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Ch. 6 Anatomy and Physiology

Total questions: 63

Worksheet time: 16hrs 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The study of body structures that can be seen with the eye is called _____.

a)

anatomy

b)

physiology

c)

kinesiology

d)

histology

2.

The scientific study of the functions and activities performed by the body’s structures is called _____.

a)

neurology

b)

anatomy

c)

physiology

d)

reflexology

3.

The basic units of all living things are _____.

a)

bacteria

b)

cells

c)

plasmas

d)

hormones

4.

The cells of all living organisms are made of a substance called _____.

a)

protoplasm

b)

neoplasm

c)

ultraplasm

d)

cytoplasm

5.

______is to raw egg white as _____ is to raw egg yolk.

a)

Protoplasm; nucleus

b)

Cell membrane; protoplasm

c)

Nucleus; cytoplasm

d)

Cytoplasm; cell membrane

6.

The dense, active structure at the center of the cell is the _____.

a)

nucleus

b)

membrane

c)

neuron

d)

origin

7.

What is the fluid of a cell that surrounds the nucleus and is necessary for growth and reproduction?

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Cerebrospinal fluid

c)

Mitosis

d)

Cytoplasm

8.

In living organisms, cell reproduction is called _____.

a)

mitosis

b)

catabolism

c)

metabolism

d)

aptosis

9.

Most cells reproduce by dividing into two cells called _____ cells.

a)

neutral

b)

daughter

c)

twin

d)

sibling

10.

A collection of similar cells that perform a function is called a(n) _____.

a)

tissue

b)

structure

c)

organ

d)

organism

11.

What is the tissue that binds together, protects, and supports various parts of the body?

a)

Nerve tissue

b)

Connective tissue

c)

Epithelial tissue

d)

Muscle tissue

12.

Another term for fat is _____ tissue.

a)

nerve

b)

muscle

c)

epithelial

d)

adipose

13.

You hungrily take a bite of steaming hot pizza and the bubbling cheese burns the inside of your mouth. What type of tissue have you damaged?

a)

Endocrine

b)

Epithelial

c)

Nerve

d)

Lymphatic

14.

The type of tissue that controls and coordinates body functions is _____ tissue.

a)

endocrine

b)

epithelial

c)

nerve

d)

lymphatic

15.

Structures composed of specialized tissues that perform specific functions in plants and animals are called _____.

a)

cells

b)

hormones

c)

organs

d)

neurons

16.

The physical foundation of the body consisting of bones connected by joints is the _____.

a)

nervous system

b)

skeletal system

c)

muscular system

d)

endocrine system

17.

How many bones are in the adult human body?

a)

186

b)

196

c)

206

d)

216

18.

The joint pain people complain about is often caused by _____.

a)

inflammation of tissue surrounding the joint

b)

damage to the joint itself

c)

circulatory impairments

d)

nervous system damage

19.

The skull consists of the _____.

a)

temporal and occipital bones

b)

sphenoid and hyoid bones

c)

vertebrae and discs

d)

cranium and facial bones

20.

The facial skeleton has how many bones?

a)

Six

b)

Eight

c)

Twelve

d)

Fourteen

21.

The bone that forms the back of the skull above the nape is the _____.

a)

temporal

b)

mandible

c)

occipital

d)

frontal

22.

The bone that joins all of the bones of the cranium together is the _____.

a)

ethmoid bone

b)

parietal bone

c)

malar bone

d)

sphenoid bone

23.

The cheekbones are also called the _____.

a)

a. hyoid bones

b)

lacrimal bones

c)

ethmoid bones

d)

zygomatic bones

24.

The elastic, bony cage that acts as a protective framework for the heart and lungs is the ______.

a)

sternum

b)

thorax

c)

scapula

d)

clavicle

25.

The inner and larger bone of the forearm, attached at the wrist and located on the side of the little finger, is the _____.

a)

sternum

b)

thorax

c)

scapula

d)

clavicle

26.

The smaller bone of the forearm, on the same side as the thumb, is the _____.

a)

hyoid

b)

humerus

c)

ulna

d)

radius

27.

The bones in the fingers or digits are called _____.

a)

phalanges

b)

metacarpus

c)

scapula

d)

carpus

28.

The bones in the fingers or digits are called _____.

a)

phalanges

b)

metacarpus

c)

scapula

d)

carpus

29.

The ankle joint is composed of how many bones?

a)

Three

b)

Four

c)

Six

d)

Nine

30.

The part of the muscle that does not move is the _____.

a)

ligament

b)

tendon

c)

insertion

d)

origin

31.

The middle part of the muscle is called the _____.

a)

nucleus

b)

belly

c)

insertion

d)

origin

32.

The part of the muscle that moves and is farthest from the skeleton is the _____.

a)

ligament

b)

tendon

c)

insertion

d)

origin

33.

Pressure in massage is usually directed from the _____.

a)

insertion to beginning

b)

insertion to the origin

c)

skeleton to origin

d)

front to sides

34.

To find the comb she dropped on the floor while working on her client Tyna lowered her head and turned her head away. What muscle was Tyna most likely using?

a)

Sternocleidomastoideus

b)

Temporalis

c)

Masseter

d)

Aponeurosis

35.

Suppose you instruct a client to close his or her eyes before you apply makeup. Which muscle are you instructing the client to use?

a)

Temporal oculi

b)

Corrugator muscle

c)

Orbicularis oculi

d)

Latissimus dorsi

36.

You notice your instructor watching you perform a service. Your instructor’s eyebrows are down and her forehead has vertical wrinkles in it. What muscle is she most likely using?

a)

Corrugator muscle

b)

Masseter muscle

c)

Orbicularis oculi muscle

d)

Epicranius muscle

37.

You notice your instructor watching you perform a service. Your instructor’s eyebrows are down and her forehead has vertical wrinkles in it. What muscle is she most likely using?

a)

Corrugator muscle

b)

Masseter muscle

c)

Orbicularis oculi muscle

d)

Epicranius muscle

38.

The muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back is the _____.

a)

corrugator muscle

b)

pectoralis minor

c)

latissimus dorsi

d)

trapezius

39.

The muscles that turn the hand inward so the palm faces downward are the _____.

a)

flexors

b)

supinators

c)

pronators

d)

levitators

40.

Muscles that draw the fingers together the fingers are called _____.

a)

abductors

b)

pronators

c)

adductors

d)

extensors

41.

The scientific study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system is called _____.

a)

neurology

b)

anatomy

c)

physiology

d)

reflexology

42.

The nervous system as a whole is divided into how many main subdivisions?

a)

Two

b)

Three

c)

Four

d)

Six

43.

What nervous system controls the voluntary functions of the five senses?

a)

Peripheral

b)

Autonomic

c)

Central

d)

Somatic

44.

The largest and most complex organization of nerve tissue in the body is the _____.

a)

spinal cord

b)

neurons

c)

brain

d)

PNS

45.

The simplest form of nervous activity that includes a sensory and motor nerve is called a(n) _____.

a)

reflex

b)

instinct

c)

activation

d)

inflammation

46.

The whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers, held together by connective tissue that make up the nervous system are called _____.

a)

nuclei

b)

glands

c)

nerves

d)

lymphatics

47.

The largest of the cranial nerves also called the fifth cranial nerve, is the _____.

a)

sensory nerve

b)

mandibular nerve

c)

trigeminal nerve

d)

ophthalmic nerve

48.

Which nerve supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg?

a)

Sural nerve

b)

Common peroneal nerve

c)

Saphenous nerve

d)

Dorsal nerve

49.

To what part of the heart is oxygenated blood returned?

a)

left atrium

b)

Mitral valve

c)

Ventricle

d)

Pericardium

50.

Thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries and located closer to the skin surface are _____.

a)

buccinators

b)

capillaries

c)

veins

d)

arteries

51.

How much blood is in the adult human body?

a)

5 to 7 pints

b)

8 to 10 pints

c)

3 to 4 quarts

d)

5 to 6 quarts

52.

Blood is generally bright red in the arteries and dark red in the veins. What accounts for the difference in color?

a)

The addition of iron

b)

The exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen

c)

The return of needed sugars

d)

The substitution of carbon monoxide for oxygen

53.

The main arteries that supply blood to the head, neck, and face are the _____.

a)

common carotid arteries

b)

common aorta arteries

c)

internal jugular

d)

serratus anterior arteries

54.

Which of the following is part of the lymphatic system?

a)

Thyroid

b)

Thymus gland

c)

Pancreas

d)

Pineal

55.

The word integument means _____.

a)

blood vessels

b)

hormone

c)

natural covering

d)

gland

56.

One square centimeter of skin contains_____ yards of nerves.

a)

12

b)

3

c)

4

d)

10

57.

Ductless glands that release secretion of hormones directly into the bloodstream are _____.

a)

endocrine glands

b)

digestive glands

c)

exocrine glands

d)

sweat glands

58.

Insulin, adrenaline, and estrogen are examples of _____.

a)

digestive enzymes

b)

waste products

c)

hormones

d)

proteins

59.

Which gland plays a major role in sexual development, sleep, and metabolism?

a)

Pineal

b)

Pituitary

c)

Thyroid

d)

Spleen

60.

How might a cosmetologist notice changes in a client’s thyroid function?

a)

Swollen lymph nodes in the neck

b)

Changes in the growth rate, quality, or texture of hair or nails

c)

Signs of infection including abscesses

d)

Improved muscle tone throughout the body

61.

Which organ is part of the female reproductive system?

a)

a. Urethra

b)

Prostate

c)

Ovaries

d)

Testes

62.

The primary male reproductive hormone is _____.

a)

Testosterone

b)

Insulin

c)

Progestin

d)

Estrogen

63.

Acne, loss of scalp hair, facial hair growth and color, and darker skin pigmentations are some of the results of changing or fluctuating _____.

a)

cells

b)

tissues

c)

hormones

d)

metabolism