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Composition of the Earth (Part II)

Total questions: 53

Worksheet time: 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The process by which water, wind, ice, and changes in temperature break down rock into fragments called sediments.
a)
Deposition
b)
Erosion
c)
Weathering
d)
Igneous Rock
2.
Rock that forms when minerals form from solutions or sediment from older rocks get pressed and cemented together.
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
3.
The process by which metamorphic rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
compaction and cementation
c)
melting and cooling
4.
The process by which igneous rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
melting and cooling
c)
compaction and cementation
5.
A metamorphic rock can become ______.
a)
igneous
b)
metamorphic
c)
sedimentary
d)
all of these
6.
The name rock is given when it is broken down into smaller pieces.
a)
texture
b)
weathering
c)
sediment
d)
erosion
7.
What does it mean for a rock to be extrusive
a)
Have layers
b)
Have Rounded Edges
c)
Form from Lava
d)
Form By Sediment
8.
_______ rock forms from magma/lava
a)
Metamorphic
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Igneous
9.

The process by which rocks become exposed at the surface

a)

Rock Cycle

b)

Uplift

c)

Deposition

d)

Erosion

10.
When you watch a volcano erupt molten rock, you are seeing _____
a)
Lava
b)
Magma
c)
Mineral Crystals
d)
Igneous Rocks
11.
The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
d)
cementation
12.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
13.
The movement of weathered material (sediment) is called?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
14.
You find a rock in which the grains are arranged in parallel bands of white and black crystals.  The rock is probably a(n)
a)
Igneous rock
b)
Sedimentary rock
c)
Metamorphic rock
d)
Extrusive rock
15.

Mafic rocks are composed of mostly

a)

silicon and calcium

b)

sodium and magnesium

c)

potassium and aluminum

d)

iron and magnesium

16.

Felsic rocks are...

a)

light in color and contain very small crystals

b)

light in color due to a high silica content

c)

dark in color due to high magnesium content

d)

dark in color with very large crystals

17.

What elements would this rock most likely be rich in?

a)

iron and magnesium

b)

silicon and oxygen

c)

sodium and potassium

d)

aluminum and sodium

18.

Why are most beaches tan?

a)

They are composed of mostly quartz which resists weathering best

b)

The minerals that make them get bleached out by the sun

c)

Olivine is hard and highly resists weathering.

d)

Calcium plagioclase gives it a light color.

19.

How do intrusive igneous rocks form?

a)

from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface

b)

from magma that hardened beneath Earth's surface

20.

Fine-grained igneous rocks with small crystals formed from

a)

rapidly cooling lava

b)

slowly cooling magma

21.

Coarse-grained igneous rocks with large crystals formed from

a)

rapidly cooling lava

b)

slow cooling magma

22.

Pegmatite is a coarse-grained, intrusive, igneous rock. How did it form?

a)

rapidly cooling lava

b)

slowly cooling magma

23.

Chemical rocks are...

a)

Made from heat

b)

Made when water evaporates and minerals crystallize

c)

Made from dead animals/plants

d)

Made from pieces of other rocks

24.
What is an example of an organic rock?
a)
coal
b)
breccia
c)
rock salt
d)
shale
25.
This rock is made of large bits of gravel cemented together. What type of sedimentary rock is it?
a)
Clastic
b)
Chemical
c)
Organic
26.
What sized sediment makes shale?
a)
Sand
b)
Clay
c)
Cobble
27.
Which is bigger?
Silt, Cobble, or Sand
a)
Silt
b)
Cobble
c)
Sand
28.
The metamorphic rock __________ usually forms when limestone is subjected to heat and pressure deep beneath the surface.
a)
marble
b)
slate
c)
sandstone
29.
What is the name of this Metamorphic Rock?
a)
Schist
b)
Slate
c)
Gneiss
d)
Marble
30.
Which of these is a metamorphic rock?
a)
pumice
b)
sandstone
c)
slate
d)
coal
31.
__________ metamorphism occurs when magma heats the surrounding rock and changes it.
a)
Regional
b)
Forced
c)
Igneotrophic
d)
Contact
32.
__________ metamorphism occurs when rock formations in the crust collide and build pressure
a)
Regional
b)
Forced
c)
Igneotrophic
d)
Contact
33.

Which is the correct order of regionally metamorphosed rocks from low to high grade?

a)

shale, siltstone, sandstone, conglomerate

b)

slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss

c)

shale, schist, phyllite, gneiss

d)

pumice, rhyolite, granite, pegmatite

34.

The presence of coal is evidence of...

a)

an ancient sea

b)

an ancient mountain chain

c)

an ancient swamp

d)

an ancient river delta

35.

Which describes rock texture?

a)

the size of the grains

b)

the way it feels

c)

the way it reflects light

d)

the color of the minerals

36.

Which is a sedimentary rock?

a)

Bituminous Coal

b)

Anthracite Coal

c)

Slate

d)

Granite

37.
Which layer of Earth is located above the outer core?
a)
crust
b)
inner core
c)
mantle
d)
lithosphere
38.
The _________ is the thinnest layer of Earth.
a)
outer core
b)
inner core
c)
mantle
d)
crust
39.

Series of natural processes by which rocks are slowly

changed from one kind of a rock to another.

a)

igneous rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

rock cycle

40.

Not formed from living things or the remains of living things

a)

inorganic

b)

matter

c)

cells

d)

erosion

41.

A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition.

a)

deposit

b)

mineral

c)

weathering

d)

erosion

42.
Igneous Rocks form by what process?
a)
Weathering 
b)
Metamorphism
c)
Crystallization
d)
Evaporation
43.
If an igneous rock forms with lots of space and over a long period of time, what will the rock have?
a)
no mineral crystals
b)
smaller crystals
c)
both small and large crystals
d)
larger crystals
44.
What category of igneous rock has no crystals at all?
a)
glassy
b)
aphanitic/extrusive
c)
phaneritic/intrusive
d)
porphyritic
45.

The size of crystals in Igneous Rocks depends upon

a)

pressure

b)

the presence of air

c)

the presence of water

d)

cooling rate

46.

Igneous rocks are classified based upon their composition and

a)

size

b)

texture

c)

layers

d)

how they taste

47.

Extrusive rocks are formed

a)

underwater

b)

in a lab

c)

deep underground

d)

above the surface of a volcano

48.

Coarse-grained intrusive igneous rocks result when

a)

Sedimentary rocks are cemented and compacted.

b)

magma cools quickly

c)

magma cools slowly

d)

lava cools quickly

49.

Which characteristics could help you identify an igneous rock as cooling on the surface?

a)

Vesicles (air bubbles) and large crystals

b)

Vesicles (air bubbles) and very small or no crystals

c)

Large crystals and multi-colored

d)

Being dark or light in color and having layers

50.

Mafic rocks are

a)

light in color due to high silica content

b)

coarse-grained

c)

dark in color due to their high iron and magnesium content

d)

fine grained

51.

This igneous rock is

a)

granite

b)

basalt

c)

obsidian

d)

pumice

52.

This igneous rock is

a)

obsidian

b)

basalt

c)

pumice

d)

granite

53.

All igneous rocks are formed from

a)

cementing and compacting of rocks

b)

heat and pressure within the Earth

c)

the remains of ancient organisms

d)

magma and lava

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