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Evolution and the History of Life

Total questions: 28

Worksheet time: 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

According to endosymbiotic theory, the nucleus of eukaryotic cells:

a)

Came about due to the DNA coiling and the edges hardening for protection.

b)

Was formed by folding of the membrane of a prokaryotic cell.

c)

Was formed by a different mechanism to the above three.

d)

Was another aerobic prokaryotic cell which was swallowed and lived in symbiosis with the first.

2.

The accumulation of heritable changes experienced by organisms and populations to adapt to variations in the environment and survive is known as:

a)

None of the above.

b)

Speciation.

c)

Biodiversity.

d)

Adaptation.

3.

Knowledge of which genetic processes made significant contributions to Darwinism?

a)

None of the above.

b)

Genetic recombination and mutation.

c)

Natural selection and crossbreeding.

d)

Crossovers and mutations.

4.

Among other adaptations, hominids have:

a)

A large brain and robust teeth.

b)

Small Teeth and a large brain.

c)

Strong teeth and a similar brain to other vertebrates.

d)

Relatively small teeth and brain.

5.

Is defined as the mechanism that causes new species to appear and which causes existing species to divide into two or more new species

a)

Speciation

b)

Biodiversity

c)

Adaptation

d)

Paleontological evidence

6.
Individuals that are well adapted to their environment will survive and produce:
a)
Fewer mutations
b)
Stronger genes
c)
More offspring
d)
Better traits
7.
You look at two species and see very similar DNA. What does this likely tell you?
a)
These are the same animal.
b)
These animals have a common ancestor.
c)
These animals are not likely related.
d)
These animals are likely becoming one species.
8.
Horse breeding for specific desired traits is an example of which type of evolutionary evidence?
a)
Artificial selection
b)
Embryology
c)
Fossils
d)
Biochemical molecules
9.
Lamarck’s theory of evolution includes the concept that new traits appear because:
a)
natural variation and natural selection.
b)
use and disuse
c)
the environment is unchanged
d)
the natural variations are present within a population.
10.
Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?
a)
individual
b)
population
c)
species
d)
fossil
11.
____ is when members of a species that are best suited for their environment survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other members of the species
a)
natural selection
b)
artificial selection
c)
speciation
d)
adaptation
12.
The differences among a species, like different bird beaks, are called
a)
theories
b)
variations
c)
adaptations
d)
genes
13.
This picture is an example of
a)
homologous structures
b)
embryological similarities
c)
analogous structures
d)
vestigial structures
14.

Where are hereditary traits stored in all organisms?

a)

In the blood

b)

In the brain

c)

In the DNA

d)

In the heart

15.

One female salmon can lay hundreds of eggs. Why doesn't the salmon population increase dramatically?

a)

Salmon reproduce asexually

b)

Most offspring do not grow up to reproduce

c)

Salmon eggs don't hatch

d)

Salmon are extinct

16.

The male and female black widow spider look very different. However, we know they are the same species because:

a)

They reproduce creating fertile offspring

b)

They reproduce creating infertile offspring

c)

They cannot reproduce

d)

They are not the same species

17.

The ability to walk upright on two legs is called:

a)

bipedalism

b)

quadropedalism

c)

bicyclepedalism

d)

tripedalism

18.

Modern humans and their closest relatives belong to the same family. Members of this family are called:

a)

hominids

b)

primates

c)

homo sapiens

d)

Lucy

19.
Endosymbiosis gave rise to which organelle(s)?
a)
Golgi bodies
b)
Chloroplasts and Mitochondria
c)
Ribosomes and Nuclei
d)
The rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
20.
Miller/Urey and other scientists have shown that:
a)
 Life on early Earth required material from space
b)
Cells survived in the primitive atmosphere
c)
Amino acids could be produced from inorganic molecules 
d)
Simple cells can be produced in a laboratory
21.
Which of the following was probably not present in the atmosphere of the primitive Earth? 
a)
Methane
b)
Oxygen
c)
Water
d)
Carbon dioxide
22.
Which rock layer most likely contains fossils of the most recently evolved organisms?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
23.
Which type of cell came first?
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
c)
Plant
d)
Both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells evolved around the same time
24.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
25.
The theory of Endosymbiosis explains...
a)
The origin of eukaryotes
b)
How species develop
c)
How bacteria evolved
d)
Why cells rely on one another
26.
Which of the following supports the hypothesis of an “RNA world” on early Earth?
a)
Some RNA molecules are important catalysts in modern cells.
b)
The oldest known fossils contain trace amounts of RNA.
c)
Single-stranded RNA molecules are linear and do not form three-dimensional shapes.
d)
RNA is the primary genetic material of many viruses.  
27.
Why do some scientists believe that RNA, rather than DNA, was the first genetic material?
a)
RNA probably mutated into DNA
b)
RNA has both information storage and catalytic properties.
c)
RNA can replicate more accurately than DNA.
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine.
28.

In Pasteur's experiment, which of the flasks had broth that remained clear? (no bacterial growth)

a)

Left flask

b)

Right flask

c)

Both flasks

d)

Neither flask

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