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Muscle - Physiology 1

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which thin filament protein bind to Ca during muscle contraction?

a)

Actin

b)

Myosin

c)

Troponin

d)

Tropomyosin

2.

Click all that apply. Which of these make up a motor unit?

a)

Motor neuron

b)

Motor fiber

c)

Muscle

d)

Nerve

3.

Which muscle contraction results from a high amount of Ca still remaining in the muscle

a)

Treppe

b)

Tetanus

c)

Muscle Energy

d)

Metabolism

4.

What is the name of the plasma membrane surrounding each muscle fiber?

a)

T Tubule

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Sarcoplasm

d)

Nucleus

5.

What is the contractile unit of the muscle?

a)

Z disk

b)

Sarcomere

c)

Muscle fiber

d)

Muscle cell

6.

What protein makes up the thick filaments?

a)

Troponin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Myosin

d)

Actin

7.

What part of the muscle fiber stores Ca ions and releases them when stimulated?

a)

T tubule

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Nucleus

d)

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

8.

What is the name of the location where the neuron and muscle fiber meet?

a)

Sarcoplasm

b)

Sacolemma

c)

Neuromuscular junction

d)

Axon terminal

9.

What is the name of the neurotransmitter that is released from the neuron to the sarcolemma?

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Acetone

c)

ATP

d)

Calcium

10.

Which of these occurs first during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

11.

Which of these occurs last during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

12.

What does "optimal length" mean when describing a muscle contraction?

a)

When the most binding sites are available to form the most crossbridges

b)

When the sarcomere is at its shortest length

c)

When the sarcomere is at its greatest length

d)

When the thin filaments overlap each other

13.

Skeletal muscle contracts with different degrees of strength at different times... this is known as

a)

The Graded Strength Principle

b)

Tetanus

c)

Treppe

d)

Metabolism

14.

Myofibrils are composed primarily of

a)

actin and myosin

b)

ATP and ADP

c)

Troponin

d)

Tropomyosin

15.

Neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles within

a)

motor units

b)

motor neuron endings

c)

myofibrils

d)

motor end plates

16.

The enzyme cholinesterase causes acetylcholine to

a)

be secreted from the motor end plate.

b)

form cross bridges.

c)

bind to actin.

d)

decompose.

17.

What chemical helps to regenerate ATP?

a)

acetylcholine

b)

cholinsterase

c)

creatine phosphate

d)

ADP

18.

Which of the following muscle types are voluntary?

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth muscle

19.

What are the three types of muscles?

a)

voluntary, smooth, cardiac

b)

cardiac, skeletal, nervous

c)

cardiac, smooth, skeletal

d)

smooth, cardiac, stomach

20.

Which cell organelle provides energy for muscle contraction?

a)

lysosome

b)

nucleus

c)

endoplasmic reticulum

d)

mitochondria

21.

A person who has a disease that inhibits the production of cholinesterase would have what kind of symptoms?

a)

prolonged muscle contraction

b)

flacid muscles

c)

inability to speak

d)

paralyzed

22.

During a muscle contraction, cross-bridges form between what two structures?

a)

Actin and myosin fibers

b)

neuron and muscle

c)

mitochondria and actin

23.
What is the name of the protein myofilament that pulls the actin towards the center of the Sarcomere?
a)
Fascicle
b)
Actin
c)
Myosin
d)
Titin
24.
What is the name give to the thin protein filaments within the muscle contractile unit?
a)
Myosin
b)
Actin
c)
Myoglobin
d)
Haemoglobin
25.
What is the name of the connective tissue covering that covers the entire muscle organ?
a)
Endomysium
b)
Perimysium
c)
Epimysium
d)
Fascicle
26.

When anaerobic respiration is used during muscle contraction. Which of the following will occur?

a)

causes fatigue

b)

produces lactic acid

c)

produces oxygen debt

d)

all of these

27.
Into what does the neuron release its neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction?
a)
motor end plate
b)
cytoplasm of the muscle cell
c)
terminal cisternae
d)
synapse
28.
Muscle fatigue sets in due to the nonavailability of 
a)
calcium
b)
ATP
c)
actin binding sites
d)
sodium
29.
Which of the following sets of ions are needed in the muscle fiber to eventually cause a contraction?
a)
sodium and potassium
b)
calcium and magnesium
c)
sodium and calcium
d)
sodium and magnesium
30.
Actin filaments bound to the edges of the sarcomere, in zig zag structures also known as the...
a)
M-Line
b)
H-Zone
c)
Z-Lines
d)
A-Band
31.
When a muscle is relaxed and in a lengthened position, what is the relationship between actin filaments?
a)
They are on top of one another
b)
They are beside each other
c)
They are close to each other
d)
They are far apart from each other
32.
Z represents
a)
Dendrite
b)
Axon Terminal
c)
Neurotransmitters
d)
Synapse
33.
Number 3 represents which of the following events
a)
action potential reaches the axon terminal
b)
sodium rushes into the muscle fiber
c)
potassium leaving the muscle fiber
d)
ACh crossing the synaptic cleft
34.
What are the two ions transported across the membrane in an action potential?
a)
O2- and K+
b)
K+ and Na+
c)
Ca+2 and B+3
d)
Na+1 and Cl
35.
Which of the following is NOT a muscle function?
a)
Movement of skeleton
b)
Heat generation
c)
Transport substances around body
d)
Moves neurons around body
36.
Which one of the following is a key characteristic of Fast Twitch B muscle fibers? 
a)
They are Red in color, meaning they contain a lot of mitochondria
b)
They contract rapidly with great force but fatigue fast (as they use creatine phosphate pathway)
c)
They are recruited for long duration activities
d)
They contain high numbers of Mitochondria
37.
Which one of the following is a key characteristic of slow twitch muscle fibers? 
a)
They contain large amounts of Mitochondria
b)
They are fast to fatigue
c)
They are recruited last
d)
They contain low numbers of Mitochondria
38.
Inside a muscle cell that is at rest, the internal charge is _______.
a)
Negative
b)
Positive
c)
Neutral
39.
When Sodium ions fly into the muscle cell, it's said to be __________.
a)
Repolarizing
b)
Depolarizing
c)
Electrically neutral
d)
none of the above
40.
enzyme that breaks down the muscle cell neurotransmitter and ends the impulse
a)
lactase
b)
sucrase
c)
lipase
d)
acetylcholinterase
41.
the chemical that accumulates in muscles when oxygen is depleted
a)
myoglobin
b)
hemoglobin
c)
lactic acid
d)
carbon dioxide
42.
What two chemicals are necessary for muscle contraction to occur?
a)
Niacin and Potassium
b)
Calcium and ATP
c)
Sodium and Potassium
d)
Ach and Potassium
43.
situation in which muscle loses its ability to contract, due to being used strenuously for a long period of time
a)
muscle pain
b)
muscle cramp
c)
muscle fatigue
d)
oxygen debt
44.
What type of muscle moves liquids and solids through passageways?
a)
Cardiac
b)
Smooth
c)
Skeletal
45.
What holds oxygen in muscles cells?
a)
Myofibrils
b)
Myoglobin
c)
Fascicles
46.
The muscle that contracts during movement is called the
a)
agonist
b)
antagonist
c)
synergist
47.
Creatine phosphate provides energy to muscle cells by
a)
becoming oxidized and losing phosphate to ATP to form ADP
b)
becoming oxidized and losing phosphate to ADP to form ATP
c)
providing ATP directly to muscle cells
d)
providing ADP directly to muscle cells
48.
enzyme that breaks down the muscle cell neurotransmitter and ends the impulse
a)
lactase
b)
sucrase
c)
lipase
d)
acetylcholinterase
49.
What are the two ions transported across the membrane in an action potential?
a)
O2- and K+
b)
K+ and Na+
c)
Ca+2 and B+3
d)
Na+1 and Cl
50.
Once calcium is released, it will
a)
attaches to myosin head
b)
attaches to receptors 
c)
attaches to tropomyosin
d)
attaches to troponin
51.

The nervous system is made up of these three parts:

a)

Brain, heart, and spinal cord

b)

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves

c)

Nerves, arteries, and veins

d)

Nerves, liver, and heart

52.
The red part of the picture shows the ________ which is part of the nervous system.
a)
brain
b)
spinal cord
c)
peripheral nerves
d)
neurons
53.

The part of the PNS that controls involuntary actions

a)

autonomic nervous system

b)

somatic nervous system

c)

organic nervous system

d)

reflexive nervous system

54.
The part of the nervous system that consists of nerves that branch out from the CNS (central nervous system) and connect to other body parts
a)
Sympathetic
b)
Parasympathetic
c)
Autonomic
d)
Peripheral
55.
A chemical produced by neurons that carries messages to other neurons
a)
myelin sheath
b)
neurotransmitter
c)
axon
d)
axon terminal
56.
The tiny gap between neurons where nerve impulses are sent from one neuron to another.  It is where communication occurs between an axon and dendrite
a)
synapse
b)
axon terminal
c)
impulse
d)
myelin
57.
This part of the neuron stores then releases neurotransmitters into the synapse.
a)
Axon 
b)
Dendrite
c)
Myelin Sheath
d)
Axon Terminal
58.
What is the central nervous system (CNS) made of?
a)
brain and spinal cord
b)
brain and cranial nerves
c)
spinal cord and spinal nerves
d)
cranial nerves and spinal nerves
59.
What sense organ is responsible for our sense of touch?
a)
Ears
b)
Face
c)
Nose 
d)
Skin
60.
Identify the lobe of the brain that is highlighted.  
a)
frontal
b)
temporal
c)
occipital
d)
parietal

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