Font size
WorksheetsIG System Self-Test
Total questions: 116
Worksheet time: 58mins
IG System structures:
Skin, Skin appendages, hair, nails, skin glands
Skin, eumelanin, pheomelanin, melanin
Skin Thickness:
0.04 to 0.08 inches (1 to 2 mm)
0.04 to 0.06 inches (1 to 2 mm)
0.06 to 0.08 inches (1 to 2 mm)
Skin covers:
17 to 20 sq. ft
16 to 20 sq. ft
18 to 24 sq. ft
18 to 22 sq. ft
Thin skin contains:
Hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands.
Covers areas with high friction and does not contain hair follicles.
Thick skin contains:
Hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands.
Covers areas with high friction and does not contain hair follicles.
Epidermis:
Superficial layer
Inner most layer of epidermis (Basal Layer or Stratum Germinativum).
Abundance of blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, nerve endings, hair follicles.
Epidermis Consists of:
Stratifies squamous epithelial tissue.
Layer of columnar stem cells that continually undergo mitosis to produce new skin cells
Abundance of blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, nerve endings, hair follicles.
connective tissue, primarily collagen fibers (strengthens) and elastin fibers (adds elasticity) and reticular fibers (binds collagen and elastin fibers).
Epidermis has:
No blood vessels.
Abundance of blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, nerve endings, hair follicles.
Stratum Basale:
Inner most layer of epidermis (Basal Layer or Stratum Germinativum).
Outermost layer of epidermis.
Layers of dead, flat keratin-coated cells.
Stratum Basale consists of:
Layer of columnar stem cells that continually undergo mitosis to produce new skin cells.
Layers of dead, flat keratin-coated cells.
Connective tissue, primarily collagen fibers (strengthens) and elastin fibers (adds elasticity) and reticular fibers (binds collagen and elastin fibers).
Stratum Corneum:
Outermost layer of epidermis.
Inner most layer of epidermis (Basal Layer or Stratum Germinativum).
Layer of columnar stem cells that continually undergo mitosis to produce new skin cells.
Stratum Corneum consists of:
Layer of columnar stem cells that continually undergo mitosis to produce new skin cells.
Layers of dead, flat keratin-coated cells.
Stratum Corneum function:
Durable and resistant to abrasions. Prevents water from entering, but still allows for evaporation.
Durable and resistant to abrasions. But allows water to enter.
Is NOT durable and resistant to abrasions. Prevents water from entering, but still allows for evaporation.
Dermis is composed of:
connective tissue, primarily collagen fibers (strengthens) and elastin fibers (adds elasticity) and reticular fibers (binds collagen and elastin fibers).
Layer of columnar stem cells that continually undergo mitosis to produce new skin cells.
Stratifies squamous epithelial tissue.
layers of dead, flat keratin-coated cells.
Dermis has:
layers of dead, flat keratin-coated cells.
Abundance of blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, nerve endings, hair follicles.
No blood vessels.
Hypodermis: areolar and adipose tissue that binds skin to underlying tissue.
Layers of dead, flat keratin-coated cells.
connective tissue, primarily collagen fibers (strengthens) and elastin fibers (adds elasticity) and reticular fibers (binds collagen and elastin fibers).
No blood vessels.
areolar and adipose tissue that binds skin to underlying tissue.
Part of cutaneous tissue
Keratinocytosis:
a. cells that reach the stratum corneum and are only keratin which replaces dead cells that flake with wear.
b. cells that reach the stratum Basale and are only keratin which replaces dead cells that flake with wear.
c. cells that reach the epidermis and are only keratin which replaces dead cells that flake with wear.
a
b
c
Papillae:
a. Projections that extend upwards from dermis and interlocks to the bottom of epidermis.
b. Cluster of connective tissue and blood vessels that nourish each hair.
a
b
Projections that extend upwards from dermis and interlocks to the bottom of epidermis: Papillae
a. Papillae
b. Hair Papilla
a
b
Skin appendages:
a. Hair, nails, glands
b. Eccrine glands and Apocrine Glands
c. Sebaceous Glands and Sweat Glands
d. Hair and Nails
a
b
c
d
Eyelashes and eyebrows protect by:
a. filtering out dust
b. keeping perspiration out of the eyes
c. Insulating against heat and cold.
a
b
c
Hair in the nostrils protects by:
a. filtering out dust
b. keeping perspiration out of the eyes
c. Insulating against heat and cold.
a
b
c
Hair on the head protects by:
a. filtering out dust
b. keeping perspiration out of the eyes
c. Insulating against heat and cold.
a
b
c
Hair shaft:
a. extends above skin surface
b. sheath of epidermis with rich nerve and blood supply.
c. In the dermis, where growth occurs.
a
b
c
Hair follicles:
a. extends above skin surface
b. sheath of epidermis with rich nerve and blood supply.
c. In the dermis, where growth occurs.
a
b
c
Hair bulb/root:
a. extends above skin surface
b. sheath of epidermis with rich nerve and blood supply.
c. In the dermis, where growth occurs.
a
b
c
Hair Papilla:
a. Projections that extend upwards from dermis and interlocks to the bottom of epidermis.
b. Cluster of connective tissue and blood vessels that nourish each hair.
c. Bundle of smooth muscle attached to hair follicle. Cold temperatures or emotions cause the muscle to contract.
a
b
c
Arrector Pili:
a. Projections that extend upwards from dermis and interlocks to the bottom of epidermis.
b. Cluster of connective tissue and blood vessels that nourish each hair.
c. Bundle of smooth muscle attached to hair follicle. Cold temperatures or emotions cause the muscle to contract.
a
b
c
Hair color is due to:
Melanin
Melanocytes
Darker Hair:
a. Greater concentration of eumelanin.
b. Mostly pheomelanin.
c. Mixture of eumelanin and pheomelanin.
d. lack of melanin.
a
b
c
d
Blond Hair:
a. Greater concentration of eumelanin.
b. Mostly pheomelanin.
c. Mixture of eumelanin and pheomelanin.
d. lack of melanin.
a
b
c
d
Red Hair:
a. Greater concentration of eumelanin.
b. Mostly pheomelanin.
c. Mixture of eumelanin and pheomelanin.
d. lack of melanin.
a
b
c
d
Gray and white hair:
a. Greater concentration of eumelanin.
b. Mostly pheomelanin.
c. Mixture of eumelanin and pheomelanin.
d. lack of melanin.
a
b
c
d
Round Shaft produces:
a. Straight hair
b. Curly Hair
a
b
Oval Shaft produces:
a. Straight hair
b. Curly Hair
a
b
Hair Lifespan:
a. 2 to 6 years
b. 6 to 8 years
c. 4 to 6 years
d. 2 to 4 years
a
b
c
d
Alopecia:
a. Excessive hair loss. Results from disease, poor nutrition, chemotherapy, emotional distress, aging.
b. Individuals whom have inherited specific gene and who have high levels of testosterone.
a
b
Male pattern boldness:
a. Excessive hair loss. Results from disease, poor nutrition, chemotherapy, emotional distress, aging.
b. Individuals whom have inherited specific gene and who have high levels of testosterone.
a
b
Nail cyanosis:
a. Often first sign of oxygen deficiency.
b. may indicate iron deficiency.
c. May indicate melanoma in lighter-skin individuals. May be normal in individuals with dark skin.
d. May occur in liver disease such as hepatitis.
e. May be sign of anemia.
a
b
c
d
e
Flattened /concave nail beds:
a. Often first sign of oxygen deficiency.
b. may indicate iron deficiency.
c. May indicate melanoma in lighter-skin individuals. May be normal in individuals with dark skin.
d. May occur in liver disease such as hepatitis.
e. May be sign of anemia.
a
b
c
d
e
Dark lines beneath nails:
a. Often first sign of oxygen deficiency.
b. may indicate iron deficiency.
c. May indicate melanoma in lighter-skin individuals. May be normal in individuals with dark skin.
d. May occur in liver disease such as hepatitis.
e. May be sign of anemia.
a
b
c
d
e
White Nails:
a. Often first sign of oxygen deficiency.
b. may indicate iron deficiency.
c. May indicate melanoma in lighter-skin individuals. May be normal in individuals with dark skin.
d. May occur in liver disease such as hepatitis.
e. May be sign of anemia.
a
b
c
d
e
Yellowish, thickened, slow growing nails:
a. Often first sign of oxygen deficiency.
b. may indicate iron deficiency.
c. May indicate melanoma in lighter-skin individuals. May be normal in individuals with dark skin.
d. May occur in liver disease such as hepatitis.
e. Individuals with lung disease such as emphysema.
a
b
c
d
e
Pale brittle nail beds:
a. Often first sign of oxygen deficiency.
b. may indicate iron deficiency.
c. May indicate melanoma in lighter-skin individuals. May be normal in individuals with dark skin.
d. May occur in liver disease such as hepatitis.
e. May be sign of anemia.
a
b
c
d
e
Types of glands:
a. Sweat Glands, Sebaceous Glands, Ceruminous Glands.
b. Eccrine Glands & Apocrine Glands
c. Eccrine Glands, Apocrine Glands, sweat Glands Ceruminous glands
a
b
c
Types of Sweat Glands:
a. Sweat Glands, Sebaceous Glands, Ceruminous Glands.
b. Eccrine Glands & Apocrine Glands
c. Eccrine Glands, Apocrine Glands, sweat Glands Ceruminous glands
a
b
c
Eccrine Glands:
a. Respond to stress and sexual stimulation.
b. Produce sweat (containing potassium, ammonia, lactic acid, uric acid, and other wastes).
c. Axillary Region and Anogenital (groin) Region.
Open into hair follicle. Secrete sebum (oily substance/ mild antibacterial, antifungal effect) to keep skin and hair from drying and becoming brittle.
a
b
c
Ducts of Eccrine Glands:
a. Open into hair follicle. Secrete sebum (oily substance/ mild antibacterial, antifungal effect) to keep skin and hair from drying and becoming brittle.
b. Respond to stress and sexual stimulation.
c. lead to hair follicle.
d. lead from secretory portion to skin’s surface.
a
b
c
d
Eccrine Glands Help:
a. maintain core temp and eliminate waste.
b. Respond to stress and sexual stimulation.
a
b
Apocrine Glands Help:
a. maintain core temp and eliminate waste.
b. Respond to stress and sexual stimulation.
a
b
Ducts of Apocrine Glands:
a. Open into hair follicle. Secrete sebum (oily substance/ mild antibacterial, antifungal effect) to keep skin and hair from drying and becoming brittle.
b. Respond to stress and sexual stimulation.
c. lead to hair follicle.
a
b
c
Apocrine Glands:
a. maintain core temp and eliminate waste.
b. begin functioning at puberty.
a
b
Apocrine Glands Loc:
a. Axillary Region and Anogenital (groin) Region.
b. Scalp, forehead, back of the hand, top of the ears.
c. On nose or face
a
b
c
Sebaceous Glands:
a. Open into hair follicle. Secrete sebum (oily substance/ mild antibacterial, antifungal effect) to keep skin and hair from drying and becoming brittle.
b. Respond to stress and sexual stimulation.
c. lead to hair follicle.
a
b
c
Ceruminous Glands:
a. Open into hair follicle. Secrete sebum (oily substance/ mild antibacterial, antifungal effect) to keep skin and hair from drying and becoming brittle.
b. In external ear canal. Secretes Cerumen (waxy substance/ear wax).
c. Respond to stress and sexual stimulation.
a
b
c
Protection (skin function):
a. Prevents microorganisms / harmful chemicals from invading body.
b. Nerves that cause blood vessels in skin to dilate or constrict to regulate heat loss.
c. Contains sensory nerves that allow for perception of temperature, touch, pressure, pain and vibration.
a
b
c
Protection (skin function)
a. Nerves that cause blood vessels in skin to dilate or constrict to regulate heat loss.
b. Contains sensory nerves that allow for perception of temperature, touch, pressure, pain and vibration.
c. Keeps body from absorbing excess water.
d. Secretes film that helps block toxins and inhibits bacterial and fungal growth.
a
b
c
d
Protection (skin function)
a. Nerves that cause blood vessels in skin to dilate or constrict to regulate heat loss.
b. Contains sensory nerves that allow for perception of temperature, touch, pressure, pain and vibration.
c. Keeps body from absorbing excess water.
a. Absorbs force of injury which protects underlying delicate structures
a
b
c
d
Barrier (skin function):
a. Nerves that cause blood vessels in skin to dilate or constrict to regulate heat loss.
b. Contains sensory nerves that allow for perception of temperature, touch, pressure, pain and vibration.
c. Keeps body from absorbing excess water.
d. Secretes film that helps block toxins and inhibits bacterial and fungal growth.
a
b
c
d
Barrier (skin function):
a. Nerves that cause blood vessels in skin to dilate or constrict to regulate heat loss.
b. Contains sensory nerves that allow for perception of temperature, touch, pressure, pain and vibration.
c. Blocks UV radiation from reaching deeper tissue layers.
d. Secretes film that helps block toxins and inhibits bacterial and fungal growth.
a
b
c
d
Barrier (skin function):
a. Nerves that cause blood vessels in skin to dilate or constrict to regulate heat loss.
b. Contains sensory nerves that allow for perception of temperature, touch, pressure, pain and vibration.
c. Prevents dehydration by regulating volume and content of fluid lost.
d. Secretes film that helps block toxins and inhibits bacterial and fungal growth.
a
b
c
d
Vitamin D production (skin function):
a. Produces vitamin D when exposed to UV, is important for calcium absorption and immune function.
b. Produces vitamin D when glands respond to stress, is important for calcium absorption and immune function.
c. Produces vitamin D when exposed to UV, is important for water absorption and immune function.
a
b
c
Sensory Perception (skin function):
a. Nerves that cause blood vessels in skin to dilate or constrict to regulate heat loss.
b. Contains sensory nerves that allow for perception of temperature, touch, pressure, pain and vibration.
c. Prevents dehydration by regulating volume and content of fluid lost.
d. Secretes film that helps block toxins and inhibits bacterial and fungal growth.
a
b
c
d
Thermoregulation (skin function):
a. Nerves that cause blood vessels in skin to dilate or constrict to regulate heat loss.
b. Contains sensory nerves that allow for perception of temperature, touch, pressure, pain and vibration.
c. Prevents dehydration by regulating volume and content of fluid lost.
d. Secretes film that helps block toxins and inhibits bacterial and fungal growth.
a
b
c
d
Subcutaneous (SQ) Injection (hypodermis):
a. Rich blood supply of tissue – ideal for medication absorption. (i.e. Insulin)
b. In skin (i.e. Allergy test)
c. Skin absorbs many chemicals – allows to absorb slowly.
a
b
c
Intradermal (ID) Injection:
a. Rich blood supply of tissue – ideal for medication absorption. (i.e. Insulin)
b. In skin (i.e. Allergy test)
c. Skin absorbs many chemicals – allows to absorb slowly.
a
b
c
Transdermal administration:
a. Rich blood supply of tissue – ideal for medication absorption. (i.e. Insulin)
b. In skin (i.e. Allergy test)
c. Skin absorbs many chemicals – allows to absorb slowly.
a
b
c
Nitroglycerin:
a. vasodilator that treats certain types of chest pain.
b. treats inflammation
c. treats cigarette addiction
a
b
c
Hydrocodone Ointment:
a. vasodilator that treats certain types of chest pain.
b. treats inflammation
c. treats cigarette addiction
a
b
c
Nicotine:
a. vasodilator that treats certain types of chest pain.
b. treats inflammation
c. treats cigarette addiction
a
b
c
Melanocytes:
a. Produce melanin. Scattered throughout basal layer.
b. Accumulates in cells of epidermis and protects nucleus form UV exposure, Prolonged exposures stimulates cells to produce more melanin.
a
b
Melanin:
a. Produce melanin. Scattered throughout basal layer.
b. Accumulates in cells of epidermis and protects nucleus form UV exposure, Prolonged exposures stimulates cells to produce more melanin.
a
b
Pheomelanin:
a. Reddish color
b. Brown-black color
c. yellow pigment stored in skin tissue.
a
b
c
Eumelanin
a. Reddish color
b. Brown-black color
c. yellow pigment stored in skin tissue.
a
b
c
Carotene:
a. Reddish color
b. Brown-black color
c. yellow pigment stored in skin tissue.
a
b
c
Cyanosis:
a. Blue tint- deficiency of oxygen in circulating blood.
b. Abnormal redness- increase blood flow in dilated blood vessels close to skin’s surface. (i.e. due to heat, exercise, sunburn, emotions such as embarrassment or anger.)
c. Pale skin- decrease blood flow. (i.e. due to cold temperatures, fear, emotional stress, low blood pressure.)
d. Bluish, black, or yellowish mark on skin- breakdown of clotted blood under the skin.
a
b
c
d
Jaundice:
a. Yellow discoloration of skin & whites of the eyes – Impaired liver function (i.e. hepatitis, liver disease) which allows bile to accumulate and stains the skin.
b. Golden brown skin- deficiency of hormones from adrenal gland (i.e. Addison disease)
c. Pale skin, white hair, pink eyes- genetic lack of melanin.
d. Abnormal redness- increase blood flow in dilated blood vessels close to skin’s surface. (i.e. due to heat, exercise, sunburn, emotions such as embarrassment or anger.)
e. Pale skin- decrease blood flow. (i.e. due to cold temperatures, fear, emotional stress, low blood pressure.)
a
b
c
d
e
Bronzing:
a. Yellow discoloration of skin & whites of the eyes – Impaired liver function (i.e. hepatitis, liver disease) which allows bile to accumulate and stains the skin.
b. Golden brown skin- deficiency of hormones from adrenal gland (i.e. Addison disease)
c. Pale skin, white hair, pink eyes- genetic lack of melanin.
d. Abnormal redness- increase blood flow in dilated blood vessels close to skin’s surface. (i.e. due to heat, exercise, sunburn, emotions such as embarrassment or anger.)
a
b
c
d
Albinism:
a. Blue tint- deficiency of oxygen in circulating blood.
b. Pale skin, white hair, pink eyes- genetic lack of melanin.
c. Abnormal redness- increase blood flow in dilated blood vessels close to skin’s surface. (i.e. due to heat, exercise, sunburn, emotions such as embarrassment or anger.)
d. Pale skin- decrease blood flow. (i.e. due to cold temperatures, fear, emotional stress, low blood pressure.)
a
b
c
d
Erythema:
a. Blue tint- deficiency of oxygen in circulating blood.
b. Golden brown skin- deficiency of hormones from adrenal gland (i.e. Addison disease)
c. Pale skin, white hair, pink eyes- genetic lack of melanin.
d. Abnormal redness- increase blood flow in dilated blood vessels close to skin’s surface. (i.e. due to heat, exercise, sunburn, emotions such as embarrassment or anger.)
a
b
c
d
Pallor:
a. Blue tint- deficiency of oxygen in circulating blood.
b. Pale skin, white hair, pink eyes- genetic lack of melanin.
c. Pale skin- decrease blood flow. (i.e. due to cold temperatures, fear, emotional stress, low blood pressure.)
d. Bluish, black, or yellowish mark on skin- breakdown of clotted blood under the skin.
a
b
c
d
Bruise (hematoma):
a. Blue tint- deficiency of oxygen in circulating blood.
b. Pale skin, white hair, pink eyes- genetic lack of melanin.
c. Pale skin- decrease blood flow. (i.e. due to cold temperatures, fear, emotional stress, low blood pressure.)
d. Bluish, black, or yellowish mark on skin- breakdown of clotted blood under the skin.
a
b
c
d
Burns classified according to:
a. depth (number of tissue layers).
b. Surface Area
c. Rules of Nine
d. Lund-Browder Chart
a
b
c
d
First-degree Burn:
a. Epidermis and part of dermis. Results in blisters, severe pain, swelling. May result in scarring, may appear red, white or tan. (Partial-thickness burn)
b. Extends through Epidermis, Dermis and Subcutaneous layer. Initially non-painful (destroyed nerve endings). May appear white or black and leathery. (Full-thickness Burn).
c. Only the epidermis. Causes redness, slight swelling, pain. Often resulting from sunlight (sunburn). (Partial-thickness burn)
a
b
c
Second-degree Burn:
a. Epidermis and part of dermis. Results in blisters, severe pain, swelling. May result in scarring, may appear red, white or tan. (Partial-thickness burn)
b. Extends through Epidermis, Dermis and Subcutaneous layer. Initially non-painful (destroyed nerve endings). May appear white or black and leathery. (Full-thickness Burn).
c. Only the epidermis. Causes redness, slight swelling, pain. Often resulting from sunlight (sunburn). (Partial-thickness burn)
a
b
c
Third-degree Burn:
a. Epidermis and part of dermis. Results in blisters, severe pain, swelling. May result in scarring, may appear red, white or tan. (Partial-thickness burn)
b. Extends through Epidermis, Dermis and Subcutaneous layer. Initially non-painful (destroyed nerve endings). May appear white or black and leathery. (Full-thickness Burn).
c. Only the epidermis. Causes redness, slight swelling, pain. Often resulting from sunlight (sunburn). (Partial-thickness burn)
a
b
c
Following a serous burn:
a. Patient may lose 75% of circulating fluid volume. Risk of: Circulatory Collapse & cardiac arrest.
b. Patient may lose 90% of circulating fluid volume. Risk of: Circulatory Collapse & cardiac arrest.
c. Patient may lose 85% of circulating fluid volume. Risk of: Circulatory Collapse & cardiac arrest.
d. Patient may lose 70% of circulating fluid volume. Risk of: Circulatory Collapse & cardiac arrest.
a
b
c
d
Eschar - Dead tissue resulting from burn:
a. Secretes toxins
b. Increases circulation
c. Restricts circulation.
d. Restricts water absorption
e. Promotes bacterial growth
a
b
c
d
e
Rules of Nine:
Surface area divided into 11 areas of 9 percent. Allows for quick estimate as to extent of burn.
Adjusts surface area of certain body regions according to age to determine burn size in infants and children.
Lund-Browder Chart:
Surface area divided into 11 areas of 9 percent. Allows for quick estimate as to extent of burn.
Adjusts surface area of certain body regions according to age to determine burn size in infants and children.
Skin Cancer results from:
a. changes in epidermal cells.
b. changes in dermal cells.
c. changes in hypodermal cells.
a
b
c
Basal Cell Carcinoma:
a. From cells of stratum Basale (typically on nose or face).
b. From epidermis.
c. From melanocyte of preexisting mole.
a
b
c
Basal Cell Carcinoma is:
a. Most common type and seldom metastasizes.
b. Slow growing and Some forms may metastasize.
c. Most deadly skin cancer. Metastasizes quickly (often fatal when not treated early).
a
b
c
Basal Cell Carcinoma description:
Lesions appear as small, shiny bump (develops central depression and beaded edge). Typically, on nose or face.
Appears raised, red, scaly. Scalp, forehead, back of the hand, top of the ears.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma:
a. From cells of stratum Basale (typically on nose or face).
b. From epidermis.
c. From melanocyte of preexisting mole.
a
b
c
Squamous cell carcinoma:
Lesions appear as small, shiny bump (develops central depression and beaded edge). Typically, on nose or face.
Appears raised, red, scaly. Scalp, forehead, back of the hand, top of the ears.
Squamous cell Carcinoma is:
a. Most common type and seldom metastasizes.
b. Slow growing and Some forms may metastasize.
c. Most deadly skin cancer. Metastasizes quickly (often fatal when not treated early).
a
b
c
Malignant Melanoma:
a. Most common type and seldom metastasizes.
b. Slow growing and Some forms may metastasize.
c. Most deadly skin cancer. Metastasizes quickly (often fatal when not treated early).
a
b
c
Malignant melanoma develops:
a. From cells of stratum Basale (typically on nose or face).
b. From epidermis.
c. From melanocyte of preexisting mole.
a
b
c
Malignant Melanoma:
Lesions appear as small, shiny bump (develops central depression and beaded edge). Typically, on nose or face.
Appears raised, red, scaly. Scalp, forehead, back of the hand, top of the ears.
Risk greater for individuals who had sever sunburns as children.
Acne:
a. inflammation of sebaceous glands. Follicle becomes blocked with keratinocytes and sebum.
b. Inflammation of the skin. Exposure to chemicals or toxins. Characterized by itching and redness.
c. Itchy, red rash caused by allergy. Lesions initially weep or ooze serum. May become crusted, thickened, or scaly.
d. Recurring skin disorder. Red papules and scaly silvery plaques with sharply defined borders.
a
b
c
d
Dermatitis:
a. Inflammation of the skin. Exposure to chemicals or toxins. Characterized by itching and redness.
b. Itchy, red rash caused by allergy. Lesions initially weep or ooze serum. May become crusted, thickened, or scaly.
c. Recurring skin disorder. Red papules and scaly silvery plaques with sharply defined borders.
d. Any fungal infection of the skin. Occurs in moist areas (axilla, foot, groin).
a
b
c
d
Eczema:
a. Inflammation of the skin. Exposure to chemicals or toxins. Characterized by itching and redness.
b. Itchy, red rash caused by allergy. Lesions initially weep or ooze serum. May become crusted, thickened, or scaly.
c. Recurring skin disorder. Red papules and scaly silvery plaques with sharply defined borders.
d. Allergic reaction resulting in multiple red patches. Intensely itchy.
a
b
c
d
Impetigo:
a. Itchy, red rash caused by allergy. Lesions initially weep or ooze serum. May become crusted, thickened, or scaly.
b. Contagious bacterial infection of skin (caused by streptococci or staphylococci).
c. Any fungal infection of the skin. Occurs in moist areas (axilla, foot, groin).
d. Allergic reaction resulting in multiple red patches. Intensely itchy.
a
b
c
d
Impetigo:
a. Itchy, red rash caused by allergy. Lesions initially weep or ooze serum. May become crusted, thickened, or scaly.
b. Yellow to red weeping, crusted, or pustular lesions around the nose, mouth, cheeks, extremities.
c. Any fungal infection of the skin. Occurs in moist areas (axilla, foot, groin).
d. Allergic reaction resulting in multiple red patches. Intensely itchy.
a
b
c
d
Psoriasis:
a. Itchy, red rash caused by allergy. Lesions initially weep or ooze serum. May become crusted, thickened, or scaly.
b. Recurring skin disorder. Red papules and scaly silvery plaques with sharply defined borders.
c. Any fungal infection of the skin. Occurs in moist areas (axilla, foot, groin).
d. Allergic reaction resulting in multiple red patches. Intensely itchy.
a
b
c
d
Tinea:
a. Inflammation of the skin. Exposure to chemicals or toxins. Characterized by itching and redness.
b. Itchy, red rash caused by allergy. Lesions initially weep or ooze serum. May become crusted, thickened, or scaly.
c. Any fungal infection of the skin. Occurs in moist areas (axilla, foot, groin).
d. Allergic reaction resulting in multiple red patches. Intensely itchy.
a
b
c
d
Urticaria:
a. Inflammation of the skin. Exposure to chemicals or toxins. Characterized by itching and redness.
b. Itchy, red rash caused by allergy. Lesions initially weep or ooze serum. May become crusted, thickened, or scaly.
c. Recurring skin disorder. Red papules and scaly silvery plaques with sharply defined borders.
d. Allergic reaction resulting in multiple red patches. Intensely itchy.
a
b
c
d
With age - Wrinkles around eyes, nose, mouth:
a. Fat in subcutaneous tissue declines, dermis thins, collagen and elastin decreases.
b. Fat in subcutaneous tissue increases, dermis thins, collagen and elastin weaken.
c. Fat in subcutaneous tissue declines, dermis thickens, collagen and elastin weaken.
d. Fat in subcutaneous tissue declines, dermis thickens, collagen and elastin decreases.
a
b
c
d
With age - Wound healing:
a. cell replacement decreases, and infection risk is possible.
b. cell replacement slows, and infection risk increases.
c. cell replacement decreases, and infection risk increases.
a
b
c
With age – Melanin:
a. Melanocyte production increase resulting in sensitivity to touch.
b. Melanocyte production increases resulting in sensitivity to sun.
c. Melanocyte production decreases resulting in sensitivity to sun.
a
b
c
With age - Proliferation of melanocytes:
a. decreases in localized areas Causing bleached spots on the skin.
b. Decreases in localized areas Causing brown spots on the skin.
c. Increases in localized areas Causing brown spots on the skin
d. Increases in localized areas Causing bleached spots on the skin.
a
b
c
d
