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Age of Industry and Frontier test

Total questions: 38

Worksheet time: 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Infer from the image above what caused the decline in the buffalo population between 1870 and 1889?

a)

many buffalo started roaming east

b)

buffalo were being hunted which caused a decrease in the population

c)

a disease caused many buffalo to die

d)

Native Americans stopped breeding buffalo

2.

What problem arose as settlers moved west onto the frontier?

a)

Texas settlers were moving into Native American territory, destroying the Native American way of life.

b)

Texas settlers wouldn’t share their crops with Native Americans.

c)

Native Americans offered to surrender land to the settlers.

d)

Texas settlers appreciated the cultural differences between them and Native Americans.

3.

Quanah Parker refused to sign the Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek, along with many other Native American chiefs. What was the importance of the treaty and why would Parker refuse?

a)

Qunah Parker refused to accept Anglo American culture.

b)

Quanah Parker adopted western dress to show his tribe a different mind set that would ensure the survival of Comanche culture.

c)

Native Americans were jealous of Texas settlers.

d)

Texas settlers were racist against Native Americans.

4.

Based on the image above, which of the following answer choices best reflect conflicts occurring after the Civil War?

a)

he US Mexican War

b)

Reconstruction

c)

buffalo soldiers fought with the Native Americans

d)

Mexican conflict on the border

5.

How did the United States Army utilize ‘Buffalo Soldiers’ during the West Texas Wars?

a)

The US Army instructed ‘Buffalo Soldiers’ to kill off the many herds of buffalo destroying the plains.

b)

The ‘Buffalo Soldiers’ were the African American troops utilized to fight against the Native Americans that remained on the plains.

c)

The ‘Buffalo Soldiers’ guarded the supplies in the Native American reservations.

d)

The US Army asked the ‘Buffalo Soldiers’ to interpret between US Representatives and Native Americans.

6.

Which statement below reflects the life of a cowboy?

a)

glamorous

b)

short work days

c)

luxurious vacations

d)

lonely and exhausting

7.

The brief period of ranching cattle on the open range made cowboys a popular genre in movies, music, and books. Cowboys were often portrayed in these formats as big, Anglo American men, sometimes as outlaws who were quick to use a pistol, living a life that others envied. However, we know that cowboys actually-

a)

were all women hiding from the law, transporting herds for higher wages.

b)

lived exactly like western movies portrayed them, as men who took the law into their own hands and conquered the west.

c)

lived a very difficult life, with low wages, seasonal work that was sometimes dangerous, and were mostly Mexican American or African American.

d)

were all slaves at one point, and in debt to ranchers who held them on work contracts.

8.

According to the map above, what feature of cattle trails made them vital to the transportation of cattle to eastern markets?

a)

crossing rivers

b)

eastward direction

c)

nearness of forts

d)

connections to railroads

9.

Based on the map above, which trail would drivers from the San Antonio area most likely use to take cattle to market?

a)

Western Trail

b)

Chisholm Trail

c)

Goodnight Loving Trail

d)

Shawnee Trail

10.

What did the expansion of the railroads bring to the frontier?

a)

population growth

b)

sharecropping

c)

lumber industry

d)

increased oil prices

11.

?

Established Texas Railroad Commission

Brought Populism to Texas

Introduced Anti-Trust Laws

Dismantled the Texas Traffic Association

a)

Stephen F. Austin

b)

Sam Houston

c)

Davy Crockett

d)

James Hogg

12.

The Populist Party was also called the

a)

Party of the Past Time

b)

Party of Republicans

c)

Party of the People

d)

Party of the Democrats

13.

Why was populism the political party of the common person?

a)

Everyone in Texas was a populist, so it was nicknamed populism

b)

It was the most popular view of Texas politics.

c)

Gave a political voice for the common person, like the farmer.

d)

They demanded regulation of small business.

14.

How had the state’s railway network changed by 1900?

a)

Two transcontinental railways connected to reach all parts of the state.

b)

Few railroads crossed the state, making travel slow.

c)

Only transcontinental railway tracks were built.

d)

Expansion was slow because land for tracks was hard to obtain.

15.

How did the production of cotton affect the economic situation for cities and towns in Texas?

a)

People wanted more variety in their fabric choices.

b)

All farmers who grew cotton were wealthy.

c)

A poor crop meant hard times for the entire community, but a profitable crop provided goods and services to the people.

d)

It hurt the economy because there was not a market for cotton in Texas.

16.

“After freedom, we worked on shares awhile. Then we rented. When we worked on shares, we couldn’t make nothing, just overalls and something to eat. Half went to the other man and you would destroy your half if you weren’t careful. A man that didn’t know how to count would always lose. He might lose anyhow. They didn’t give no itemized statement. No, you just had to take their word. They never give you no details. They just say you owe so much. No matter how good account you kept, you had to go by their account and now, Brother, I’m tellin‘ you the truth about this. It’s been that way for a long time. You had to take the white man’s work on note, and everything. Anything you wanted, you could git if you were a good hand. You could git anything you wanted as long as you worked. If you didn’t make no money, that’s all right; they would advance you more. But you better not leave him, you better not try to leave and get caught. They’d keep you in debt.”


The quote above illustrates which of the following?

a)

he life of an escaped slaves in the Underground Railroad.

b)

The difficulty of sharecroppers and tenant farmers to work their way out of a cycle of poverty and debt.

c)

The way that African American citizens became equal economically.

d)

How African American citizens earned their rights to become land owners.

17.

Barbed wire was a ‘new’ technology at the time that allowed farmers and ranchers to fence off their own land. This development caused which of the following?

a)

an increase in cattle drives and open trails to move cattle to market

b)

the close of the open range, making it harder to drive cattle to railheads

c)

a decrease in the size of herds

d)

a large number of cows were stolen and sold by cattle thieves

18.

Which of the following explains why cotton prices began to decline in Texas in the late 1800s?

a)

competition from African American farmers

b)

the invention of the cotton gin

c)

paying for workers since slavery was abolished

d)

too much cotton was being produced, and there was not enough demand

19.

The increase of tenant farming in Texas was a direct result of:

a)

the abolition of slavery

b)

the increase of westward expansion

c)

the growth of the cotton industry with ‘modern’ technology

d)

all of the above

20.

What major source of transportation replaced wagons?

a)

automobiles

b)

railroads

c)

steamboats

d)

airplanes

21.

What did the growth of railroads lead to in Texas?

a)

commercial farming boomed

b)

new cities sprang up along the railroads

c)

the end of cattle drives and open range

d)

all of the above

22.

Today we still use railroads, but newer technology has led us away from such heavy use of the rail system and instead to the use of…

a)

cars and automobiles on the roads and highways that connect us now.

b)

riverboats and canoes to carry supplies.

c)

oxen and covered wagons on dirt trails for westward movement.

d)

nothing, as we still primarily use trains for all of our transportation needs.

23.
What is Joseph Glidden famous for?
a)
starting cattle drives
b)
inventing the cattle brand
c)
inventing barbed wire
24.
What is the appropriate term for the object shwon in this image?
a)
Lariat Wire
b)
Drover Wire
c)
Range Wire
d)
Barbed Wire
25.
Why did ranching develop in West Texas instead of farming?
a)
Water Resources were scarce
b)
Lack of railroads
c)
Politics
d)
Oil was discovered in West Texas
26.
Which nickname was given to the African-American regiments of the Army after the Civil War?
a)
Buffalo Hunters
b)
Red River Rebels
c)
Buffalo Soldiers
d)
Screaming Eagles
27.
What region were most cotton plantations at in Texas?
a)
North Central
b)
Great Plains
c)
Mts. & Basins
d)
Coastal Plains
28.
Public land that could be used by anyone, usually for grazing cattle is called
a)
range over
b)
free range
c)
open range
29.
What is it called when cattle are moved to a stockyard or a market?
a)
Drive
b)
Traveled
c)
Movement
30.
Rachero is the __________ word for "rancher"
a)
English
b)
Spanish
c)
German
31.
What is the Spanish term for cowboy?
a)
vaquero
b)
ranchero
c)
charro
d)
reata
32.

How did the railroads affect the cattle drives?

a)

The railroads in Texas did not affect the cattle drives

b)

People still chose to do cattle drives because it was cheaper

c)

There was still a lot of open land so the cattle went around the railroad tracks

d)

The cattle could now be put directly on the railcars and then sent to market

33.
The long trips where cowhands (cowboys) herded (drove) cattle to the stockyards such as Abilene, Kansas were called _____________.
a)
Chapparreras
b)
Lariats
c)
Cattle Drives
d)
Vaqueros
34.
Cattle drives often ended in __________.  Towns that grew up usually where railroads passed through. 
a)
Ghost Towns
b)
Boom Towns
c)
Cattle Towns
d)
Mining Towns
35.
One of the most famous cattle trails was the ___________ Trail.
a)
Vaquero
b)
Chaps
c)
Chuck Wagon
d)
Chisholm
36.

How did the cattle industry begin in Texas?

a)

It didn't begin in Texas

b)

Crops were dying so Texans needed a new job

c)

The Spanish brough cattle to Texas and the vaquero took care of them on ranches

37.

Why did the cattle industry grow in Texas after the Civil War?

a)

The Civil War killed all the cows.

b)

There was a demand for beef in the north and Texas had a large supply of cattle.

c)

Settlers moved in and brought new cows.

38.
What was the cowboys' job?
a)
Their job was to entertain people as they traveled west watching rodeos.
b)
Their job was to steal cattle before it made it to market.
c)
Their job was to keep the herd together, protect the herd, and keep it moving.