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Term 2 Benchmark Review

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 2hrs 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A researcher examines fossils found in some rock layers. The fossils shown were found in undisturbed layers of rock. Which fossil is the youngest?

a)

Trilobites

b)

Armored fish

c)

Dinosaurs

d)

Early horses

2.

A baby woolly mammoth was discovered frozen for 40,000 years. What type of fossil would this be?

a)

Mold

b)

Trace

c)

Preserved

d)

Carbonized

3.

What type of rock is formed from hardened and cooled magma?

a)

Parent/Bed rock

b)

Igneous rock

c)

Metamorphic rock

d)

Sedimentary rock

4.

Much of the evidence that is used to support evolution of life on Earth is obtained by -------.

a)

Studying fossils preserved in rock

b)

Radioactive dating of rock

c)

Relative dating of rock

d)

Absolute dating of rock

5.

What property of this wave is represented by the letter "A"

a)

amplitude

b)

crest

c)

trough

d)

wavelength

6.
When the frequency of a wave increases, what happens to the wavelength?
a)
The wavelength is not directly affected by the frequency of a wave.
b)
The wavelength increases.
c)
The wavelength decreases.
d)
More specific information is needed to form a conclusion about the wavelength.
7.
A mechanical wave cannot travel through...
a)
a vacuum(empty space).
b)
water.
c)
air. 
d)
glass.
8.
Which wave in the diagram has the greatest frequency?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
9.

When a wave strikes and object and bounces off. An example echo.

a)

medium

b)

refraction

c)

reflection

d)

interference

10.
Which EM wave has the lowest frequency?
a)
radio
b)
xray
c)
gamma
d)
infrared
11.
Rainbows are ______ light.
a)
Refracting
b)
Reflecting
c)
Diffracting
d)
Absorbing
12.
Which is an advantage of installing solar panels?
a)
Reduced amount of air polllution
b)
High cost to install
c)
Number of cloudy days
d)
Use of nonrenewable resources
13.
Oil, Natural Gas, Nuclear, Coal - What do these items have in common?
a)
They are examples of inexhaustible energy resources.
b)
They are examples of renewable energy resources.
c)
They are examples of energy resources that do not cause pollution.
d)
They are examples of nonrenewable energy resources.
14.
Which of the following energy resources is nonrenewable?
a)
Biomass
b)
Geothermal
c)
Fossil Fuel
d)
Hydropower
15.
Why is the Sun considered the ultimate energy source?
a)
The Sun is the center of our solar system.
b)
The Sun provides energy for the water cycle and plants.
c)
The Sun is limited in the amount of energy released daily.
d)
The Sun rises and sets each day as seen from Earth.
16.
Coal is a fossil fuel that is formed from...
a)
Water eroding the land
b)
Meteors hitting Earth.
c)
Repeated volcanic eruptions.
d)
The decay of dead plants and animals
17.
Fossil Fuels are formed...
a)
From the remains of organisms
b)
By high winds and temperatures
c)
In shallow areas over short period of time.
d)
In shallow areas over short periods of time.
18.
The careful use of a resource is....
a)
recycling
b)
pollution
c)
depositing
d)
conservation
19.
Fossil fuels are classified as nonrenewable because they.......
a)
require expensive equipment
b)
take millions of years to replace
c)
can be found all over 
d)
provide all the energy we use
20.
What characteristic do all renewable resources share?
a)
Produced by waste products
b)
Form underground from dead organisms.
c)
Replaced in a short period of time
d)
Allow energy to pass through them easily
21.

Light waves bounce off of the surface of the medium

a)

Reflection

b)

Refraction

c)

Diffraction

22.

Separation of white light into their separate components.

a)

Refraction

b)

Reflection

c)

Diffraction

d)

Absorption

23.

When the car travels towards the girl, there is a ------- and wavelengths are decreasing.

a)

red shift

b)

blue shift

24.
Which layer formed first?
a)
Rock Layer W
b)
Rock Layer X
c)
Rock Layer Y
d)
Rock Layer Z
25.
A scientist says that layers Y and M are the same age. How does he know this?
a)
They are found in the same type of rock.
b)
They are the lowest layers.
c)
They have the same type of fossil.
d)
They are near each other.
26.
Scientists use radioactive decay to measure...
a)
relative time
b)
absolute time
c)
half-lives
d)
time of day
27.
How do geologists use relative dating?
a)
Placing rocks in order from youngest to oldest
b)
Placing rocks in order by minerals they contain
c)
Classifying rocks by different textures
d)
Classifying rocks by different isotopes
28.

Which makes a good index fossil?

a)

a fossil not commonly found in rocks

b)

a fossil that lived throughout geologic time

c)

a fossil that lived during three geologic time periods

d)

a fossil that lived during only one geologic time period and commonly found on many continents

29.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
30.
this material does an excellent job of preserving insect remains
a)
cast
b)
amber
c)
mold
d)
carbon film
31.

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth.

b)

convection currents in the Asthenosphere

c)

the gravity of the iron-nickel core.

d)

the Moho discontinuity.

32.

In some areas of the world, like California and Japan, earthquakes are a common occurrence. How can this best be explained?

a)

The strong ocean currents are undermining both areas causing earthquakes.

b)

Both areas are located near the edge of the Pacific Ocean, the unstable sand causes earthquakes.

c)

Both areas are subjected to strong ocean wind and waves that causes earthquakes.

d)

Both areas are on the boundary of active plates, the motion of the plates causes earthquakes.

33.

Subduction zones occur on Earth where dense oceanic crust dives under more buoyant continental crust. These boundaries are characterized by a deep ocean trench next to a high continental mountain range, large numbers of earthquakes and volcanoes. All of this is further evidence for the

a)

big bang theory.

b)

theory of plate tectonics.

c)

origin of the species.

d)

theory of natural selection.

34.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the oceanic crust is melting.

b)

the denser ceanic crust is subducting under the less dense oceanic crust

c)

volcanic islands are forming.

d)

the tectonic plates are moving away from each other.

35.
What geological forces might be responsible for this range of mountains?
a)
diverging tectonic plates
b)
erosion of the land by the ocean
c)
converging tectonic plates
d)
deposition of sediments by the ocean
36.

Earthquake epicenters (center of where the earthquakes started) were mapped for a 35 year period in the diagram above. The black dots indicate these epicenters. The black dots appear along what feature on Earth?

a)

hot spots

b)

plate boundaries

c)

rift zones

d)

sea floor spreading

37.

What is the source of energy that drives plate movement?

a)

the subducton of the sea floor

b)

the different densities of the oceanic and crustal plates

c)

convection currents in the asthenosphere

d)

the friction force between the plates that move past each other

38.

Where would sea floor spreading most likely occur?

a)

At convergent boundaries (oceanic vs. oceanic)

b)

At convergent boundaries (oceanic vs. continental)

c)

At divergent plate boundaries (oceanic vs. oceanic)

d)

At transform plate boundaries

39.

This is the only part of the Earth's interior that is completely liquid/molten.

a)

lithosphere

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

40.

What causes the water table to rise?

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Precipitation

d)

Runoff

41.

What is the cause of the wearing down of mountain ranges?

a)

continental drift

b)

subduction

c)

chemical and mechanical weathering

d)

sea-floor spreading

42.

What is the name that Alfred Wegener gave to the large supercontinent?

a)

Pantene

b)

Gondwanaland

c)

Pangaea

d)

Laurasia

43.

What is formed when two oceanic plates converge?

a)

a trench and volcanic islands

b)

folded mountains

c)

transform boundary

d)

seafloor spreading

44.

Most of the water on Earth is saline and non-potable. Where is most of the freshwater on Earth found?

a)

estuaries

b)

aquifers

c)

glaciers and polar ice caps

d)

rivers and lakes

45.

Which layer of the Earth lies immediately below the lithosphere?

a)

hydrosphere

b)

inner core

c)

outer core

d)

asthenosphere

46.

Plate tectonics theory and the law of superposition provides evidence to support

a)

the big bang theory and the doppler effect

b)

speciation and genetic drift

c)

evolution of organisms and landforms

d)

mass extinctions and weathering

47.

Caves are typically formed by

a)

mechanical weathering and runoff

b)

mechanical weathering and groundwater flow

c)

chemical weathering and groundwater flow

d)

chemical weathering and runoff

48.

What happens if a hurricane moves over land or cold ocean water?

a)

it will strengthen

b)

it will get weaken

c)

it will upgrade its category

d)

it will morph into a typhoon

49.

What causes a thunderstorm cell?

a)

Warm air rising quickly in unstable air.

b)

Cool air rising quickly in unstable air.

c)

Warm air falling quickly in unstable air.

d)

Cold are falling quickly in unstable air.

50.

The part of a hurricane where the most violent winds and heaviest rainfall are.

a)

eye

b)

eye wall

c)

feeder bands

d)

equator

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