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Earth Science Unit Test Review

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Soil is made of
a)
weathered rocks and minerals
b)
dead plants and animals
c)
air and water
d)
all of the above
2.
What do we call the layers of soil?
a)
Deposits
b)
Horizons
c)
Minerals
d)
Rocks
3.
Which horizon is made up of partially weathered rocks?
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
4.
In which horizon is most of the HUMUS?
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
5.
RICH IN MINERALS, SUCH AS IRON AND ALUMINUM.......
a)
O
b)
A
c)
B
d)
D
6.
SLIGHTLY BROKEN UP ROCK.....
a)
C
b)
D
c)
O
d)
A
7.
LOOSE SOIL THAT IS RICH IN ORGANIC MATERIAL...EX. HUMUS.......
a)
O
b)
A
c)
B
d)
C
8.
WHAT LAYER IS TOPSOIL FOUND IN........
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
9.
Which type of soil can hold the greatest amount of water?
a)
sand
b)
silt
c)
clay
d)
loam
10.
Wind blowing dirt and sand through the air is an example of...
a)
weathering 
b)
erosion
11.
Water gets into the cracks of rock and freezes, causing the rock to break.  What is this an example of?
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
12.
The four types of soil are _____. 
a)
humus, gravel, pebbles, sand
b)
sand, silt, clay, loam
c)
sand, rock, pebbles, granite
d)
sand, clay, bedrock, topsoil
13.
This type of soil is carried by water and left as sediment. 
a)
bedrock
b)
loam
c)
silt
d)
clay
14.

Which soil particle is the largest and feels gritty?

a)

Sand

b)

Silt

c)

Clay

15.

Which soil particle is the smallest, feels smooth, and gets heavy when wet (like a sponge)?

a)

Sand

b)

Silt

c)

Clay

16.
Which type of rock results from melting and cooling of magma?
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Extrusive
17.
Which type of rock forms from extreme heat and pressure?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Organic
d)
Metamorphic
18.
A metamorphic rock changes into an igneous rock by what two processes?
a)
Melting and cooling
b)
Extreme heat and pressure
c)
Compaction and cementation
d)
Weathering and erosion
19.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
Brown, Red, Gray
d)
Streak, Hardness, Breakage
20.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
21.
How light reflects off of a mineral is called the mineral's 
a)
luster
b)
streak
c)
cleavage
d)
fracture
22.
By definition, a mineral has which of the following characteristic(s)?
a)
definite chemical composition
b)
crystal structure
c)
naturally occuring
d)
all of the above
23.
Means that a mineral cannot come from something that was once living.
a)
Inorganic
b)
Organic
c)
Naturally Occurring
d)
Not Living
24.
This means the particles that make a mineral line up in a pattern that repeats over and over again.
a)
Chemical Composition
b)
Crystal Structure
c)
Fracture
d)
Solid
25.

what is the rock cycle.

a)

molten rock that is stored underground.

b)

rock material that forms where rocks are broken down into smaller pieces.

c)

a process that changes one type of rock into another type of rock.

26.

Which layer is shown in red?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

27.

Which layer is shown in orange?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

28.

Which layer is shown in yellow?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

29.

Which layer is shown in brown?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

30.

Which shows the order of the layers from COOLEST to HOTTEST?

a)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

b)

inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

c)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

d)

Trick question! All of the layers are the same temperature!

31.

Convection currents, which may be the driving force for the movement of lithospheric plates, are mostly found in Earth’s

a)

crust

b)

outer core

c)

mantle

d)

inner core

32.

Which of Earth's layers is best described as liquid metal?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

33.

Which of the following is true regarding the composition of the lithosphere?

a)

The lithosphere is mostly liquid, with some medium-density materials, such as silicon.

b)

The lithosphere is more plastic and flows slowly compared to the solid crust of Earth.

c)

The lithosphere includes the core and the lower portion of the mantle.

d)

The lithosphere includes the crust and the uppermost portion of the mantle, which is sold and rigid.

34.

What does layer D show?

a)

upper mantle

b)

lower mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

35.
Tectonic plates are made up of continental crust and ________ crust.
a)
continental
b)
oceanic
c)
plates
d)
mantle
36.
What is the core made of?
a)
steel
b)
iron 
c)
aluminum
d)
iron and nickel
37.
What layer is a semisolid and acts like a plastic?
a)
Lithosphere
b)
Mantle
c)
Asthenosphere
d)
crust
38.
Which layer of Earth is made up of tectonic plates?
a)
outer core
b)
inner core
c)
asthenosphere
d)
lithosphere
39.

the place where two different plates have contact.

a)

Pacific Plate

b)

Mountains

c)

Earthquakes

d)

Plate Boundaries

40.

Occurs when two tectonic plates move toward each other and collide

a)

convergent boundary

b)

subduction

c)

volcanic eruptions

d)

divergent boundary

41.

Events in which molten rock spews out from the mantle to the surface of Earth as ash, lava and gases; major geological events that occur when a dense plate subducts below a less dense plate

a)

Mountain Building

b)

Convergent boundary

c)

Divergent boundary

d)

Volcanic eruptions

42.

Major geological event that occurs when continental plates of equal density converge, resulting in mountain chains

a)

Mountain Building

b)

Subduction

c)

Volcanic eruptions

d)

Divergent Boundary

43.

Occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other.

a)

Divergent Boundary

b)

Convergent Boundary

c)

Volcanic eruptions

d)

Mountain building

44.

Major geological events that occur when plates shift suddenly and release stored energy; frequent occurrences along all types of plate boundaries

a)

Volcano

b)

Earthquakes

c)

Tsunami

d)

Tornado

45.
Earthquakes are common at ________ boundaries.
a)
transform
b)
convergent
c)
divergent
46.
_____________ ridges exist in locations where the convection current reaches the surface.
a)
Land
b)
Lake
c)
Mid-ocean
d)
None of the above.
47.

This type of boundary occurs when tectonic plate move together.

a)

covergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

d)

none of the above

48.

This type of boundary occurs when tectonic plates slide past one another.

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

d)

none of the above

49.

The theory of plate tectonics is based on hot magma rising and cool magma sinking. This cycle is called:

a)

subduction

b)

convection

c)

hot pockets

d)

radial fracture

50.
What is the center of our solar system?
a)
moon
b)
earth
c)
sun
d)
Jupiter
51.
What describes the earth going around the sun?
a)
rotation
b)
revolution
52.

This is the first planet from the Sun; it is very hot in the day and very cold in the night.

a)

Mercury

b)

Neptune

c)

Earth

d)

Jupiter

53.

These are the four planets the Sun; Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are classified as

a)

terrestrial planets

b)

gas giants

c)

solar planets

d)

the best planets

54.
What is the difference between the inner planets and the outer planets?
a)
The outer planets are smaller than the inner planets 
b)
The inner planets are smaller than the outer planets
c)
The outer planets have more rocks than the inner planets
d)
the inner planets are heavier than  the outer planets
55.
The gas giants are different from the terrestrial planets because they
a)
have smaller atmospheres
b)
are less dense
c)
have larger atmospheres
d)
are more colorful
56.
What celestial body is made of ice and cosmic dust?
a)
Meteor
b)
Meteoroid
c)
Asteroid
d)
Comet
57.
Which object has the most gravity?
a)
Earth
b)
moon
c)
Jupiter
d)
sun
58.

When the Moon is directly between the Sun and the Earth, what phase would the Moon be in?

a)

Full Moon

b)

New Moon

c)

Half Moon

d)

Waxing Crescent

59.

What term is associated with the moons that are increasing in size (more light on them) each day?

a)

Waxing moons

b)

Waning moons

c)

Crescent moons

d)

Gibbous moons

60.

What phase of the moon is shown?

a)

waning gibbous

b)

1st quarter

c)

waxing crescent

d)

Waxing gibbous

61.

What is the phase of the Moon at position #5?

a)

New Moon

b)

Third Quarter Moon

c)

First Quarter Moon

d)

Full Moon

62.

What is the correct phases of the Moon at position 3?

a)

Waning Crescent

b)

First Quarter (or Waxing Half)

c)

Third Quarter (or Waning Half)

d)

Waxing Gibbous

63.
What are the correct phases of the Moon from position 6 through 8?
a)
Waning Crescent, First Quarter, Waning Gibbous
b)
Waning Gibbous, Third Quarter, Waning Crescent
c)
Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, Waxing Gibbous
d)
Waxing Gibbous, Third Quarter, Waxing Crescent
64.

What is a high tide?

a)

Sea pulled TOWARD the moon where Earth is CLOSEST to the moon

b)

Sea pulled AWAY from the moon where Earth is FARTHEST to the moon

c)

Sea pulled AWAY from the moon where Earth is CLOSEST to the moon

65.
Which body has the greater effect on Earth's tides?
a)
Sun
b)
Saturn
c)
Moon 
d)
Venus
66.

Wha type of tide would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?

a)

full moon tide

b)

new moon tide

c)

neap tide

d)

spring tide

67.
What type of tides would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
neap tide
b)
spring tide
c)
new moon tide
d)
full moon tide
68.

A lunar eclipse occurs about

a)

once in 3 years

b)

twice a year

c)

once a month

d)

once in 5 years

69.
During a solar eclipse...
a)
The sun is blocked
b)
The Earth is blocked
70.
For a solar eclipse to occur, what has to happen?
a)
The sun must be directly between Earth and the moon.
b)
The moon must be directly between Earth and the Sun.
71.
Which of the following best describes the tilt of the earth when it is summer in the southern hemisphere?
a)
The northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun
b)
The northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun
c)
The norther hemisphere is tilted neither toward or away from the sun
d)
Why are you talking about the northern hemisphere when you asked about the southern hemisphere?
72.
The Arctic Circle receives several days each year where the sun not seeing.
a)
True
b)
False
73.
The earth is a tilted planet.  What is the degree of tilt?
a)
Approximately 25 degrees
b)
Exactly 25 degrees
c)
23.5 degrees
d)
90 degrees with respect to the sun
74.
Which  of the following best describes the tilt of the earth during the spring and fall equinoxes?
a)
The earth is tilted away from the sun (Northern hemisphere)
b)
The earth is tilted neither toward or away from the sun (tilt is side to side)
c)
The earth is tilted toward the sun (Northern hemisphere)
d)
The earth is not tilted during spring and fall

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