下列在物體體積變化的過程中，何者牽涉到化學變化？［95.　基測Ⅰ］

英詳解:

【】The baking soda mixes the dough and expands by heating to form a bun. The baking soda is thermally decomposed to generate carbon dioxide to expand the dough, which is a chemical change.

在一個真空的密閉容器中放入甲、乙、丙、丁四種物質，於適當的條件下使其充分反應，經過一段時間後，測得相關資料如表所示。關於此反應的敘述，下列何者正確？〔101.　基測〕

英詳解:

(A) From the law of conservation of mass, it can be known that the mass of A after reaction is (6 + 1 + 2 + 32)-(25 + 2 + 【】) = 【】g;

(B) the mass change ratio of B and D is (25-1): (32-【】) = 24: 【】 = 【】;

(C) the mass of A and D is reduced and it is a reactant; (D) the mass of B is increased and it is a product; the mass of C is unchanged, it may be a catalyst or not participate in the reaction.

So choose 【】.

在密閉容器內置入　20　公克碳酸鈣水溶液及　20　公克鹽酸水溶液，反應後會生成氯化鈣水溶液以及二氧化碳，此時容器內物質的總質量為多少公克？

英詳解:

According to the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of the reactants before the reaction will be equal to the total mass of the products after the reaction, so the total mass of the substance in the container is 【】 + 20 = 【】 (g)

有關化學反應發生前後的變化，下列敘述何者正確？

英詳解:

A chemical reaction is a process in which atoms in a substance are rearranged to form a new substance. According to the law of conservation of mass, the total number of atoms before and after a chemical reaction does not change, but the total number of molecules may change.

有一反應的反應式為：甲＋乙--(戊)-->丙＋丁，反應前後的質量如表所示。表中　X、Y　的數值分別為下列何者？〔100.　基測Ⅱ〕

英詳解:

E is a catalyst and the mass remains unchanged after the reaction, Y = 1.30 + 30 = 7 + 【】 + X, X = 【】.

甲、乙、丙、丁分別代表四種不同的純物質，取　10　公克甲和　8　公克乙進行反應，其化學反應式為：2　甲＋乙→丙＋丁。反應後乙完全用完，甲剩下　1　公克，生成　6　公克的丙，則此化學反應生成丁多少公克？［95.　基測Ⅰ］

英詳解:

A is left with 克 1 g, which means that 9 g is used. The total weight of the reactant is 17 g, and 6 g is produced. Therefore, the weight of D is 17-【】 = 【】(g).

物質產生化學變化，表示物質內的原子發生了什麼改變？

英詳解:無

以　36　公克的　X　和足量的　Y　恰可完全反應生成　48　公克的　X₂Y，且無剩餘的　X，則下列何者也可完全反應生成　X₂Y，且無剩餘的　X　和　Y？〔99.　基測Ⅰ〕

英詳解:

From the law of conservation of mass, it can be seen that: 36 g X can completely react with 12 g Y, resulting in 48 g X2Y. When the reaction is complete, the mass ratio of X and Y is 【】: 1.

如圖為阿浩進行某實驗的步驟圖，最後他會觀察到甲試管內呈現何種狀況？〔102.　基測〕

英詳解

Calcium chloride + sodium carbonate → calcium carbonate (white) ↓ + sodium chloride.

在室溫時，體積為　100　升的真空密閉容器中，通入　28　克氮氣和　32　克氧氣，加熱反應產生　NO₂　氣體，反應式如下：N₂＋2O₂　→　2NO₂。若反應前後容器的體積及溫度不變，則反應後容器內氣體的平均密度為多少克／升？［91.　基測Ⅰ］

英詳解:無

將大理石和裝有鹽酸的燒杯一起放在天平上測其質量，如圖所示。然後把大理石放入燒杯中，一段時間後再以同一天平測其質量，有關此實驗結果之預測，下列敘述何者正確？［93.　基測Ⅱ］

英詳解

Because the beaker is not closed, the carbon dioxide produced will escape and the mass will be reduced compared to before the reaction.

已知　3　g　的甲化合物恰可與　3　g　的乙化合物完全反應，生成　6　g　的丙化合物。若取　5　g　的甲化合物和　10　g　的乙化合物進行反應，則下列敘述何者正確？［98.　基測Ⅱ］

英詳解:

5 g of gadolinium was completely reacted with 5 g of gadolinium to produce 10 g of gadolinium, leaving 5 g of gadolinium.