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WorksheetsNon-specific defence against disease
Total questions: 31
Worksheet time: 17mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Non-specific defences are ______________ for each type of pathogen
a)
the same
b)
different
2.
Non-specific defences that prevent pathogens getting into the body are called…?
a)
barrages
b)
bridges
c)
barriers
d)
b-cells
3.
Which of the following is not a barrier?
a)
skin
b)
inflammation
c)
blood clotting
d)
mucous membranes
4.
What is the function of the flora of healthy microorganisms found on our skin?
a)
to fight pathogens
b)
to protect the skin
c)
to produce mucus
d)
to outcompete pathogens
5.
What do the pathogens and healthy skin microorganisms compete for?
a)
space
b)
food
c)
light
d)
exam results
6.
What is the name of the oily substance secreted by the skin that inhitbits growth of pathogens?
a)
wax
b)
grease
c)
seabum
d)
sebum
7.
Body _____________ are lined with mucous membranes
a)
tracks
b)
tracts
c)
tacts
d)
trachts
8.
Which two types of cell make up a mucous membrane?
a)
ciliated epithelial
b)
stem
c)
goblet
d)
squamous epithelial
9.
Which cell of the mucous membrane makes mucus?
a)
ciliated epithelial
b)
goblet
10.
What is the function of the mucus?
a)
trap pathogens
b)
waft pathogens
c)
kill pathogens
11.
What chemical defence is found in the mucus?
a)
acid
b)
phagocytes
c)
lysozymes
d)
lysosomes
12.
What type of cell is found patrolling the mucous membrane and how does it defend against pathogens?
a)
phagocyte, produces antibodies
b)
phagocyte, engulfs and destroys them
c)
lymphocyte, engulfs and destroys them
d)
lymphocyte, produces antibodies
13.
Which of the following is not an expulsive reflex?
a)
coughing
b)
vomiting
c)
sneezing
d)
blowing your nose
14.
In blood clotting, contact with which fibrous protein causes platelets to stick to the damaged area?
a)
collagen
b)
elastin
c)
cellulose
d)
haemoglobin
15.
The activated platelets secrete which of the following?
a)
fibrin
b)
serotonin
c)
fibrinogen
d)
thromboplastin
16.
Serotonin causes ____________muscle in blood vessel walls to _____________?
a)
skeletal muscle, contract
b)
skeletal muscle, relax
c)
smooth muscle, contract
d)
smooth muscle, relax
17.
The action of serotonin ______________ blood flow to the area
a)
increases
b)
reduces
18.
What is the medical name for a blood clot?
a)
a thrombin
b)
a thrombo
c)
a thrombus
d)
a trombone
19.
What type(s) of molecule is thromboplastin?
a)
a protein
b)
a lipid
c)
an enzyme
d)
a nucleotide
20.
What is formed from the dried out clot?
a)
a scar
b)
a scab
c)
a slab
d)
a scam
21.
Scar tissue is tougher than the damaged tissue it replaces because it contains more…
a)
elastin
b)
keratin
c)
collagen
d)
fat
22.
The inflammatory response starts as a _____________ response to damage or irritants
a)
systemic
b)
localised
23.
Which of the following is not a symptom of inflammation?
a)
pain
b)
paleness
c)
heat
d)
swelling
24.
Which type of white blood cell is activated in damaged tissue?
a)
lymphocyte
b)
monocyte
c)
t-helper cell
d)
mast cell
25.
Which cell signalling molecules do activated mast cells secrete?
a)
histamine
b)
cytokines
c)
serotonin
d)
opsonins
26.
Which cell signalling molecule attracts phagocytes to the site of infection?
a)
cytokines
b)
histamine
27.
Which of the following responses are caused by histamine?
a)
blood vessel walls become more leaky
b)
blood vessel walls become less leaky
c)
blood vessels dilate
d)
blood vessels constrict
28.
Increased production of tissue fluid causes which symptom(s) of the inflammatory response?
a)
pain
b)
heat
c)
redness
d)
swelling
29.
Localised heat and redness are caused by…?
a)
vasoconstriction
b)
vasodilation
30.
The increased heat at the site of infection helps to…?
a)
kill pathogens
b)
slow down pathogen reproduction
c)
prevent infection
d)
make pathogens more visible
31.
Pathogens that have managed to get into the body are destroyed by...
a)
T-cells
b)
B-cells
c)
mast cells
d)
phagocytosis
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