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WorksheetsPharmacology Review
Total questions: 21
Worksheet time: 21mins
A patient is taking a glucocorticoid inhaler. The nurse should advise the patient to do which of the following:
Use the glucocorticoid inhaler at the first sign of wheezing.
Take the glucocorticoid inhaler before the beta2 adrenergic agonist inhaler.
Swish the mouth with water and expel the water from the mouth after use.
Drugs that loosen bronchial secretions are from which of the following groups?
Decongestants
Expectorants
Antitussives
What properties of antihistamine medications result in decreased secretions but also urinary retention and constipation
Cholinergic
Antitussive
Anticholinergic
For quick relief of an asthmatic symptoms, what type of drug would be used first?
Short-acting inhaled Beta2 agonist
Inhaled glucocorticoid
Theophylline preparation
When replacing calcium by the PO route it is essential to also have which of the following to ensure the calcium is absorbed from the GI tract:
Vitamin D
Phosphorus
Sodium
Which of the following physician orders would the nurse question when administering potassium chloride (KCl) IV to a patient with a K of 2.7 [normal range is: 3.5-5 mEq/L]?
Check for adequate urinary output
Give 40 mEq KCL undiluted IVP
Give 40 mEq KCL po
The nurse should instruct the client to take KCl
With 4 ounces or more of fluid, or at mealtime
At bedtime; fluid intake is not necessary
Daily with sips of water
A client’s serum potassium is 6.5 mEq/L. The most effective method to correct this hyperkalemia would be:
To administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate
To administer IV sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
Insulin and glucose administration
An elderly patient in the emergency room was receiving an infusion of Lactated Ringer’s due to dehydration. Two hours later, you find the patient currently has a bounding pulse, is short of breath, has crackles upon auscultation of lung fields and has distended neck veins. What does this patient show signs of?
Hypervolemia, and needs a decrease in fluids
Hypovolemia, and needs an increase in fluids
Nothing; no adjustment is needed
A client is ordered to receive Lactated Ringer’s solution. This is what type of IV solution?
cyrstalloid
colloid
A client is ordered to receive 0.9%NS solution. This is what type of IV solution?
isotonic crystalloid
isotonic colloid
hypotonic crystalloid
hypertonic crystalloid
Which drugs may be used in the treatment of GERD [gastroesophageal reflux disease] (select all that apply):
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Statins
Histamine2 Blockers
Neuromuscular junction blockers
The nurse is preparing to administer a known vesicant. Prior to administration the nurse assesses the IV site for infiltration. The nurse knows signs and symptoms of infiltration include (select all that apply):
Swelling at the site
Pallor at the site
Redness at the site
Warm to the touch at the site
Bulk-forming laxatives:
Should be taken with sufficient water to prevent fecal impaction
Decrease peristalsis and gastrointestinal motility
Produce watery stools
What is the goal behind administration of activated charcoal or syrup of Ipecac?
Promote vomiting
Resolve nausea
Absorb poison
How does the anti-emetic prochlorperazine (Compazine) work?
It blocks the acetylcholine receptors associated with vomiting
It blocks the histamine receptor sites and inhibits the CTZ
It prohibits the muscle contraction in the abdominal wall, preventing vomiting
These fluids are most commonly used in traumatic situations or if large amounts of fluid are lost via the alimentary tract.
hypertonic
hypotonic
isotonic
A client is ordered to receive Mylanta, an antacid. The nurse is aware that the ideal interval for taking Mylanta is:
1-3 hours after meals
1-3 hours before meals
30 minutes before meals
The nurse teaches the patient with heart failure to avoid the use of sodium phosphate laxatives. What is the correct rationale for this teaching?
the absorption of sodium causes fluid retention with exacerbates heart failure
the patient should avoid all laxatives due to their side effects
the absorption of sodium phosphate will alleviate fluid retention and help the symptoms of heart failure
Inhaled anticholinergic medications cause which local anticholinergic effects? (select all that apply)
dry mouth
hoarsness
cough
bronchospasm
Long-term steroid use can lead to which complications? (select all that apply)
bone loss
hyperglycemia
infections
fluid retention (weight gain)
hoarseness
