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Forensic DNA analysis REVIEW!

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The purpose of PCR
a)
cutting DNA
b)
creating RFLPs
c)
amplifying/copy DNA
d)
reversing the charge of DNA
2.
If base-pairing rules state that Adenine always pairs with Thymine, and Cytosine pairs with Guanine, what would be the complementary strand to ACGGT?
a)
ACGGT
b)
TGGCA
c)
TGCCA
d)
ACCGT
3.
What enzyme is used during PCR to pair complementary bases to the template strand?
a)
Thermonuclease
b)
Helicase
c)
DNA Polymerase
d)
RNA Polymerase
4.
How do scientists cut DNA into smaller strands?
a)
restriction enzymes
b)
scissors
c)
ligase
d)
agarose
5.
Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
6.
The computerized database used to store DNA information is: 
a)
AFIS
b)
NIBIN
c)
CODIS
d)
PDQ
7.
Biologists need additional copies of a DNA fragment. What tool should they use?
a)
Gel Electrophoresis
b)
PCR
c)
Restriction enzymes
d)
This isn't possible
8.
Where is DNA found in the body?
a)
Cells nucleus
b)
Heart
c)
Cartilage
d)
Muscle
9.
Pattern of DNA fragments obtained by examining a person's unique sequence of DNA base pairs is?
a)
PCR
b)
Chromosome
c)
Electrophoresis
d)
DNA Fingerprinting
10.
Which DNA strands move the fastest through the gel when the electricity is turned on?
a)
The long strands
b)
The short strands
c)
The medium strands
d)
They all move the same
11.
What is the charge of DNA?
a)
positive
b)
negative
c)
neutral
12.
Mr. Jones was killed in a car accident.  Afterwards, a former girlfriend filed a paternity suit claiming that Mr. Jones was the father of her child, and thus she was entitled to the man’s estate.  Which sample of DNA would have to be from Mr. Jones if he were the child’s father? 
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
5
13.
A boy moves to another country to live with his father.  Years later, the boy decides to move back to live with the woman who raised him.  Immigration officials suspected that the boy was the woman’s nephew, not her son, and therefore not legally entitled to residency.  Based on the DNA fragments, is it possible that she is the boy’s mother?
a)
Yes
b)
No
14.
Bob was found dead in his home.  Crime scene analysis showed signs of a struggle.  Blood was collected from the crime scene, the victim, and three suspects.  Which suspect likely committed the crime? 
a)
Sue
b)
Lisa
c)
John
d)
None of these
15.

What technique allows DNA to be copied outside a living cell?

a)

electrophoresis

b)

PCR

c)

STR

d)

RFLP

16.

Which of the following is FALSE?

a)

Humans share a large percentage of their DNA with other organisms and even plants, like bananas.

b)

Much of the human genome is “junk” DNA, which codes for nothing at all.

c)

All of the letter sequences in DNA code for the production of proteins.

d)

Proteins are produced by combining amino acids according to the DNA sequence.

17.

DNA fragments can be sorted according to their size by the technique of ___________

a)

PCR

b)

electrophoresis

c)

STR

18.

What does CODIS stand for?

a)

Crazy Old Dogs Intimidate Snakes

b)

Convicted Offender DNA Index System

c)

Combined DNA Index System

d)

Cameron Occasionally Dreams Instead of Studying

19.

What is the special protein that targets a specific base sequence and cuts DNA into smaller fragments?

a)

Gene

b)

DNA Probe

c)

Exon

d)

Restriction Enzyme

20.

If two double-stranded DNA molecules are used at the beginning of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process, how many double-stranded DNA molecules can be obtained after two cycles?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

8

d)

32

21.

On an electropherogram, alleles are represented by...

a)

peaks on a graph

b)

letters like AA or Aa

c)

blue dots on a test strip

d)

band on an autorad

22.

If there is only one allele (one peak) on the electropherogram for a particular locus, what does that tell you about the genotype?

a)

the genotype is heterozygous

b)

the genotype is codominant

c)

the genotype is homozygous

d)

the person did not inherit any allesl for that STR loci

23.

How many STR regions are analyzed for CODIS in the U.S.?

a)

2

b)

10

c)

15

d)

13

24.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
25.

Which region of the DNA sequence below is repeated 3 times in the following sequence:


TGCACGATCATCATCATAGCCCT

a)

TCA

b)

TGC

c)

CAT

d)

TAG

26.

On human chromosomes, the locus (location) marked AMEL is a person's:

a)

gender

b)

eye color

c)

age

d)

race

27.

At a particular STR locus on a person's chromosomes, if they have 2 DIFFERENT lengths of the STR repeat, how is it calculated for frequency? The multiplication process is:

a)

2x (1st # of repeats x 2nd # of repeats)

b)

2x (# of repeats)

c)

2x (# of repeats2)

d)

(# of repeats2)

28.

Who is credited for discovering DNA fingerprinting?

a)

Watson & Crick

b)

Edmond Locard

c)

Rosalind Franklin

d)

Alec Jeffreys

29.

The STR segments on your DNA are inherited from your parents. So for each STR segment you have __ alleles.

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

30.
Bob was found dead in his home.  Crime scene analysis showed signs of a struggle.  Blood was collected from the crime scene, the victim, and three suspects.  Which suspect likely committed the crime? 
a)
Sue
b)
Lisa
c)
John
d)
None of these
31.
Which male is the father of this child?
a)
Male 1
b)
Male 2
c)
Neither could be the father
d)
Either could be the father
32.
Which man is the father of this baby?
a)
Father 1
b)
Father 2
c)
Father 3
d)
None of them
33.
Which suspect is likely guilty?
a)
Suspect #1
b)
Suspect #2
c)
Suspect #3
34.
Which man is the father of child #2 (5th Column)?
a)
Male #1
b)
Male #2
c)
Neither Is likely
35.
DNA is recovered from a suspected dead soldier.  Which Parents are the likely parents of the soldier?
a)
Parents C and D
b)
Parents E and F
c)
Parents A and B
d)
Parents G and H
36.
What is the relationship between this child and parents?
a)
Biological to mom
b)
Biological to dad
c)
Biological to both
d)
Biological to neither
37.
Which suspect’s DNA matches the felon’s DNA left at the crime scene?
a)
Suspect 1
b)
Suspect 2
c)
Suspect 3
38.
DNA fingerprinting works because
a)
Most genes are dominant
b)
All organisms contain RNA
c)
The most important genes are different among most people
d)
No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 
39.

Mitochondrial DNA is inherited from:

a)

Just mom

b)

both parents

40.
During PCR, the temperature is increased separate DNA strands, what is this step called?
a)
Extension
b)
Contamination
c)
Annealing
d)
Denaturation
41.

If two double-stranded DNA molecules are used at the beginning of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process, how many double-stranded DNA molecules can be obtained after two cycles?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

8

d)

32

42.

Which region of the DNA sequence below is repeated 3 times in the following sequence:


TGCACGATCATCATCATAGCCCT

a)

TCA

b)

TGC

c)

CAT

d)

TAG

43.

DNA can be degraded or destroyed by ...

a)

moisture

b)

heat

c)

sunlight

d)

all answers

44.

Type of DNA that varies most among individuals and is used to create DNA fingerprints.

a)

non-coding DNA

b)

coding DNA

c)

Deoxyribose

d)

hydrogen bonds

45.

When considering the sugar phosphate backbone structure of DNA from various sources; are there any differences?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

Not enough information to answer

46.

Do all samples of DNA contain the same bases?

a)

No - all individuals have different bases

b)

Yes - if the DNA comes from identical twins

c)

Yes - but the base sequencing varies among individuals

d)

I don't remember what bases actually are

47.

How do restriction enzymes know which portion of DNA to cut?

a)

They always cut between GA in the GATTC sequence

b)

They look for a specific sequence within the bases and then cut between specific bases

c)

The primer attaches to a portion of the DNA and signals the restriction enzyme to cut

d)

This process is random every time

48.

EcoRI always cuts between GA in the sequence GAATTC. How many fragments of DNA would result in the digestion of the following sequence: ATGAATTCTCAATTACCT?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

49.

How would you correctly indicate the size of the following DNA fragment: AATTCGCTAGTA

a)

12"

b)

12mm

c)

12bp

d)

12μm

50.

DNA can have forensic value even if it is decades old.

a)

true

b)

false

51.

This picture shows the physical structure of a DNA molecule. What is the name of this structure?

a)

double ladder

b)

twisted spiral

c)

double helix

d)

spiral twist

52.

DNA can place a person at a crime scene, even if they claim they have never been there.

a)

True

b)

False

53.

Which of the following statements are true about DNA. CHECK ALL THAT APPLY!

a)

DNA contains genetic information.

b)

The order and sequence of adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine determine an organism's genetic code.

c)

All living things have DNA.

d)

DNA is found on chromosomes located in the nucleus of cells.

54.

DNA evidence can do all of the following except

a)

refute a claim of self-defense

b)

identify when a suspect was at a crime scene

c)

link two or more crime scenes

d)

corroborate an alibi

55.

Alternate forms of a trait (the possibilities) are called

a)

alleles

b)

loci

c)

lysosomes

d)

chromosomes

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