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WorksheetsBiology I Quiz Review
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 20mins
Four different nucleotides are used as building blocks of DNA. Which of the following can be used to distinguish one nucleotide from another?
The nitrogenous base
The shape of the deoxyribose sugar
The length of the phosphate group
The type of fatty acid
Which of the following biomolecules typically contains both nitrogen and phosphate?
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
catbohydrate
Atherosclerosis is a disease that obstruct blood flow and, therefore, oxygen supply to target organs. A major component of atherosclerosis is the excessive reproduction of smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels. Certain drugs may have the potential to reverse or prevent the unregulated reproduction of the diseased blood-vessel cells. The target of these drugs is what?
cell division
erythroblast differentiation
DNA transcription
Cellular respiration
When cells leave the cell cycle, they exit during G1 phase and then enter G0 phase, a resting period. Most normal cells can leave G0 phase and reenter the cell cycle at G1 phase before entering S phase. Cancer cells are different because they cannot enter G0 phase and are likely to do which of the following?
Fail to complete S phase
Mutate during G1 phase
Repeat the cell cycle continuously
Die after completing mitosis
Part of the cell cycle is shown in this model. This part of the cell cycle is best described as the process that-
duplicate the DNA
completes cell division
maintains genetic homeostasis
synthesizes new molecules
Cells pass through a G2 checkpoint before entering mitosis. Ideally, if DNA damage is detected, the cells do not enter mitosis until the damage is repaired. Why is DNA damage repaired before cells enter mitosis?
So that another round of DNA synthesis does not have to take place
So that the chromosomes can align at the metaphase plate during mitosis
So that the cytoplasm can be divided equally between the two daughter cells
So that healthy daughter cells are produced, allowing the organism to continue growing
Checkpoints occur between the stages of the cell cycle. if a cell does not meet certain criteria at the end of a stage, it will not move to the next stage. Which occurs just before the cell enters the G2 stage of the cell cycle?
The nuclear membrane disintegrates.
DNA replicates
Centrioles form
The nucleolus divides.
Recent studies in bone research indicate that using ultrasound on a broken bone can decrease the healing time by 25%. Which of these are the most basic levels of organization involved when a bone heals?
cells and tissue
cells and organ system
organ system and organism
tissue and organ system
Both euglena and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic unicellular organisms found in pond water. The feature that distinguishes euglena from cyanobacteria is the_________
ability to maintain homeostasis
presence of ribosomes
ability to reproduce
presence of a nuclear membrane
Both euglena and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic unicellular organisms found in pond water. The feature that distinguishes euglena from cyanobacteria is the_________
deactivate the host cells' defenses
synthesize antibodies for defense
metabolize host proteins and grow
access cellular processes for replication
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often infects a destroys CD4 T cells. These CD4 T cells are one of many kinds of white blood cells that are an important part of the immune system. The most common danger related to the destruction of CD4 T cells is ______.
an increase in the risk of high blood pressure
an increase in the threat of diseases caused by microorganisms and viruses
a decrease in the flow of blood to vital organs
a decrease in the amount of oxygen being transported to tissues
The picture shows a 3-D model of a virus called a bacteriophage. Bacteriophages can infect bacteria such as E. coli. In what way are the bacteriophage and E. coli alike?
They contain antibodies
They reproduce by mitosis
They have identical genomes
They lack membrane-bound organelles
The influenza epidemic killed between 50 million and 100 million people worldwide. This epidemic happened near the end of World War I. More people died from the influenza epidemic than were killed in the war. Which of the following explains why this virus was so deadly worldwide?
Infected soldiers returning from the war spread the virus when they coughed.
Food was scarce because of the war, so people were undernourished, and their immune systems were weakened.
Medical personnel often became ill as a result of exposure to the airborne virus particles.
All of the above
Severe acute respiratory (SARS) is an illness caused by a coronavirus. Symptoms including a high fever, headaches, and body aches typically occur two to seven days after infection by the virus. SARS is more serious in elderly patients. This information suggests that the reproduction cycle of the SARS virus is ____________
lysogenic, because the virus is a coronavirus
lytic, because the virus causes respiratory illness
lysogenic, because the virus primarily affects older people
lytic, because of the quick onset of symptoms after infection
A person infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may not have any symptoms for a period of time. During this period the virus affects the body by doing which of the following?
The virus produces toxins that weaken the immune cells and prevent them from reproducing
The virus damages immune cells while using their machinery to produce copies of itself.
The virus uses nutrients meant for immune cells to fuel its own respiration.
The virus changes the identity of the nucleotides of immune cells to prevent the immune system from functioning normally.
Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1. A company that wants to develop antiviral drugs would ask a research immunologist to study___________
the mechanism used by the virus to infect cells
how closely related the virus is to cold viruses
the metabolism of the virus
meiosis in the virus
A photomicrograph of onion root tip cells during mitosis is shown below. Which phase of mitosis is occurring in the cells indicated by the arrow?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
The diagram shows cells in different phases of mitosis. A student is trying to find a cell in a particular phase of mitosis. The student is looking for evidence that spindle fibers are separating the chromosomes to ensure that each new nucleus has one copy of each chromosome. Which cell is in the phase of mitosis that the student is searching for?
Cell 1
Cell 2
Cell 3
Cell 4
From a single fertilized ovum undergoing a series of rapid cell divisions, a human infant develops. The embryonic cells become specialized for a variety of functions. Which of these statements best describes how different cell types develop?
Each cell type contains only the active parts of the DNA needed for that cell type.
Each cell type has only one chromosome containing the DNA needed for the cell type.
Each cell has an identical copy of DNA with enzymes controlling the expression of specific genes, leading to a variety of cells.
Each cell has multiple copies of DNA that are affected in different ways by the environment to change the function of the cell at regular intervals
This diagram shows cellular activity across a cell membrane. Which two processes does this diagram most directly model?
Energy conversions and synthesis of new molecules
Synthesis of new molecules and homeostasis
Transport of molecules and energy conversions
Homeostasis and transport of molecules
