WorksheetsCh 17 Endocrine Structure
Total questions: 43
Worksheet time: 22mins
What are some chemical structure of hormones
Steroid hormones
Amine hormones
Peptide/Protein hormones
Eicosanoids
Steroid hormones are...
Chemicals made of four carbon rings
Derived from cholesterol
are water insoluble, lipid soluble
Examples are testosterone from testes and estrogen & progesterone from ovaries
Amine hormones are...
derived from amino acids (tyrosine, tryptophan)
Most are water soluble
Examples epinephrine, norephrine (are hormonesof adrenal glands
Examples T3 and T4 are thyroid hormones (but are water insoluble)
Peptide/protein hormones
Are chains of 3-200 amino acids
Short chains=Peptides, long chains =Proteins.
Are water soluble
Examples are Oxytocin (peptide secreted by posterior pituitary), Insulin (protein) secreted by pancreas, hGH secreted by anterior pituitary)
Eicosanoids...which are hormone like not true hormones-local regulators are...
Fatty acids derived from membrane lipids like protaglandins
Single molecules that are circulated through blood
They act on cells that produce them (autocrines) or act on neighboring cells (paracrines)
They stimulate nerves that cause pain sensation; ibuprofin, tylenol inhibit prostaglandin release to reduce pain
Made of four carbon rings that are derived from cholesterol
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
This chemical structure of a hormone is: Water insoluble, lipid soluble
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
Testosterone from testes; estrogen and progesterone from ovaries; cortisol, aldosterone from adrenal cortex is an example of what chemical structure of a hormone
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
This chemical structure of a hormone is derived from amino acids (tyrosine, tryptophan)
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
all Amine hormones are water soluble
True
False: most are water soluble
Epinephrine, norepinephrine are hormones of the adrenal glands. T3 and T4 are thyroid hormones (but are water insoluble!) is an example of what chemical structure of a hormone
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
Most amine hormones are water soluble, but which is water insoluble?
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
T3
T4
This chemical structure of a hormone are chains of 3-200 amino acids and most are water soluble
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
In peptide/protein hormones
Short chains are peptides
Long chains are peptides
Short chains are proteins
Long chains are proteins
•Oxytocin (peptide) secreted by
posterior pituitary; Insulin (protein) secreted by pancreas; hGH secreted by anterior pituitary are example of what chemical structure of a hormone
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
Are hormone like, but not true hormones
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
This chemical structure of a hormone is a fatty acid that is derived from membrane lipids like prostaglandins
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
This chemical structure of a hormone are signal molecules that are circulated through blood
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
This chemical structure of a hormone act on cells that produce them (autocrines**) or act on neighboring cells (paracrines**)
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
This chemical structure of a hormone stimulate nerves and cause pain sensation (ibuprofin inhibits prostaglandin release which reduces pain)
Amine hormones
Steroid hormones
Peptide/protein hormones
Eicosanoids (local regulators)
How do hormones travel in blood
Water soluble hormones (amine, peptide or protein hormones): Dissolve in blood plasma and circulate freely in blood.
Water insoluble hormones (steroid hormones):
Travel by binding to transport proteins in blood plasma – albumin and globulins made by liver.
Water soluble hormones (steroid hormones):
Travel by binding to transport proteins in blood plasma – albumin and globulins made by liver.
Water insoluble hormones (amine, peptide or protein hormones): Dissolve in blood plasma and circulate freely in blood.
Sex hormones are examples of...
Water soluble hormones (amine, peptide or protein hormones): Dissolve in blood plasma and circulate freely in blood.
Water insoluble hormones (steroid hormones):
Travel by binding to transport proteins in blood plasma – albumin and globulins made by liver.
Water soluble hormones (steroid hormones):
Travel by binding to transport proteins in blood plasma – albumin and globulins made by liver.
Water insoluble hormones (amine, peptide or protein hormones): Dissolve in blood plasma and circulate freely in blood.
insulin, growth hormones are examples of...
Water soluble hormones (amine, peptide or protein hormones): Dissolve in blood plasma and circulate freely in blood.
Water insoluble hormones (steroid hormones):
Travel by binding to transport proteins in blood plasma – albumin and globulins made by liver.
Water soluble hormones (steroid hormones):
Travel by binding to transport proteins in blood plasma – albumin and globulins made by liver.
Water insoluble hormones (amine, peptide or protein hormones): Dissolve in blood plasma and circulate freely in blood.
These hormones get broken down in the digestive tract into amino acids (must be given a shot)
Protein hormones
Steroid hormones
These hormones are not broken down by digestive enzymes, so can only be given orally as pills. Since they are lipid soluble, they are readily absorbed from digestive tract into body and act quickly on body cells
Protein hormones
Steroid hormones
Protein hormones like insulin and growth hormone have to be administered by
Injection
Pill
Steriod hormones like sex hormones have to be administered by
Injection
Pill
Hormones are secreted by a gland and travel through blood where they are recognized by specific receptors present in target cells and a response occurs....This response is...
A new protein is made by the target cell
An inactive protein is activated in the target cell
A protein is broken down by the target cell
An active protein is inactivated in the target cell
what are the basic mechanisms of hormone actions (how hormones act on target cells?)
Water insoluble/ lipid soluble hormone action: steroid hormones
Water soluble/lipid insoluble hormone action: protein hormones
Water insoluble/ lipid soluble hormone action: protein hormones
Water soluble/lipid insoluble hormone action: steroid hormone
When a response happens (from when a hormone is secreted from a gland), this new or activated protein could be...
An enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction
A transport protein that would allow certain chemicals to enter or exit the cell
An oxidant being oxidize to become an antioxidant
None of the above
In regards of hormone action which is correct for steroids and protein/peptide hormone
Steroids are lipid soluble/ water insoluble
Steroids are lipid insolube/ water soluble
Protein/Peptide are soluble/ water insoluble
Protein/Peptide are lipid insoluble/ water soluble
Which hormone can pass through the lipid bilayer of the cell memebrane
Steroid hormones
Peptide/Proein
Hormone cannot pass through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane
Steroid hormones
Peptide/Protein
What hormone has the receptor present inside the cell-in the cytoplasm or nucleus
Steroid hormones
Peptide/Protein
What hormone has the receptor present on the outer surface of the cell membrane
Steroid hormones
Peptide/Protein
Where is the Hormone-Receptor Complex formed in the hromones
Steroid hormones: Hormone Receptor Complex is formed inside the cell
Peptide/Protein: Hormone Receptor Complex is formed on the cell surface
Steroid hormones: Hormone Receptor Complex is formed on the cell surface
Peptide/Protein: Hormone Receptor Complex is formed inside the cell
What hormone HR complex direclty binds to DNA and activates specific genes (no second messenger needed)
Steroid
Protein/peptide
What hormone has the HR complex stimulate Gprotein and adenylate cyclase which stimulates sysnthesis of second messenger (cAMP) inside the cell
Steroid
Protein/peptide
What hormone results in synthesis of new RNA and new proteins
Steroid
Protein/peptide
What hormone results in activation of proteins already present inside the cell
Steroid
Protein/peptide
What is true about how our body control hormone concentration?
Endocrine glands release hormones in short burst.
Fewer burst, less hormones released into body
Frequent burst more hormone released into body
Glands regulate secretion through feedback control mechanism
Most hormones are negative feedback control, some are postive feedback control
Which feedback system is when the bodys response has an opposite affect on the release of the hormone
Negative feedback control
Positive feedback control
Which feedback system is when the bodys response has the same affect on the release of hormones
Negative feedback control
Positive feedback control
