State 3 stages of urine formation?

(a)  

Explain the process happened at glomerulus? [3m]

(a)  

Table shows the filtrate content in R and S. State one difference in the concentration of amino acid between R and S.

(a)  

Give the reason why there is difference in amino acid in R and S?

(a)  

Urine of a person contain glucose. What is the disease he suffers from?

(a)  

The nephrones of certain animal living in the desert has very long loops of Henle. State the effect on the filtrate and volume of urine produced. [3m]

(a)  

Both kidney of a patient fails to function. This causes the water imbalance and accumulation of urea in blood. Explain the effect of kidney failure to the regulation of water balance in blood.

(a)