The two chromosomes that make up a matched pair in a diploid cell.

A structure found in animal cells from which microtubules originate and that is important during cell division.

The region of a duplicated chromosome where two sister chromatids are joined (often appearing as a narrow “waist”) and where spindle microtubules attach during mitosis and meiosis.

A chromosome not directly involved in determining the sex of an organism; in mammals, for example, any chromosome other than X or Y.

The division of a single nucleus into two genetically identical nuclei.

In a sexually reproducing organism, the division of a single diploid nucleus into four haploid daughter nuclei.

The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes; often used to refer to the diffuse, very extended form taken by chromosomes when a cell is not dividing.

A small protein molecule associated with DNA and important in DNA packing in the eukaryotic chromosome. Eukaryotic chromatin consists of roughly equal parts of DNA and that protein.

The bead-like unit of DNA packing in a eukaryotic cell; consists of DNA wound around a protein core made up of eight(8) histone molecules.

A double-stranded helical nucleic acid molecule consisting of nucleotide monomers with deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). Capable of replicating.

A gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell and most visible during mitosis and meiosis; also, the main gene-carrying structure of a prokaryotic cell. It consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins.

One of the two identical parts of a duplicated chromosome in a eukaryotic cell.

A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U); usually single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis, gene regulation, and as the genome of some viruses.

Which structure move(s) the chromosomes to the poles of the dividing cell.

A kinetochore is a protein structure that forms on a chromatid during cell division and allows it to attach to ____________ on a chromosome.

Choose the correct statement.

Gonosomes are pair of chromosomes responsible for sex determination. Which of the following is wrong?