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CH 9 REVIEW: Mendelian Genetics

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Research during Mendel's time has established that the law of segregation during gamete formation

a)

applies to all asexually reproducing organisms

b)

applies to all forms of life

c)

applies to all sexually reproducing organisms

2.

Which of the following terms refers to a situation where a single phenotypic character is determined by the additive effects of two or more genes?

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

pleiotropy

d)

polygenic inheritance

3.

A carrier of a genetic disorder who does NOT show symptoms is most likely to be ________________ to transmit it to offspring

a)

homozygous for the trait and unable

b)

homozygous for the trait and able

c)

heterozygous for the trait and unable

d)

heterozygous for the trait and able

4.

Which of the following statements regarding genetic testing is FALSE?

a)

Carrier testing helps determine whether a person carries a potentially harmful disorder

b)

The screening of newborns can catch inherited disorders right after birth

c)

Genetic testing before birth requires the collection of fetal cells

d)

Most human genetic diseases are treatable if caught early.

5.

Sickle cell disease is an example of

a)

polygenic inheritance

b)

a trait with more than two alleles

c)

autosomal recessive inheritance

6.

Below are two statements. Which (if any) apply to the law of segregation? Which (if any) apply to the law of independent assortment?

I. Phenotypes for long tails and big eyes are inherited separately in lab mice

II. A baby mouse inherits a maternal red eye allele and a paternal black eye allele.

a)

I:independent assortment; II : segregation

b)

both segregation

c)

both independent assortment

d)

I. segregation; II independent assortment

7.

If A is dominant to a and B is dominant to b, what is the expected genotypic ratio of the cross AaBb x AaBb?

a)

9:3:3:1

b)

16:0:0:)

c)

1:1:1:1

d)

8:4:2:2

8.

The individual features of all organisms are the result of

a)

genetics and the environment

b)

the environment

c)

the environment and individual needs

d)

genetics

9.

Genes located close together on the same chromosome are referred to as __________________ and generally __________.

a)

linked; sort independently during meiosis

b)

linked; do NOT sort independently during meiosis

c)

codependent; do not sort independently during meiosis

10.

A testcross is

a)

a mating between an individual of unknown genotype and an individual homozygous for the trait of interest.

b)

a mating between two individuals heterozygous for the trait of interest

c)

a mating between an individual of unknown genotype and an individual heterozygous for the trait of interest.

11.

Sex -linked conditions are more common in men than women because

a)

the sex chromosomes are more active in men than women

b)

men need to inherit only one copy of the recessive allele for the condition to be fully expressed

c)

men acquire two copies of the defective gene during fertilization

d)

most genes associated with the sex-linked conditions are linked ot the Y-chromosome, which determines maleness

12.

Which of the following statements regarding genotype and phenotype is FALSE

a)

An organism with two different alleles for a single trait is said to be homozygous for that trait.

b)

The expressed physical traits of an organism are called its phenotype

c)

The genetic makeup of an organism constitutes its genotype

d)

Alleles are alternate forms of a gene

13.

All of the offspring of a cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant have pink flowers. This means that the allele for red flowers is _____________ to the allele for white flowers

a)

Incompletely dominant

b)

Dominant

c)

Codominant

14.

Which of the following data could be used to map the relative position of three genes on a chromosome?

a)

the frequencies with which the genes exhibit incomplete dominance over each other.

b)

the frequencies with which the genes are inherited from the mother and the father.

c)

the frequencies with which the corresponding traits occur together in offspring

d)

the frequencies of mutations in genes

15.

The presence of AB blood type illustrates the principle of

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

pleiotropy

d)

polygenioc inheritance

16.

Varieties of plants in which self-fertilization produces offspring that are identical to the parents are referred to as

a)

hybrids

b)

true-breeding

c)

the F2 generation

d)

monohybrid crosses

17.

The chromosome theory of inheritance states that

a)

the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization accounts for patterns of inheritance

b)

the behavior of chromosomes during mitosis accounts for inheritance patterns

c)

humans have 46 chromosomes

d)

chromosomes that exhibit mutations are the source of genetic variation

18.

The alleles of a gene are found at _________ chromosomes.

a)

the same locus on homologous

b)

different loci on homologous

c)

different on nonhomologous

d)

same locus on nonhomologous

19.

The mechanism that breaks the linkage between linked genes is

a)

crossing over

b)

codominance

c)

pleiotropy

d)

independent assortment

20.
In pea plants, the trait for tall stems is dominant over the trait for short stems. If two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, what percentage of the offspring would be expected to have the same phenotype as the parents?
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
21.
One of the parents of a child has phenylketonuria (PKU), which is caused by recessive alleles. The other parent does not have the PKU alleles. What is the chance that the couple will have a child with phenylketonuria?
a)
0%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
22.
The observable traits of an organism are known as its
a)
allele
b)
dominance
c)
phenotype
d)
genotype
23.
Each parent contributes one of the genes for a particular trait. The genes of the pair are called:
a)
variables
b)
gametes
c)
hybrids
d)
alleles
24.
Chromosomes that carry genes that code for the same products, such as hemoglobin or eye pigment, are said to be:
a)
homologous
b)
heterozygous
c)
heterogeneous
d)
homozygous
25.
In snapdragons, Tallness (T) is dominant to dwarfness (t). In a cross between two plants that are heterozygous for this trait, the percent of offspring expected to exhibit dwarfness is
a)
 25%
b)
100%
c)
50%
d)
0%
26.
In dragons, large scales (S) are dominant and small scales (s) are recessive. A dragon that is heterozygous for the trait is crossed with a dragon that has small scales. What should be the ratio of large-scaled dragons to small-scaled dragons among the offspring?
a)
1:2
b)
1:1
c)
2:1
d)
3:1
27.

Study of how traits are inherited

a)

Traits

b)

Genetics

c)

DNA

28.

Two identical alleles for the same trait.

a)

Heterozygous

b)

Homozygous

c)

Dominant

29.

Two different alleles for the same trait.

a)

Heterozygous

b)

Homonzygous

c)

Dominant

30.
In snapdragons, Tallness (T) is dominant to dwarfness (t). In a cross between two plants that are homozygous for the recessive allele, the percent of offspring expected to exhibit tallness is
a)
 25%
b)
 75%
c)
100%
d)
0%
31.
The color black is dominant in guinea pigs. The phenotypes of homozygous black guinea pigs and heterozygous black guinea pigs are:
a)
black
b)
gray
c)
BB and Bb
d)
white
32.
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that is controlled by a recessive allele. If a person suffering from CF were to marry an individual who is heterozygous for the trait, what % of their children could be expected to unaffected carriers of the trait? Ignore issues of sterility in persons with CF.
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
75%
d)
50%
33.
Tay Sachs disease is a fatal genetic disorder. Children born with this disorder generally die before they are five years old. A couple has had three children who died of Tay Sachs. About this couple it can safely be assumed that:
a)
 any children they have in the future will also die from this disease
b)
they are both heterozygous for the Tay Sachs trait
c)
 they are both homozygous for the Tay Sachs trait
d)
one is heterozygous and the other is homozygous for the Tay Sachs trait
34.
Mendel discovered principles of inheritance because he:
a)
 observed simultaneously all of the characteristics in which the parents differed
b)
 ignored all characteristics except a few markedly contrasting ones which he studied carefully
c)
studied only the offspring obtained from a single mating
d)
was smarter than any other scientist of his time
35.
The gene makeup of an organism for a particular trait is known as its
a)
dominance
b)
phenotype
c)
allele
d)
genotype
36.
In pea plants, the allele for green pods (G) is dominant and the allele for yellow pods (g) is recessive. A researcher crosses two green pea plants, and the in F1 generation, all of the offspring exhibit green pods. Can you determine the genotypes of both parents
a)
No, they could be Gg and GG OR GG and GG
b)
Yes, they are Gg and GG
c)
Yes, they are GG and GG
d)
 No, they could be Gg and Gg OR GG and Gg
37.
What do we call the result of the genotype (for example, the color of the peas)?
a)
Visible traits
b)
Physiotrait
c)
Genotype 2
d)
Phenotype
38.
The letters on the TOP AND SIDE of a punnett square represent ______________.
a)
The combination of alleles in offspring.
b)
The possible alleles given by the parents following meiosis.
c)
The genotype and phenotype of offspring.
d)
The results of genetic mutations in offspring.
39.
this image is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
40.
A breed of chicken shows codominance for feather color. One allele codes for black feathers, another codes for white feathers. The feathers of heterozygous chickens of this breed will be:
a)
all black
b)
all white
c)
all gray
d)
speckled black and white

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