WorksheetsPentathlon Social Studies Quiz Pages 27-47
Total questions: 92
Worksheet time: 56mins
Plato's anatomical description of the human body in "Timaeus" is a three part system of the________. It is_________,____________, and ____________
heart; circulation (blood), bile (illness), bone (structure)
brain; intellect (head), emotion (heart), appetite (stomach)
soul; reason (head), spirit (chest), desire (gut)
spirit; bone (structure), blood (circulation), brain (reason)
Which of the following did Plato believe was true for both philosophers and physicians?
both want a balance between disruptive forces and good order
both considered "health" and "good order" to mean the same thing
both believed that disruptive forces were things like untamed appetites or emotions
all of the above
Who said the following and what does it mean? " Nature does nothing in vain."
Aristotle; Answers about the universe is already there. We just have to find them.
Plato; Nature was planned by a divine will and has purpose.
Socrates; Answers about the universe are already there. We just have to find them.
Hippocrates; Nature was planned by a divine will and has purpose.
What was Galen's motivation to study anatomy and philosophy?
He wanted to help the poor that were not receiving as much medical treatment as the rich
He wanted to become famous and prove himself to his family
He was a professor that wanted to learn the truth for his students.
He wanted to understand universal truths
Which 3 major "sects" of medical thinking existed in Galen's time ?
The Rationalists, the Methodists, and the Empirics
The Philosophers, the Physicians, and the Botanists
The Astronomers, the Alchemists, and the Philosophers
none of the above
All of the following are true about Galen EXCEPT:
He moved to Rome in midlife pursuing public dispute
He believed a medical practitioner should be trained in logic, physics, and method
He first worked as a physician to Greek gladiators
He made public disputes a spectacle
One of the "public spectacles" Galen performed in Rome was...
exposing the intestines of an ape and sewing them back in
cutting the heart out of an animal and sewing it back in
none of the above
all of the above
What was the result of Galen's fame
he shaped the perspective on medicine and medical history for centuries
He was able to combine the works and ideas from different places and authors into one source
all of the above
none of the above
What is the Hippocratic Oath?
Always save patients at all costs
First think of the patients needs
Always save the soul
First do no harm
All of the following are true about the Hippocratic oath EXCEPT:
The oath received a lot of attention during times when people lost confidence about the healthcare system
The oath talks about appropriate behavior for medical practitioners
It began to appear as part of graduation ceremonies in medical schools
The oath includes requirements such as honesty, confidentiality, and loyalty
Most Roman doctors were ________and were called________
slaves or ex-slaves, medici
aristocrats, medici
gladiators and soldiers, medici
philosophers, medici
The medici were able to do which of the following?
diagnose illnesses
perform dental work
remove small bones
all of the above
none of the above
What are compound drugs
a recipe with room for substitutions and modifications
an elite medicine made of more than 2 ingredients
a medicine with a specific recipe
a solution made with modifications for the patient
Which of the following is true about Theriac?
It was known as an antidote for scorpion bites and other poisons
It originated in Persia
King Mithridates never drank it for fear of poisoning
It was created as a pain medicine for women in labor
Galen believed in_______and opposed_________as an acceptable part of medical practice
Humoral theory, Astrology
Astrology, Divinations
Divination, Astrology
Astrology, Humoral theory
Divination is...
observing the ocean patterns to determine cause and effect relationships
observing the patterns in stars to predict cause and effect relationships
observing flight patterns in birds to predict future outcomes
none of the above
Valetudinarium comes from...
the Latin term valetudo (meaning health)
the Greek term valetunari (meaning house)
the Latin term valinari (meaning home)
the Greek term valedictor (meaning healthy)
All of the following is true about the valetudinarium EXCEPT:
the Roman military adopted a similar system for taking care of their soldiers
medici would take care of sick slaves in the valetudinarium
this was a place devoted to taking care of sick aristocrats
special rooms were set aside to be the valetudinarium
Valetudinariums were built in a way to limit the number of patients in a room, increase natural light, and improve ventilation. Why did they do this?
to stop cross contamination of germs
the idea of miasmatic disease
to stop the spread of viruses through touch
the idea of medical treatises and disease
What are miasmas?
a disease in which the patient dies from seizures
rotted wood from water damage and fungus
a liquid medicine made of 97 compounds
noxious vapors from decaying plant or animal matter
Which of the following DID NOT happen in a valetudinarium?
minor surgery
prayers and rituals
amputations
labor and delivery
In the valetudinarium, _____________was considered a sign of healing and ________________was considered a sign of corruption of the wound.
yellow colored discharge, gangrene
laudable pus, abscesses
gangrene, dark colored pus
abscesses, abscesses
How would a corrupted wound be treated in a valetudinarium?
hot pitch and turpentine would be used to burn it away
the wound would be covered in salves and ointments
the wound would be cut out and replaced
all of the above
none of the above
The period historians refer to as "late antiquity" ended with the decline and fall of the Roman Empire....
between 400s and 476CE
between 500s and 648CE
between 600s and 547CE
between 700s and 345CE
The medieval period or the Middle Ages was between...
400 and 1400CE
500 and 1500CE
600 and 1600CE
700 and 1700CE
After the fall of the Roman Empire, what helped to unify the people across the Mediterranean to Africa and Arabia?
The conflict in Constantinople and the increase of Persian wealth.
The organization of Greco-Roman writings and the decline of modern day Turkey.
The rise and spread of Islam and having a common language: Arabic.
The city of Baghdad unifying the medical treatises
All of the following are true about the Islamic Golden Age EXCEPT:
Islam was known for their hospitals called Perumiristans
It continued from the 700s CE until the Mongol invasions
Persian wealth created funds to support scholarship
Baghdad became known for having medical texts from all over the world.
Bimaristan means....
doctor of health
health
home
house for the sick
Who introduced the description of small pox, cataract surgeries, and new ideas about human and animal anatomies to Western medicine?
Latin-Arabic scholars
Jewish-Christian scholars
Greco-Roman scholars
Arab-Islamic scholars
Rhazes was a famous Muslim physician. What was he famous for?
helping Humoral theory come to Western medicine
Writing about anatomy, diagnosis, and surgery
translating medical texts into Latin
All of the above
Ibn Sina was a famous Muslim physician known for
writing about anatomy, pharmacology, and surgery
bringing Humoral theory to Western medicine
translating medical texts in to Arabic
all of the above
Most writing on ancient Greek medicine has survived into modern day. How did this happen?
Greek texts were translated into Latin which was the official language of the Christian Church
Trade and war allowed the sharing of knowledge over time
Greek texts were preserved by Arabic leaders in one central location.
all of the above
Who was Thomas Aquinas?
a pagan from 1140-23
a philosopher from 800-36
a medical practitioner from 1300-54
a theologian from 1225-74
Why was Thomas Aquinas important?
He said that the senses could be used to gain knowledge about God
He supported many projects to discover natural laws
He was an influential thinker that offered answers to the medieval Church scholars
all of the above
What is scholasticism?
the teaching of Christianity
the teaching of writing and doctrine
the teaching of theology
none of the above
All of the following is true about hospitals EXCEPT
at first hospitals referred to houses that welcomed travelers
By 1200 "hospital" started to mean a place that cared for the sick rich people
Hospitals were a form of charity
Christian and Jewish teachings contributed to the development of hospitals
Why did hospitals have an important place in the teachings of the medieval church?
The symbolism of Christ the healer was an influence
Priests would often teach about observing nature and using what they learned to heal others
Most hospitals were once abandoned churches now being used as hospitals
The medicalization of the hospital through the church took a fairly short amount of time due to the idea of charity.
all of the above
Why was the sick mostly housed around shrines during medieval time?
Shrines usually had holy relics that they were hoping would help with a miracle
Faith healing was often performed at a shrine
The Christian doctrine linked the suffering of Jesus to the concept of charity-which encouraged the spread of shrines
all of the above
What was a lazar house?
It was a place for people to be cared for during the plague
It was named after a biblical place Jesus had visited
a place where physical illness had priority over the soul
all of the above
none of the above
Why was the medieval period also referred to as the "Dark Ages"?
It was a time of lots of death and destruction caused by diseases with few cures
It was a time when most of the architecture and art focused on evil and the destruction of man through sin
It was a time when the church's influence seemed to make medical and scientific progress go backwards
none of the above
In the 1390s an Italian couple was struggling with infertility. They were given a belt with "magical" powers and were told to say Christian prayers. This was an example of:
a holy relic
advances in the scientific revolution
a magico-religious remedy
a remedy found in a lazar house
Which factors helped important developments during the Scientific Revolution?
Some of the religious universities like Oxford and Cambridge were offering an education in medicine
the universities were teaching medicine and Western Europe grew in wealth
Western Europe grew in population and more hospitals were built
all of the above
What types of education could a medieval physician have?
a few years of work under the supervision of an experienced doctor, experience in surgery, and alchemy
studies on human/animal dissection, a few years of work under the supervision of a senior doctor, and philosophy
studies on religious text/prayers, studies on human/animal dissection, and astrology
studies on alchemy, philosophy, and astrology
Which of the following was true about university trained physicians during medieval times?
They would work in the city where wealthy patients lived
Women were not allowed to train to become physicians
Physicians would use apothecaries to help their patients with less money
both a and b
all of the above
What was the difference between the Hippocratics versus the Galen physicians?
The Hippocratics focused on the four-humor theory to help patients. Galen physicians focused on diet and lifestyle changes to balance health.
The Hippocratics focused on dissection and minor surgery to help patients. Galen physicians used the four-humor theory to balance health.
The Hippocratics focused on diet and lifestyle changes to balance health. Galen physicians focused on the four-humor theory to help patients.
The Hippocratics focused on the four-humor theory to help patients. Galen physicians focused on dissection and minor surgery to help patients.
Galen believed that when bodies became ill, it was because there was an imbalance to the four humors. What are the four humors?
yellow bile, black bile, phlegm, and blood
pus, bile, blood, and phlegm
black blood, yellow bile, green phlegm, and pus
yellow pus, bile, phlegm, and blood
What medical practices did the four-humor theory lead to?
blood withdrawal, surgery, puking, and cupping
puking, bloodletting, innoculation, and cupping
purging, puking, bloodletting, and cupping
none of the above
What was the purpose of "cupping" and using leeches during the medieval times?
They were both used to create a vacuum through heat and blood to refill the body with "healthier" biles
Both were ways to observe the responses to make decisions about patient care
They were both used to clear the body of unnecessary humors and to help the body process new ones
Both were ways used to balance the humors according to Galen
All of the following is true about physicians that followed the Hippocratic principles during the medieval times EXCEPT:
they conducted physical examinations and listened to a person's medical history before making a diagnosis.
They performed a uroscopy which included the observation and tasting of a patient's urine to check for disease
They took a patient's pulse and observed the patient
They used cupping to create a vacuum in the flesh to aid healing and questioned the patient about their lifestyle habits
How was mathematics used in medieval medicine practice?
They would look at the patterns and frequency of things like fevers
They would add the amount of times a patient had to take part in blood lettings and cuppings
They would add the amount of times a patient had fevers and subtract the amount of times they went in for treatment to diagnose
They would search for patterns and the frequency of imbalances in the humors.
How was Astrology used in the practice of medieval medicine?
It was used to predict the future through communication with the dead
It was used to align treatment plans with the stars and planets
It was used to see a connection between the planets and the humors and organs
none of the above
Most medieval surgery was done on___________
the military
the poor
the wealthy
the slaves
Why did apothecaries become the first ones to create a guild?
They wanted to pass on trade secrets
They wanted to protect and keep some of their trade secrets
They wanted to lessen competition
all of the above
Where does the word "apothecaries" come from?
apotherium meaning house of the sick
apoterica meaning drugs
apocaritio medicaments
apotheca meaning storehouse
What were apothecaries?
a place that would buy drugs in bulk
a place that would prepare surgical tools
a place that would work separately from physicians
all of the above
none of the above
What were the differences between university-educated physicians and a surgeon during the medieval times?
surgeons had higher status while physicians were pushed out of medical schools and into lower guilds
physicians had higher status while surgeons were pushed out of medical schools and into lower guilds
physicians were paid more and compensated while surgeons were paid less and had to provide their own tools
surgeons were paid more and compensated while physicians were paid less and had to provide their own tools
All of the following was true about medieval apothecaries EXCEPT:
they provided a place of rest for ill patients
people could purchase medicinal compounds from an apothecary without seeing a physician first
apothecaries gave medical advice and a diagnosis to patients
apothecaries sold spices, herbs, oils, and they worked with surgeons
What was a medieval barber-surgeon?
A person experienced in giving you an enema, a leeching, and a haircut!
Someone that could give you a shave, haircut, or bloodletting!
A person able to cut your hair then perform minor surgery on you!
None of the above....I mean who would do those things together?!
When were the first reports of the plague reported and spread across Italy, France, Spain, and Portugal?
The 1340s
The 1450s
The 1500s
The 1630s
Pandemic means...
an uncontrollable disease without a cure
a form of cancer without a cure
the spread of a disease from animal to human host
the widespread outbreak of a disease
The plague was also known as...
Ebola
Crimea
The Black Death
The Deadly Nightshade
Why did the plague spread so quickly across Europe in the 1300s?
Travel with boats across ports and trading routes led to exposure
Trading of sick animals contaminating the water supplies infecting everyone
The sharing of water, clothing, and food among sick people caused the illness to spread
The burying of the dead contaminated the soil making the food poisonous.
In the 19th century, what caused investigations into the Black Death?
The idea of the putrid air theory
The suggestion of the germ theory
The discovery of DNA
The four Humor theory
During the ________, DNA extraction techniques were being used to find the cause of the bubonic plague.
1680s
1720s
1880s
1990s
The bacterium named ____________was the cause of the bubonic plague.
Yeseti bacaris
Belavi Pestis
Black Death
none of the above
Historians stated that all of the following were true about the plague EXCEPT:
the plague spread slowly
30% of the population would usually die within the year of a plague outbreak
symptoms of the plague included sores in the mouth and nostrils
a person infected would typically have bad breath
What resulted in people's fears of the plague?
Jewish people were blamed for trying to spread the plague by poisoning wells
Jewish people were burned alive in France because people blamed them for the plague
penitents wandered around towns beating themselves in hopes of making up for their sins and stopping the plague
all of the above
Giovanni Boccaccio was known for....
his discovery of the germ theory
for writing about what people experienced during the plague
for writing about how people could atone for their sins to make the plague go away
his discovery of DNA
What were some of the socioeconomic impacts of the plague?
due to the lower population, resources were more scarce resulting in the higher cost of food
physicians became wealthier due to the rise in need for them while poor people suffered even more
skilled labor was more valuable, some laborers became wealthier as a result
none of the above
How did the plague affect medieval medicine?
physicians realized how limited they were in treating diseases
quarantines caused further spread of the plague resulting in lower populations
hospitals began to double as morgues for the dead
all of the above
none of the above
How did Greco-Romans view disease control?
They discussed quarantine and inoculations as means to control a disease
They discussed human nature and looked more at the individual instead of medical science
They used Lazar Houses to attempt to cure diseases using science and observation
They believed that the poor should be taken care of by the aristocrats due to a sense of charity
Plato and Aristotle used________,__________,__________ to explore human nature.
anatomy, humoral theory, and dissection
dissection, politics, and economics
anatomy, humoral theory, and philosophy
philosophy, anatomy, and politics
Galen shared the ideas of Hippocrates. However, what he said differed from Hippocrates. Why did Galen do this?
He wanted to convince others that his theories were better than Hippocrates
He discovered better methods than Hippocrates for inquiry and he wanted to share them through comparison
He wanted to use Hippocrates important reputation to help him promote his career and the position of a physician
all of the above
After the fall of the Roman Empire in 400sCE...
Arab-Islamic medicine grew and so did European medicine
Greco-Roman medicine grew while European medicine did not
European medicine grew while Arab-Islamic medicine did not
Arab-Islamic medicine grew while European medicine did not.
European universities began to appear...
around 800CE
around 900CE
around 1000CE
around 1100CE
By 1000CE European Universities were very influenced by
the teachings of the Roman Christian church
the teachings of Eastern religions such as Buddhism
the teachings of Judaism
the teachings of Islam
In 1453, the city of Constantinople fell. This was important to historians because
it divided the late modern period from the early medieval period
it divided the medieval period from the early modern period
It began the Euro-Asian Renaissance
It ended the Greco-Roman Renaissance
Why was Nicolaus Copernicus important?
a) He published a book called about man and their philosophical place in the Universe
b) He challenged Church teachings at the time and helped to begin the Scientific Revolution
c) He developed new ways to observe the body and test for disease
both a and b
all of the above
Who is credited for the invention of the printing press? (The ability to transfer images and words to another surface)
Johannes Gutenberg
Andreas Vesalius
Leonardo Da Vinci
Nicolaus Copernicus
Why was the invention of the printing press important?
a) printed books were possible
b) It allowed the European middle class to read more books
c) wood and ceramic were in more demand once the press was invented
both a and b
all of the above
Gutenberg is credited for inventing the printing press, but he wasn't what was called a "singular genius". What is a "singular genius"?
the idea that an inventor could recognize the opportunities around him/her and take advantage of them
the idea that one group of people was responsible for the spread of an invention
the idea that more than one person was responsible for the creation of an invention
the idea that one person alone was responsible for the creation of an invention
All of the following is true about Andreas Vesalius EXCEPT:
he was an author and anatomist
He studied in Paris and became a dissector
was known for writing a book called De Fabrica. It illustrated the human body in great detail.
He inspired other pharmacologists to look more closely herbal remedies for anatomical problems
famous for being the first scientist during the Renaissance to open a human body to study anatomy
Who saw the body and the cosmos as machines and believed that everything in creation had a purpose that could be known?
Johannes Gutenberg
Andreas Vesalius
Leonardo Da Vinci
Nicolaus Copernicus
Da Vinci believed in the Arab-Islamic interpretations of a person's spirit called, "pneuma". Which of the following is true about pneuma according to Da Vinci?
it gives the body its energy
it moves thoughts and emotions
it moves the muscles in the body
all of the above
none of the above
Which of the following is true about William Harvey?
he is known for his work on Embryology
he is known for his work on blood circulation
he studied at Harvard University
all of the above
none of the above
Which of the following is true about Hieronymous Fabricius?
he is known as being the "Father of Embryology"
he compared the anatomy of different animals in his research
he used empirical methods to understand his subjects of study
all of the above
none of the above
How did Harvey discover that blood is circulated through the body?
He performed a vivisection and discovered that the amount of blood forced through the heart in an hour was more than the amount of blood in the entire body
He studied the anatomy of human hearts and discovered that several valves lead to the rest of the body which infers that blood is being circulated to many different parts
After performing autopsies on many different animals, he discovered that the similarities between human and animal functioning of the digestive system lead to blood circulation
none of the above
The famous book that Harvey wrote about how the arteries and blood in the veins are connected is called_______________.
The Heart Revealed
De Fabrica
De Motu Cordis
Vivisection and Anatomy
The connection between the arteries and blood being circulated through the body was proven...
when the stethoscope was invented and the heart and blood flow were able to be heard
when the stethoscope was invented and the circulatory system was heard
when the microscope was invented and veins were discovered
when the microscope was invented and capillaries were discovered
_____________used the microscope because he believed _________
Galileo, that the universe and the body were parts of a great machine that could be understood with close observation
Nicholas Culpeper, that the microscope was a "window from god" that would help man to better understand the body
Rene Descartes, that the soul was separate from the body and the microscope provided a way for man to understand the body
Marcello Malpighi, that the body was a machine that could be seen with a powerful enough lens
All of the following are true about Paracelsus EXCEPT:
he burned copies of books by Rene Descartes
his type of medicine was mostly supported by the European Aristocrats and royalty
he found new approaches to chemical medicine
he looked for "divinely" made plants and minerals to make his own medicine
he was highly influenced by the Protestant Reformation
What was the effect of Nicholas Culpeper's published book, "Culpeper's Herbal"
he provided people with medical remedies that were easy to get
he helped regular people get access to medical information
he made the practice of medicine cheaper for the poor people that could not afford their own doctors
all of the above
