Which of the following would be most directly affected by the flow of a glacier?

The picture shows Mount St. Helen, Washington State before and after May 18, 1980. What happened?

Some changes occur to Earth’s surface slowly while other changes occur rapidly. Which of the following changes the Earth’s surface rapidly?

A new lava flow has created a thick layer of basalt. Which unit of measure would scientists use to measure the thickness of the rock layer, created as a result of volcanic activity?

Earth has four major layers as seen in the diagram below. The crust makes up a thin layer on the surface of our planet. This layer is not all in one piece, but is made up of many pieces – like a puzzle covering the surface of the Earth. These pieces, called plates, slowly move around, sliding and bumping into each other. Which of the following is responsible for rapid changes to Earth’s surface caused by shifting plates?

A teacher asks students to develop a question to research volcanoes. All the following questions would be valid to research EXCEPT –

Landslides change the Earth’s surface rapidly when dirt, rocks, and pebbles slide down a slope together. Sometimes these landslides are small and other times they may change the entire side of a mountain. Which of the following is a cause of landslides?

In an activity, students rub two wood blocks together in opposite directions. Which natural occurrence does this activity represent?

The Hawaiian Islands were formed and continue to grow under the ocean surface. Which natural occurrences formed the Hawaiian Islands?

A very mountainous region in California has had an extreme amount of rain over the last 2 days. People living in this area should watch out for—

A large wave that is formed out at sea by tectonic plate movement is called a tsunami. What is the cause of a tsunami?

How does an area benefit from volcanic activity?

Which of these is least likely to cause a rapid change to Earth’s surface?

Which of the following most likely caused the change in the location shown?

Before investigating rapid changes in the Earth’s surface, students each developed a hypothesis about what rapid changes in Earth’s surface meant. Which student’s hypothesis was correct?

Students learn through investigation that landslides travel at tremendous speeds. They research the effects of landslide speeds and report that some slides travel at speeds approaching 200 miles per hour. Students decide to further investigate these reports by testing different amounts of water on three landform models all made of rock and pebbles. What is the variable in this experimental investigation?

The diagram shows 4 layers of the Earth identified by numbers. Which layer experiences changes from earthquakes?

Students build volcano models for a class science project. When vinegar, baking soda, dish detergent, and food coloring were mixed, a reaction caused the volcano to look like it was erupting. In the model, what part of a volcano did the mixture represent?

When working with vinegar and baking soda, what procedure should students follow when testing the volcano model?

Which of the following best completes the table?

A seismograph is an instrument used for recording the waves caused by vibration and motion of the ground. The invention, a seismograph is most useful for measuring—