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NC EOC Biology Review part 1

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 1hrs 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are the four biological molecules?

a)

proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids

b)

A, T, C, G

c)

water, air, earth, and fire

d)

starches, dairy products, carbohydrates, meats

2.
Which biomolecule is also known as enzymes?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Nucleic Acid
d)
Protein
3.
Which biomolecule are in starches and fibers?
a)
Lipid
b)
Protein
c)
Nucleic Acid
d)
Carbohydrate
4.
Which biomolecule is responsible for insulation and energy storage?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
5.
Which biomolecule is made of amino acids?
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Lipid
6.
Which biomolecule is your main source of quick energy?
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Protein
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
7.
Proteins don't have specific shapes.
a)
True
b)
False
8.
The conditions for an enzyme to work need to be ____________
a)
specific
b)
normal
c)
variable
d)
don't matter
9.
Enzymes produce a specific reaction.
a)
True
b)
False
10.
Once an enzyme does it's work, the enzyme is ___________.
a)
destroyed
b)
unchanged
c)
duplicated
d)
changed
11.
Which biomolecule is this a picture of?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
12.
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen are the elements that make up______?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic acid
13.
Which biomolecule is this a picture of?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
14.
Which biomolecule is this a picture of?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
15.
This organelle takes food and turns it into ENERGY for plant and animal cells.
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Lysosome
d)
Ribosome
16.
What organelle PRODUCES proteins?
a)
ribosomes
b)
centrioles
c)
lysosomes
d)
nucleus
17.
The function of this organelle is to store water. Large ones are found in plants. 
a)
Lysosome
b)
Golgi Body
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Vacuole
18.
Some cells, such as human nerve and muscle cells, contain many more mitochondria than do other cells, such as skin cells.  Why do some cells have more mitochondria than others?
a)
The cells use more energy
b)
The cells store more nutrients
c)
The cells degrade more proteins
d)
The cells divide more frequently
19.

These organelles in plants capture light energy and store it in glucose molecules to be used as food.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Vacuoles

20.

Which is true about Embryonic Stem Cells.

a)

They no longer grow, their cell type is set and can not change

b)

They are limited to the type of cell they can become

c)

They can become any cell type in the body

d)

They are found in adults

21.

Cells that have the ability to become any type of specialized cell in the body are called:

a)

cell membranes

b)

stem cells

c)

nerve cells

d)

cardiac cells

22.

The diagram shows the process of cell specialization from a single stem cell. Which of the following statements is true about the process of specialization.

a)

Specilized cells (blood, skin, nervous etc) cannot be produced from a single stem cell

b)

Specilized cells are produced immediately following fertilization

c)

Even though all the cells in an organism come from one single cell, they can specialize into different cell types

d)

Since all the cells in an organism come from one single cell, they must all have the same structure and function

23.
In what way is the DNA of a nerve cell different from the DNA of a muscle cell?
a)
The DNA is the same but each cell contains different genes
b)
The DNA is the same but different genes are turned on and turned off in each cell
c)
The DNA is different, but the same genes are turned on and off in each cell
d)
The DNA is different, but each cell contains the same genes
24.
All our cells, except sex cells like eggs or sperm, have ___________ DNA
a)
different
b)
similar
c)
exactly the same
d)
half the amount of 
25.
This cell is simple. Only genetic material, cytoplasm and ribosomes inside.
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
c)
Plant
d)
Animal
26.
In passive transport, molecules move from an area of __________ concentration to an area of __________ concentraiton
a)
high, low
b)
low, high
c)
water, salt
d)
active, passive
27.
Which of the following is a job of the cell membrane?
a)
Regulates which materials enter and leave the cell.
b)
Breaks apart lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foods.
c)
Stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates.
d)
Keeps the cell wall in place.
28.
The roots of a plant contain a high concentration of minerals and the soil contains a lower concentration.  The roots absorb minerals from the soil.  This is an example of
a)
passive transport.
b)
active transport.
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
29.
Cells sometimes use energy to transport materials across the cell membrane.  This is called
a)
photosynthesis
b)
osmosis
c)
cellular respiration
d)
active transport
30.

If a cell has 70% water and the solution it is in has 90% water, will it swell, shrink or stay the same?

a)

swell

b)

shrink

c)

stay the same

31.

If a cell has 90% water and the solution around it has 70% water, will it swell, shrink or stay the same?

a)

swell

b)

shrink

c)

stay the same

32.
What kind of cells are made in MEIOSIS?
a)
Haploid cells
b)
Diploid Cells
c)
Skin Cells
d)
Liver Cells
33.
Diploid Cells are represented by
a)
2n
b)
n
c)
4n
d)
1/2 n
34.
If the Diploid number of Carrots is 18, the haploid number is
a)
18
b)
9
c)
27
d)
36
35.
What phase is represented?
a)
metaphase 1
b)
metaphase 2
c)
anaphase 1
d)
anaphase 2
36.

Which of the following represents chromosome # during fertilization? sperm + egg = zygote

a)

n+n=2n

b)

n=n

c)

2n=n+n

d)

2n=2n

37.
A new organism is produced from one parent organism.
a)
Sexual Reproduction
b)
Asexual Reproduction
38.
Mitosis is a type of ________________ reproduction.
a)
Sexual
b)
Asexual
39.
Structure B is pointing to the _____. 
a)
chromosome
b)
centromere
c)
DNA
d)
chromatid
40.
During interphase the cell ___________.
a)
divides into two cells
b)
divides its nucleus
c)
replicates its DNA
d)
replicates the organelles within the cell
41.

What makes up the backbone of DNA molecules?

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Nitrogenous bases and phosphate groups

c)

Sugar and Phosphate groups

d)

Nitrogenous bases and sugars

42.

In DNA, Adenine pairs with...

a)

Guanine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Thymine

d)

Uracil

43.

Identify what structure is outlined in the BLACK outline.

a)

Base pair

b)

deoxyribose sugar

c)

phosphate group

d)

hydrogen bonds

e)

Nucleotide

44.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
45.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

46.

Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

47.

TRANSCRIBE this DNA sequence: TACGTTACT

a)

AUGCAAUGA

b)

ATGCAATGA

c)

AUGGATUGA

d)

TACGTTACT

48.

TRANSLATE this RNA sequence: AUGCAAUGA

a)

Met-Glu-Stop

b)

Met-His-Stop

c)

Thr-Glu-Stop

d)

Thr-Pro-Stop

49.

A DNA nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group, along with

a)

deoxyribose sugar and uracil

b)

ribose sugar and cytosine

c)

deoxyribose sugar and thymine

d)

ribose sugar and adenine

50.
What process is going on in this photo? 
a)
Transcription 
b)
Translation 
c)
Replication 
d)
All the above 

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