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IB ESS 5.1 Introduction to soil systems

Total questions: 45

Worksheet time: 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

This image is called.....

a)

A soil horizon

b)

A soil profile

c)

A soil pit

d)

A soil sample

2.
Which of these is not a function of soil?
a)
Base for construction
b)
Habitat for soil organisms
c)
Support plant growth
d)
Something which chemically weathers parent rock
3.
Which of these is a correct definition of the A horizon?
a)
A layer of partially decomposed organic matter
b)
A layer of unweathered parent rock material
c)
Mineral matter mixed with some organic matter
d)
A zone of illuviation
4.

The finest soil particles are known as -

(HINT: They trap & hold nutrients ... sometimes out of plants' roots' reach)

a)

silt

b)

clay

c)

loam

d)

sand

5.

The most productive soil type is

a)

sandy soil

b)

clay soil

c)

loam soil

d)

silty clay loam

6.

soil flows include (choose all that apply)

a)

weathering

b)

decomposition

c)

leaching

d)

organic matter

e)

biological mixing

7.

soil storages include (select all that apply)

a)

leaching

b)

water

c)

nutrients

d)

air

e)

organisms

8.

The A soil horizon (topsoil) is made up of

a)

leaf litter

b)

bedrock

c)

clay and minerals

d)

decomposed organic matter and minerals

9.

Weathering is a process where

a)

organic matter is broken down into smaller parts, usually by living organisms

b)

rock is broken down into soil and small grains

c)

soluble nutrients and minerals are drained from soil through water action

d)

soil/rock is moved from one surface to another by wind/water/glaciers

10.

Leaching is a process where

a)

organic matter is broken down into smaller parts, usually by living organisms

b)

rock is broken down into soil and small grains

c)

soluble nutrients and minerals are drained from soil through water action

d)

soil/rock is moved from one surface to another by wind/water/glaciers

11.

Decomposition is a process where

a)

organic matter is broken down into smaller parts, usually by living organisms

b)

rock is broken down into soil and small grains

c)

soluble nutrients and minerals are drained from soil through water action

d)

soil/rock is moved from one surface to another by wind/water/glaciers

12.

Erosion is a process where

a)

organic matter is broken down into smaller parts, usually by living organisms

b)

rock is broken down into soil and small grains

c)

soluble nutrients and minerals are drained from soil through water action

d)

soil/rock is moved from one surface to another by wind/water/glaciers

13.
In which horizon is most of the HUMUS?
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
14.
THIS HORIZON IS MADE OF DECAYING LEAVES, TWIGS AND ANIMAL REMAINS/WASTES......
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
O
15.

Which factors are primarily responsible for decomposition of organic materials in soil?

a)

Animal action and plant action

b)

Animal action alone

c)

Fungus action, animals, and microorganisms

d)

Fungus action alone

e)

Microorganisms alone

16.
Humus is important because...
a)
It contains toxic waste
b)
It contains acids and bases
c)
It breaks down rocks
d)
It helps plants grow
17.
In which answer choice are the soil particles arranged in order from LARGEST to SMALLEST?
a)
Silt, sand, clay
b)
Silt, clay, sand
c)
Clay, silt, sand
d)
Sand, silt, clay
18.
The picture shows tropical soil. This forms in warm, wet regions, so which of the following characteristics seems to fit best? The soil contains...
a)
Much humus and grows crops well
b)
Some humus and grows crops well
c)
Much humus and does not grow crops well
d)
Some humus and does not grow crops well
19.
The picture shows temperate soil. This forms moderate rainfall and temperature regions, so which of the following characteristics seems to fit best? The soil contains...
a)
Much organic material and grows crops well
b)
Much organic material and does not grow crops well
c)
Little organic material and grows crops well
d)
Little organic material and does not grow crops well
20.

Which soil has the greatest permeability or quickest flow?

a)

sand

b)

silt

c)

clay

d)

humus

21.
Fertile soil is rich in _________.
a)
Conservation
b)
Bedrock
c)
Water
d)
Nutrients
22.
Soil is a ___________ resource.
a)
Renewable
b)
Nonrenewable
c)
Conservation
d)
Human
23.

Which dimensions correctly describe SILT particles

a)

< 0.002mm

b)

0.002 - 0.05 mm

c)

0.05 - 2 mm

d)

> 2 mm

24.

Which dimensions correctly describe CLAY particles

a)

< 0.002mm

b)

0.002 - 0.05 mm

c)

0.05 - 2 mm

d)

> 2 mm

25.

Which dimensions correctly describe SAND particles

a)

< 0.002mm

b)

0.002 - 0.05 mm

c)

0.05 - 2 mm

d)

> 2 mm

26.

Which characteristics are common to a SANDY soil?

a)

gritty and falls apart easily

b)

feel slippery like wet talcum powder and hold together quite well

c)

feel sticky and can be rolled into a ball easily

d)

Holds together well, can be worked easily &retains nutrients and water

27.

Which characteristics are common to a SILTY soil?

a)

gritty and falls apart easily

b)

feel slippery like wet talcum powder and hold together quite well

c)

feel sticky and can be rolled into a ball easily

d)

Holds together well, can be worked easily &retains nutrients and water

28.

Which characteristics are common to a LOAM soil?

a)

gritty and falls apart easily

b)

feels slippery like wet talcum powder and hold together quite well

c)

feels sticky and can be rolled into a ball easily

d)

Holds together well, can be worked easily &retains nutrients and water

29.

Which characteristics are common to a LOAM soil?

a)

gritty and falls apart easily

b)

feels slippery like wet talcum powder and hold together quite well

c)

feels sticky and can be rolled into a ball easily

d)

Holds together well, can be worked easily &retains nutrients and water

30.

Which characteristics are common to a CLAY soil?

a)

gritty and falls apart easily

b)

feels slippery like wet talcum powder and hold together quite well

c)

feels sticky and can be rolled into a ball easily

d)

Holds together well, can be worked easily &retains nutrients and water

31.

What type of soil has % clay 15 silt 20 sand 75?

(a)  

32.

What type of soil has % clay 10 silt 70 sand 20?

(a)  

33.

What type of soil has % clay 40 silt 20 sand 40?

(a)  

34.

What type of soil has % clay 50 silt 50 sand 0?

(a)  

35.

What type of soil has % clay 50 silt 20 sand 30?

(a)  

36.

Which of these transfers creates the organisation of horizons in the soil profile?

a)

Weathering

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Biological mixing

d)

Decomposition

37.

Which of these are transformations in the soil system?

a)

uptake by plants

b)

decomposition

c)

leaching

d)

organic matter

e)

weathering

38.

Which of these are inputs into the soil system?

a)

evaporation

b)

biological mixing

c)

leaf litter

d)

precipitation

e)

minerals from bedrock

39.

Which characteristics are common to a SANDY soil?

a)

High mineral content

b)

High potential to hold organic matter

c)

Good drainage

d)

Good water holding capacity

e)

Large air spaces

40.

Which characteristics are common to a CLAY soil?

a)

High mineral content

b)

High potential to hold organic matter

c)

Good drainage

d)

Good water holding capacity

e)

Large air spaces

41.

Weathering is a

a)

Transfer

b)

Transformation

42.

Erosion is a

a)

Transfer

b)

Transformation

43.

Leaching is a

a)

Transfer

b)

Transformation

44.

Denitrification is a

a)

Transfer

b)

Transformation

45.

Photosynthesis is a

a)

Transfer

b)

Transformation

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