, but lacking in reverse transcriptase of HIV?
3' to 5' exonuclease
5' to 3 ' exonuclease
primase
ligase
