Free Printable Diseases

1.

Scientists studied the multidrug resistant bacterial infections in children, caused by one type of bacteria, between 2007 and 2015. The percentage of multidrug resistant infections rose from 0.2% to 1.5%.

What was the percentage increase in multidrug resistant infections between 2007 and 2015?

a)

A 1.3%

b)

B 87%

c)

C 130%

d)

D 650%

2.

The statements refer to the disease tuberculosis (TB).

1 The pathogen lives inside human cells so is not accessible to the immune system.

2 The bacterial pathogen reproduces slowly.

3 The pathogen is not very sensitive to antibiotics.

Which explains why antibiotic treatment for TB takes a long time?

a)

A 1, 2 and 3

b)

B 1 and 2 only

c)

C 1 only

d)

D 2 and 3 only

3.

Different antibiotics function in different ways. It is important that the antibiotic kills the bacteria, but does not harm the infected human.

The antibiotic tetracycline has been found to affect the way in which human mitochondria function.

Which statements could explain why human mitochondria function is affected by tetracycline?

a)

A The antibiotic prevents the synthesis of peptidoglycan cell walls.

b)

B The antibiotic prevents synthesis of linear DNA.

c)

C The antibiotic prevents translation of circular DNA.

d)

D The antibiotic prevents translation by binding to 70S ribosomes.

4.

The diagram shows properties of diseases. Which shows the properties that are common to tuberculosis (TB) and measles?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

5.

Which use of antibiotics helps to reduce the spread of resistance in bacteria?

a)

A using high concentrations of the antibiotic to kill all the bacteria

b)

B giving routine preventative antibiotics to people who are having an operation

c)

C regularly changing the type of antibiotic used to treat particular bacterial infections

d)

D giving antibiotics to treat low level infection caused by a bacterium

6.

How does penicillin affect bacteria?

a)

A It inhibits DNA replication by binding to nucleotides.

b)

B It inhibits translation by preventing tRNA binding to ribosomes.

c)

C It is a competitive inhibitor of an enzyme in cell wall synthesis.

d)

D It is a competitive inhibitor of an enzyme in protein synthesis.

7.

What is a social factor that affects the spread of malaria?

a)

A an increase in drug resistant forms of malaria

b)

B climate change

c)

C difficulty in producing a vaccine

d)

D migration of people because of wars

8.

Which row correctly identifies the causative organism of each disease?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

9.

What explains why most viruses that cause diseases in humans are unaffected by antibiotics?

a)

A Viral antigens do not bind to antibiotics.

b)

B Viral nucleic acids are protected by a protein coat.

c)

C Viruses contain no ribosomes or mRNA.

d)

D Viruses reproduce inside living eukaryotic cells.

10.

A West African country introduced a measles vaccination during a measles epidemic.

Later, it was realised that vaccinated children were more likely to survive childhood than unvaccinated children, even when there were no measles epidemics.

The vaccine had given the children some protection against other pathogenic infections. Which statement could account for this extra protection?

a)

A B-lymphocytes produced memory cells which gave the children passive immunity to these infections.

b)

B Memory cells produced plasma cells which secreted anti-measles antibodies that bound to antigens that closely resembled measles antigens.

c)

C Memory cells produced plasma cells which secreted anti-measles antibodies that bound to any antigen.

d)

D T-lymphocytes produced memory cells which gave the children natural immunity against these other infections.

11.

The antibiotic tetracycline binds to the small subunit of bacterial ribosomes, stopping protein synthesis.

Bacteria have become resistant to tetracycline due to the effect of mutations. Which effect could produce resistance to tetracycline?

a)

A preventing tetracycline from binding to the bacterial cell wall

b)

B preventing tetracycline from entering the bacterial cell

c)

C preventing tetracycline from inhibiting transcription

d)

D preventing the production of tetracycline by ribosomes

12.

Which statements about infectious diseases are correct?

1 Cholera has a vaccine available and is caused by a bacterial pathogen of the Vibrio group.

2 Measles has a vaccine available and is caused by a pathogen called Morbillivirus.

3 Smallpox was eradicated by vaccination and was caused by a bacterial pathogen called Variola.

a)

A 1 and 2

b)

B 1 and 3

c)

C 2 and 3

d)

D 2 only

13.

Which list contains only infectious diseases?

a)

A cholera, HIV/AIDS, lung cancer and malaria

b)

B cholera, malaria, tuberculosis (TB) and sickle cell anaemia

c)

C HIV/AIDS, malaria, measles and tuberculosis (TB)

d)

D lung cancer, measles, sickle cell anaemia and tuberculosis (TB)

14.

Some antibiotics work by binding to ribosomes.

Which statement explains why these antibiotics kill bacteria cells but do not kill most human cells?

a)

A mRNA in bacteria is formed in the cytoplasm from naked DNA.

b)

B The antibiotics cannot pass through human cell membranes.

c)

C The codes used for amino acids in bacteria are different from those used by humans.

d)

D The ribosomes of bacteria have a different structure from those of humans.

15.

Which row identifies both the type of pathogen that causes cholera and the way in which cholera is transmitted from person to person?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

16.

Which statements about a non-infectious disease may be correct?

1 It can result from a mutation. 2 It can be transmitted by an insect vector.

3 It can be transmitted from mother to child.

a)

A 1, 2 and 3

b)

B 1 and 2 only

c)

C 1 and 3 only

d)

D 2 and 3 only

17.

Which of these terms can be used to describe the role of mosquitoes in the transmission of malaria?

1 malarial parasite 2 pathogen 3 vector

a)

A 1, 2 and 3

b)

B 1 and 2 only

c)

C 1 and 3 only

d)

D 3 only

18.

Which pathogens are spread by droplet infection?

1 Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2 Vibrio cholera 3 Morbillivirus

a)

A 1, 2 and 3

b)

B 1 and 2 only

c)

C 1 and 3 only

d)

D 2 and 3 only

19.

What is the causative agent and method of transmission of smallpox?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

20.

Which factors contribute to outbreaks of measles after natural disasters?

1 contamination of drinking water with untreated sewage

2 lack of effective vaccination coverage in the population before the disaster

3 people living in overcrowded accommodation

a)

A 1, 2 and 3

b)

B 1 and 2 only

c)

C 1 and 3 only

d)

D 2 and 3 only

21.

What is correct for tuberculosis (TB)?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

22.

Which factor might have contributed to the spread of HIV/AIDS?

a)

A few clinics and hospitals

b)

B insufficient education

c)

C malnutrition

d)

D poor sanitation

23.

Why is it difficult to control the spread of measles?

1 Global air travel for commerce and tourism has increased.

2 The virus that causes measles rapidly evolves resistance to antibiotics.

3 The virus that causes measles shows great antigenic variability.

4 Civil unrest and poverty result in overcrowded living conditions.

a)

A 1, 2 and 4

b)

B 1, 2 and 3

c)

C 1 and 4 only

d)

D 4 only

24.

Which disease is not likely to be passed directly from parents to child?

a)

A cholera

b)

B malaria

c)

C sickle cell anaemia

d)

D tuberculosis

25.

Why do people in refugee camps have a high risk of being infected by cholera?

a)

A Drinking water is likely to be contaminated with sewage.

b)

B People live in close contact, increasing the risk of droplet infection.

c)

C There is a shortage of antibiotics.

d)

D There is a shortage of food and water.

26.

A person who returns home after a visit to a foreign country starts to have fevers at regular intervals. Blood tests taken between the fevers and during the fevers show a decrease in the number of red blood cells (anaemia).

Which disease does this person have?

a)

A cholera

b)

B HIV/AIDS

c)

C malaria

d)

D TB

27.

Which explains why sickle cell anaemia has not been eradicated?

a)

A Identification of carriers is too difficult as they show no symptoms.

b)

B Sickle cell anaemia gives the individual some resistance against malaria.

c)

C Sickle cell anaemia is an inherited disease, so vaccination is not possible.

d)

D The gene responsible for sickle cell anaemia has a high rate of mutation..

28.

Which statements about people infected with HIV/AIDS are correct?

1 They can be treated and completely cured.

2 They may live for many years after infection.

3 They will have symptoms.

a)

A 1, 2 and 3

b)

B 1 and 3 only

c)

C 2 only

d)

D 3 only

29.

Scientists are concerned that avian (bird) flu caused by the H5N1 virus could infect humans and cause a pandemic. What could help prevent humans from spreading the disease?

1 killing all poultry

2 reducing the number of air flights

3 taking a course of antibiotics

a)

A 1 only

b)

B 2 only

c)

C 3 only

d)

D 1, 2 and 3

30.

Some antibiotics are used in animal feed to reduce disease. What explains why these antibiotics should not be used in the treatment of human diseases?

a)

A Human cells may stop responding to these antibiotics.

b)

B Humans may be allergic to these antibiotics.

c)

C Pathogenic bacteria may develop resistance to these antibiotics.

d)

D Useful gut bacteria may be killed by these antibiotics

31.

Smallpox has been eradicated, but malaria and cholera have not. Which statements correctly explain this?

1 Cholera pathogens in the intestines are not destroyed by antibiotics.

2 Plasmodium antigens change during the life cycle.

3 Smallpox antigens remain stable.

4 Vaccines only work against viruses.

a)

A 1, 2 and 3

b)

B 1, 2 and 4

c)

C 1, 3 and 4

d)

D 2, 3 and 4

32.

An antibiotic inhibits the formation of cross-links between the molecules that form cell walls in bacteria. Which statements explain why bacteria are killed by the antibiotic?

1 The bacterial cell is destroyed by osmotic lysis.

2 Cellulose molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds.

3 The cell wall is no longer selectively permeable.

a)

A 1 and 2 only

b)

B 2 and 3 only

c)

C 1 only

d)

D 2 only

33.

More people are exposed to the risk of contracting malaria due to an increase in the distribution of Anopheles mosquitoes.

What could be the cause of this increase?

a)

A drug resistance in Plasmodium

b)

B global warming

c)

C insecticide resistance

d)

D no effective vaccine

34.

The proportion of the local population who have malaria in area R is higher than the proportion in area S.

Which factor causes this difference?

a)

A Area R has a more humid climate than area S.

b)

B Area R is nearer the equator than area S.

c)

C There is a higher population in area R than area S.

d)

D There is less sewage treatment in area R than area S.

35.

Which of the following increases the risk of contracting measles?

1 drinking unpasteurised milk

2 eating shellfish which have fed on raw sewage

3 living in overcrowded conditions

a)

A 3 only

b)

B 1 and 2

c)

C 1 and 3

d)

D 2 and 3

Diseases

Total questions: 35

Worksheet time: 35mins

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