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DNA Structure & Function

Total questions: 30

Worksheet time: 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

DNA stands for

a)

double nitrogen acid

b)

ribonucleic acid

c)

deoxynitrogenous acid

d)

deoxyribonucleic acid

2.

DNA is composed of subunits called ___, linked together to form long chains.

a)

nitrogenous bases

b)

nucleotides

c)

hydrogen bonds

d)

phosphate groups

3.

Each nucleotide consists of ___.

a)

deoxyribose

b)

a phosphate group

c)

a nitrogenous base

d)

all of these

4.

In DNA, which of the following always pairs with adenine?

a)

adenine

b)

thymine

c)

cytosine

d)

guanine

5.

What type of bonds hold the nitrogen bases together in a DNA molecule?

a)

carbon bonds

b)

hydrogen bonds

c)

nitrogen bonds

d)

sulfur bonds

6.

The sugar in DNA is ___.

a)

ribose

b)

deoxyribose

c)

glucose

d)

sucrose

7.

The process of making two identical copies of DNA from one original is classed ___.

a)

DNA replication

b)

RNA replication

c)

DNA reproduction

d)

DNA transcription

8.

The enzyme ___ adds free nucleotides to the original nucleotides during replication.

a)

helicase

b)

polyase

c)

polymerase

d)

helium

9.

What would be the complement for the following base sequence: AGATCT?

a)

CTCAGA

b)

TCTAGA

c)

GAGCTC

d)

CTCGAG

10.

Watson and Crick discovered ___.

a)

the shape of DNA as a double helix

b)

human DNA is composed of billions of base pairs

c)

DNA carries genetic information

d)

that DNA replication is semi-conservative

11.

The sides of a DNA molecule are made of ___.

a)

adenine and thymine

b)

deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

c)

cytosine and guanine

d)

nitrogenous bases

12.

The function of DNA is to ___.

a)

make proteins

b)

transfer the genetic information to ribosomes

c)

carry the code for genetic information

d)

make sugars

13.

When DNA repicates, each new strand has half of the original nucleotides, making it ___.

a)

conservative

b)

anti-conservative

c)

semi-conservative

d)

semi-complementary

14.

The steps or "rungs" of the DNA molecule are made of ___.

a)

deoxyribose and phosphate

b)

hydrogen and phosphate

c)

nitrogenous bases

d)

ribose and deoxyribose

15.

Chromosomes are composed of DNA.

a)

True

b)

False

16.

An organism's traits are determined by the sequence of bases along certain proportions of DNA.

a)

True

b)

False

17.

What happens right after a DNA molecule is unzipped?

a)

Mismatched nucleotide bases are identified and replaced

b)

Free-floating nucleotides pair up with exposed bases

c)

Identical double-stranded DNA molecules are formed

d)

Enzymes break hydrogen bonds between base pairs

18.

The attachment of nucleotides to form complementary strand of DNA during replication ___.

a)

is accomplished by DNA polymerase.

b)

is the responsibility of the proofreading molecules.

c)

is accomplished only in the presence of tRNA.

d)

prevents separation of complementary strands of RNA.

19.

When new DNA molecules are formed, almost all errors are detected and fixed by ___.

a)

the correct nucleotide.

b)

the sugar-phosphate backbone.

c)

DNA polymerase.

d)

one DNA strand.

20.

___ is the organelle that helps form proteins.

a)

guanine

b)

ribosome

c)

mitochondria

d)

nucleus

21.

What enzyme helps form mRNA?

a)

RNA polymerase

b)

DNA polymerase

c)

uracil

d)

DNA

22.

___ is the sugar that forms the backbone of the RNA molecule.

a)

fructose

b)

glucose

c)

deoxyribose

d)

ribose

23.

RNA is ___ stranded.

a)

single

b)

double

c)

triple

24.

Transcribe the DNA segment into mRNA: AGC TAG

a)

UCG AUC

b)

UCG TAC

c)

TCG ATC

25.

A ___ RNA brings the amino acid to the ribosome to match with a codon.

a)

ribosomal

b)

messenger

c)

transfer

26.

DNA is ___ stranded.

a)

single

b)

double

c)

triple

27.

___ RNA makes up ribosomes and aids bonding amino acids for protein synthesis.

a)

Ribosomal

b)

Transfer

c)

Messenger

28.

DNA has the nitrogenous base ___.

a)

guanine

b)

uracil

29.

___ RNA has codons

a)

RIbosomal

b)

Transfer

c)

Messenger

30.

RNA has the nitrogenous base ___.

a)

thymine

b)

uracil