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8th grade semester 1 EOC (astronomy, motion, forces, sci)

Total questions: 62

Worksheet time: 1hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
 Light years are most helpful to scientists when they are measuring what?
a)
The speed of light
b)
The distances between objects in space
c)
The life cycle of our Sun
d)
The speed of a planet's orbit around the Sun
2.

Our Milky Way is a ______________ galaxy.

a)

spiral

b)

elliptical

c)

irregular

d)

burst

3.
Planets closer to the sun have a ___________ gravitational attraction along with a ___________ revolution speed when compared to outer planets. 
a)
weaker, slower
b)
weaker, faster
c)
stronger, faster
d)
stronger, slower
4.
Determining a star's mass identifies the star's current what?
a)
position in the galaxy
b)
temperature
c)
life cycle
d)
gravitational pull
5.
Which of the following can be located between the planet Mars and the planet Jupiter?
a)
meteor shower
b)
asteroid belt
c)
comet
d)
meteorite
6.
True or False:  The smallest known planet, is also the planet with the greatest density.  
a)
True- Mercury is the smallest planet as well as the most dense
b)
True- Neptune is the smallest planet as well as the most dense
c)
False- Mercury is the smallest planet, but Jupiter has the greatest density
d)
False- Earth is the smallest planet, but Mars has the greatest density
7.
Our universe is constantly __________________ because galaxies are moving ______________ each other.
a)
shrinking, towards
b)
rotating, around
c)
growing, away from
8.
Which of the following is TRUE of comets?
a)
They have an icy core
b)
They have tails made up of gas & dust
c)
Both answers are correct
d)
Neither answer is correct
9.

A 600g basketball, a 500g football, a 150g baseball, and a 50g yo-yo: four toys. If you had to throw one of the four, which one would take the MOST force to throw?

a)

600 g basketball

b)

500 g football

c)

150 g baseball

d)

50 g yo-yo

10.

In canoeing, you paddle backward to go forward. Canoeing can be explain by Newton's third law that says

a)

The water transfers energy to the boat to make it move.

b)

Once the boat is moving forward, it will naturally continue to move forward.

c)

As the paddle push the water backward, the water pusher the paddler forward with an equal force.

d)

The body of water has a larger mass and will exert a larger force on the paddle then the paddle does on the water.

11.

This graph shows that as an object’s mass increases its

a)

inertia increases.

b)

inertia decreases.

c)

acceleration increases.

d)

acceleration decreases.

12.

Consider a person sliding down a water slide at constant velocity. What are the forces acting on the person as they slide? Are the forces balanced or unbalanced? Explain.

a)

Gravity and friction are acting on the person. The forces are unbalanced because the person is sliding down the slide.

b)

Gravity and air resistance are acting on the person. The forces are balanced until the person reaches the bottom of the water slide.

c)

Weight, gravity, and friction are acting on the person. The forces are unbalanced. Gravity is the strongest force causing the person to move.

d)

Gravity and friction are acting on the person. The forces are balanced. There is no net force because the person is moving at a constant velocity.

13.

Why does an object in motion stay in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force?

a)

because forces are what stop and start motion

b)

because balanced forces cannot exist in nature

c)

because motion is the inherent state of all matter

d)

because motion, once begun, continues to accelerate

14.
What force holds the planets in motion around the sun?
a)
Magnetic
b)
Electrical
c)
Gravitational
d)
Air Resistance
15.
What does the strength of gravity between two objects depend upon?
a)
Mass & distance
b)
Mass & weight
c)
Gravity & inertia
d)
Inertia & mass
16.
All objects in the universe have a gravitational attraction to each other. 
a)
True
b)
False
17.
What force ultimately slows the roller coaster to a stop?
a)
Applied
b)
Normal
c)
Friction
d)
Magnetic
18.
An _______ force must act on an object for it to CHANGE it's motion
a)
balanced
b)
unbalanced
c)
gravitational
d)
electrical
19.

What is defined as a push or pull?

a)

force

b)

motion

c)

vector

d)

speed

20.

If the net force is equal to zero, the forces acting on the object are

a)

balanced

b)

unbalanced

21.
Balanced forces do not change the objects speed or 
a)
direction
b)
distance 
c)
time
d)
mass
22.
What is the net force?
a)
5000 N right
b)
4000 N right
c)
40 N left
d)
4000 N left
23.
Jonny and Patty are pushing against a basketball. Both of them push against theball on opposite sides with a force of 20 N to keep the ball still. What is the net force?
a)
400 N
b)
24 N
c)
0 N
d)
40 N
24.
What is it called when the force of gravity is acting on an object?
a)
Weight
b)
Sliding Friction
c)
Momentum
d)
Projectile Motion
25.
Inertia is....
a)
for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
b)
larger objects take more force to move 
c)
an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted on by an opposite force
d)
a push that acts in the opposite direction and it slows down.
26.
What is a force that works AGAINST MOTION?
a)
Force
b)
Motion
c)
Gravity
d)
Friction
27.

If you push a tennis ball, a bowling ball, and a basketball with the same amount of force, which one will go farthest?

a)

bowling ball

b)

tennis ball

c)

basketball

28.

If there was no friction, objects in motion would stay in motion forever.

a)

true

b)

false

29.
A change in velocity over time is
a)
Scalar
b)
Speed
c)
Acceleration
d)
Motion
30.
D-Lo watches a red buggy car, which is his favorite activity. He watches the car cover 2 meters every second. Which graph would represent this?
a)
A (upper left)
b)
B (bottom left)
c)
C (upper right)
d)
D (bottom right)
31.
Which is an example of zero acceleration?
a)
A merri-go-round moving at a constant rate
b)
A car coming to a stop
c)
A boat speeding up
d)
A person running on a treadmill at a rate of 6 MPH
32.
Which graph shows an object moving at a constant rate?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
D
d)
E
33.
Which graph shows an object increasing speed?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
D
d)
E
34.
Which graph shows an object going back to the start position?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
35.
Which graph shows an object slowing down?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
E
36.
Morgan walks 10 miles South. Trevor walks 10 miles North in the same amount of time.  They have:
a)
Different average speeds
b)
Different velocities
c)
Same velocity
d)
Same motion
37.
A car starts from a stoplight and is traveling with a velocity of 10 m/sec east in 20 seconds.  What is the acceleration of the car?
a)
.5 m/s/s
b)
.5 m/s
c)
2 m/s/s
d)
2 m/s
38.
A trip to Cape Canaveral, Florida takes 10 hours. The distance is 816 km. Calculate  the average speed. 
a)
8 km/hr
b)
81.6 km/hr
c)
.012 km/hr
d)
61.8 km/hr
39.
How many variables should be changed in an experiment?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
doesn't matter
40.

What is energy?

a)

moving energy

b)

stored energy

c)

renewable energy

d)

The ability to do work.

41.

What is potential energy?

a)

moving energy

b)

stored energy

c)

renewable energy

d)

non renewable energy

42.

What is kinetic energy?

a)

moving energy

b)

potential energy

c)

stored energy

d)

renewable energy

43.

What is NOT a renewable energy source?

a)

coal

b)

wind

c)

solar

d)

water

44.

Which is NOT a non-renewable energy source?

a)

coal

b)

oil

c)

wind

d)

gas

45.
When is the potential energy the greatest in a roller coaster?
a)
a. at the bottom of the first hill
b)
b. at the top of the first hill
c)
c. at the top of the second hill
d)
d. at the bottom of the second hill
46.
Which of the following is a conversion from light energy to chemical energy?
a)
a. turning on a stove to heat dinner
b)
b. turning on a lamp
c)
c. growing an apple tree
d)
d. making toast in a toaster
47.
After an energy conversion, you end up with the same total amount of energy as the original amount of potential energy. Which of the following laws explains this rule?
a)
a. law of energy changes
b)
b. law of conservation of energy
c)
c. law of power and energy
d)
d. law of potential energy
48.
Where is the potential energy the greatest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
49.
At which point is kinetic energy greatest? 
a)
W
b)
X
c)
Y
d)
Z
50.
Which of the following is NOT true about Potential Energy?
a)
An object's position affects its potential energy
b)
Potential energy is Stored energy
c)
Potential energy only occurs when an object is in motion
d)
All objects have potential energy
51.
If the skier is at the top of the hill waiting for the whistle to blow for his turn to ski, he has ____________, after the whistle blows and he starts his ski run, he has ___________ .
a)
kinetic energy; potential energy
b)
potential energy; friction
c)
kinetic energy; gravity
d)
potential energy; kinetic energy
52.
What would have the greatest kinetic energy?
a)
A car driving down a hill.
b)
A person running down a hill. 
c)
A ball rolling down a hill. 
53.

the ONE variable that is changed or manipulated

a)

control

b)

independent

c)

dependent

d)

super variable

54.

dependent variable

a)

the one variable that is changed/manipulated

b)

the group that is kept the SAME

c)

what is being measured/observed, the DATA

55.

Controlled Variable

a)

the ONE thing that is changed

b)

the DATA, what is being measured or observed

c)

the "normal" group, regular situation

56.

A scientist is testing the impact of light and dark on moth behavior by turning a light on and off. The INDEPENDENT variable is...

a)

the moth's reaction

b)

the amount of light

c)

the temperature of the room

57.

A scientist is testing the impact of light and dark on the moth behavior by turning a light on and off. The DEPENDENT variable is...

a)

amount of light

b)

moth behavior/their reaction

c)

number of moths

58.

In a study to determine how the TEMPERATURE OF THE ROOM impacts a PLANT'S GROWTH, the INDEPENDENT variable is...

a)

amount of growth

b)

type of plant

c)

the temperature of the room

d)

amount of light

59.

A study was done to determine to figure out if HOW LONG YOU SLEEP affects your TEST SCORE. The INDEPENDENT variable is...

a)

test scores

b)

place you sleep

c)

hours of sleep

60.

In a study to determine how the TEMPERATURE OF THE ROOM impacts a PLANT'S GROWTH, the DEPENDENT variable is...

a)

amount of growth

b)

type of plant

c)

the temperature of the room

d)

amount of light

61.

Does warmer TEMPERATURE WATER DISSOLVE more sugar?

INDEPENDENT variable is...

a)

Type of sugar

b)

amount of sugar that dissolved

c)

Temperature of the water

62.

How much water flows through a faucet at different openings? DEPENDENT variable is...

a)

Amount of water flowing,

b)

Water faucet opening (closed, half open, fully open)

c)

Water pressure, or how much the water is "pushing"

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