WorksheetsChapter 7 Review
Total questions: 29
Worksheet time: 15mins
The earliest form of life known on Earth was:
leafy plants
bacteria
fossils
single-celled organisms
During the Paleozoic Era, the first organisms to live partly on land were:
insects
reptiles
amphibians
invertebrates
Which best describes the climates of Europe and North America during the 1.8 million years of the Quaternary Period?
hot and dry climates
cool and rainy periods followed by droughts
warm and mild climates
a series of ice ages followed by periods when the glaciers melted
What has the study of fossils allowed scientists to do?
describe past environments and the history of life
study present ocean temperatures at different depths
analyze the chemical composition of sedimentary rocks and minerals
predict which organisms will become extinct in the future
Which era was known a the, "Age of the Reptiles"?
Mesozioc
Cenozoic
Paleozoic
Precambrian
According to scientists, both Earth and the moon are...
about 1.6 billion years old
about 4.6 billion years old
about 9.6 billion years old
about 14 billion years old
The relative age of a rock is
its age compared with the ages of other rocks
less than the age of the fossils the rock contains
the number of years since the rock has formed
its age based on how much carbon-14 the rock contains
Geologists use radioactive dating to
determine the relative ages of rock layers
tell the difference between molds and casts
tell where one soil horizon ends and the next one begins
determine the absolute age of rocks
What are fossils?
molds and casts of organisms that live today
drawings of ancient animals and other organisms
footprints or burrows of small animals that live today
the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past
Originally, the geologic time scale placed Earth's rocks in order by
absolute dates
relative age
composition
decades and centuries
Which of the following substances is not able to preserve an entire organism?
ice
water
amber
sticky tar
The fossil record shows that millions of types of organisms have ___________ over time as the climate and other factors have changed.
become more complex
become less complex
evolved
never migrated
A type of organism is extinct if it...
no longer exists and will never again live on Earth
no longer exists but it can be brought back to life
still exists and will never again live on Earth
still exists and always will
The order of rock layers can be altered by
intrusions and carbon film
faults and index fossils
extrusions and trace fossils
unconformities and folding
The extinction of dinosaurs gave warm-blooded vertebrates called _________ a chance to become abundant.
reptiles
mammals
amphibians
hominids
A(n)______________ is a gap in the geologic record where some rock layers have been lost because of erosion.
unconformity
intrusions
extrusion
fault
A(n) __________ fossil forms when dissolved minerals replace the remains of an organism and then harden to form rock.
mold
cast
petrified
trace
Jawless fish were Earth's first _______, or animals with backbones.
invertebrate
vertebrate
fish
amphibian
Fossils usually occur in metamorphic rock.
True
False
The law of superposition helps geologists determine the absolute age of a rock layer.
True
False
Geologists divide Earth's long history into smaller units that make up the Geologic Time Scale.
True
False
Footprints and trails are examples of trace fossils.
True
False
Sometimes layers of rocks are overturned so much that the youngest rock layer may appear on the bottom, which is the reverse of what is ordinarily expected.
True
False
Use the diagram. Of the following, which rock layer is the youngest?
A
B
C
D
Use the diagram. Of the following, which rock layer is the oldest?
B
C
G
F
Use the diagram. Which of the following rock layers shows an unconformity?
A
E
F
G
What is happening in diagram 1?
Weathering and erosion wear down the whole area
More sedimentary rock layers form over the old, eroded surface.
Several sedimentary rock layers form over ancient rock
Forces within Earth cause large faults, and layers of the sedimentary rock shift
What is happening in diagram 2?
More sedimentary rock layers form over the old, eroded surface
Several sedimentary rock layers form over ancient rock
Finally, the Colorado River flows over the surface and cuts down through the layers of rock, forming the Grand Canyon
Forces within Earth cause large faults, and layers of the sedimentary rock shift
What is happening in diagram 5?
Weathering and erosion wear down the whole area
Several sedimentary rock layers form over ancient rock
The Colorado River flows over the surface and cuts down through the layers of rock, forming the Grand Canyon
Forces within Earth cause large faults, and layers of the sedimentary rock shift
