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WorksheetsEarth Science Weathering and Erosion
Total questions: 17
Worksheet time: 9mins
Which process describes the downward sliding of the rock material?
tidal changes
glacial erosion
mass movement
lava flow
The photograph below shows conglomerate composed of pebbles cemented together with calcite. Compared to the ages of the calcite cement and the conglomerate, the relative ages of the pebbles are
younger than both the calcite cement and the conglomerate
younger than the calcite cement, but the same age as the conglomerate
older than both the calcite cement and the conglomerate
older than the calcite cement, but the same age as the conglomerate
At which New York State location can intensely metamorphosed surface bedrock be found?
Rochester
Old Forge
Slide Mountaing
Utica
Which geologic processes are most likely responsible for the banding and alignment of mineral crystals represented in diagram B?
melting and solidification
heating and increasing pressure
compaction and cementation
weathering and erosion
The diagram above represents a naturally occurring geologic process. Which process is best illustrated by the diagram?
cementation
erosion
metamorphism
weathering
The soil shown in time 2 was formed mainly by
compaction and cementing
weathering and biological activity
faulting and tilting of rock strata
mass movement and deposition of particles
Earth has sedimentary bedrock of marine origin
that is four billion years old. Which inference
can be made from this information?
Earth had oceans four billion years ago.
Sedimentary rocks formed from magma when Earth cooled four billion years ago.
Most sedimentary rocks are at least four billion years old.
Life existed on Earth four billion years ago.
The block diagram below represents a landscape
where caverns and sinkholes have gradually
developed over a long period of time.
The bedrock chemically reacted with acidic groundwater.
This type of bedrock contained large amounts of oxygen and silicon.
Glacial deposits altered the shape of the bedrock.
Crustal uplift formed gaps in the bedrock.
The cross section below shows soil layer X, which was formed from underlying bedrock. Which change would most likely cause soil layer X to increase in thickness?
a decrease in slope
a decrease in rainfall
an increase in biologic activity
an increase in air pressure
The cross section below shows layers of soil. Which two processes produced the layer of dark brown to black soil?
melting and solidification of magma
erosion and uplifting
weathering and biologic activity
compaction and cementation
In addition to the ash, solid rock formed on Mt. Hekla from the lava extruded during this eruption. This rock is most likely
light-colored metamorphic
dark-colored metamorphic
fine-grained igneous
coarse-grained igneous
The fine-grained texture of most of the igneous rock formed on the surface of Iceland is due to
rapid cooling of the molten rock
high density of the molten rock
numerous faults in the island's bedrock
high pressure under the island
The diagram below shows granite bedrock with cracks. Water has seeped into the cracks and frozen. The arrows represent the directions in which the cracks have widened due to weathering. Which statement best describes the physical weathering shown by the diagram?
Enlargement of the cracks occurs because water expands when it freezes.
This type of weathering occurs only in bedrock composed of granite.
The cracks become wider because of chemical reactions between water and the rock.
This type of weathering is common in regions of primarily warm and humid climates.
The diagram below shows four magnified block-shaped sandstone samples labeled A, B, C, and D. Each sandstone sample contains quartz grains of different shapes and sizes. The quartz grains are held together by hematite cement. In which sample did the quartz grains undergo the most abrasion during erosional transport?
A
B
C
D
The diagrams below represent four different examples of one process that transports sediments. Which process is shown in these diagrams?
chemical weathering
wind action
mass movement
rock abrasion
Which term best identifies the type of weathering represented by A?
physical
biological
chemical
glacial
The two block diagrams below represent the formation of caves. Which types of weathering and erosion are primarily responsible for the formation of caves?
chemical weathering and groundwater flow
chemical weathering and runoff
physical weathering and groundwater flow
physical weathering and runoff
