☆blue colour around the lips and blue skin (cyanosis)

☆shortness of breath

☆ poor growth

☆pale skin

☆fatigue

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☆The inability to physically keep up with others of the same age.

☆Becoming out of breath much sooner than others of the same age.

☆ Turning blue around the gums or tongue.

☆Dizziness with physical exertion.

☆ Heart palpitations.

☆In some cases, fainting (syncope)

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Heart Disease Risk Factors for Children and Teenagers

~ High blood pressure.

~ High cholesterol.

~ Smoking.

~ Obesity.

~ Physical inactivity.

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The excess strain and resulting damage from high blood pressure (HBP or hypertension) causes the coronary arteries serving the heart to slowly become narrowed from a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other substances that together are called plaque. This slow process is known as atherosclerosis.

As arteries harden with plaque, blood clots become more likely to form. When an artery becomes blocked due to an accumulation of plaque or a blood clot, the flow of blood through the heart muscle is interrupted, starving the muscle of oxygen and nutrients. The damage or death of part of the heart muscle that occurs as a result is called a heart attack (myocardial infarction).

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When there is too much cholesterol in your blood, it builds up in the walls of your arteries, causing a process called atherosclerosis, a form of heart disease. The arteries become narrowed and blood flow to the heart muscle is slowed down or blocked. ... LDL is the main source of artery-clogging plaque.

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Smoking damages the lining of your arteries, leading to a build up of fatty material (atheroma) which narrows the artery. This can cause angina, a heart attack or a stroke. The carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke reduces the amount of oxygen in your blood.

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Here are three ways that obesity contributes to heart disease – and what you can do to take control of your health and combat not only obesity, but heart disease too!

~ It can change your cholesterol level

~ It can cause high blood pressure

~ It can lead to diabetes

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Regular physical activity reduces the risk of dying prematurely from CVD. ... Physical inactivity is a significant risk factor for CVD itself. It ranks similarly to cigarette smoking, high blood pressure, and elevated cholesterol. One reason it has such a large affect on mortality is because of its prevalence.

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• Ishita Rathi

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