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Earth's Place in the Universe

Total questions: 20

Worksheet time: 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The four outer planets are called the ___________ because their atmospheres consist mainly of hydrogen and helium.

a)

ice planets

b)

great red spot

c)

gas giants

d)

asteroids

2.

The outer planets also have _____________ compared to the inner planets.

a)

more moons

b)

greater temperatures

c)

faster rotations

d)

metallic soil

3.

Amaya learns that the universe is a mysterious and complex collection of objects while reading Carl Sagan’s book, Cosmos. She arranges the objects in the universe by size to better understand the vastness of the universe. Rearrange the hierarchy of the universe into the correct order. Place the smallest object on the left and the largest on the right.

a)

star cluster, galaxy, star, star system, universe

b)

universe, galaxy, star cluster, star system, star

c)

star, star system, star cluster, galaxy, universe

d)

star, galaxy, star system, star cluster, universe

4.

Ethan visited the Crosby Observatory at the Orlando Science Center. The observatory houses the largest refracting telescope available to the public in Florida. One night, he observed several stars that all seemed to be equally bright. However, one of the astronomers explained that each star actually had a different absolute brightness. What information do you need to calculate a star's absolute brightness? Choose the two that apply.

a)

its distance from the sun

b)

its chemical composition

c)

its size

d)

its color and temperature

e)

its distance from Earth

5.

People are fascinated with the possibility of life on other planets. When looking for signs of life on other planets, scientists often look for planets that have similarities to Earth. According to the chart, which planet has a rotation most similar to Earth’s?

a)

Uranus

b)

Jupiter

c)

Mercury

d)

Mars

6.

Lin and Alex are discussing the two theories about the future of the universe.


Alex was confused about what happens when massive stars die. Lin explains that sometimes after a star dies, the gravity of the remaining mass can be so strong that it pulls the gases inward, packing it into a smaller and smaller space. What is this called?

a)

supernova

b)

dark matter

c)

black hole

d)

planetary nebula

7.

The four inner planets in our solar system are closer to the sun and share some similarities. How do the inner planets in our solar system compare to the outer planets? Choose the two that apply.

a)

The inner planets are larger than the outer planets.

b)

The inner planets are smaller than the outer planets.

c)

The inner planets are made of rock and metal.

d)

The inner planets are made of gas and liquid.

8.

A galaxy is made up of gas, dust, and many stars. What do all stars have in common?

a)

All stars are the same size.

b)

All stars produce energy.

c)

All stars give off the same amount of light.

d)

All stars last forever.

9.

Since ancient times, people have been fascinated with the night sky. The night sky came alive with bright objects that hinted at other worlds, but they were difficult to study with the naked eye. What instrument did scientists invent to study the different objects in the night sky?

a)

microscope

b)

electromagnetic radiation

c)

observatory

d)

telescope

10.

Scientists believe the solar system formed about 4.6 billion years ago. It started as a cloud of gases, ice, rock, and other materials. Everything in the solar system, including the sun and planets, were formed when ___________________ began to pull together materials in the cloud.

a)

energy

b)

gravity

c)

force

d)

galaxy

11.

The sun has an important role in our solar system. Which of the following statements are true about the sun? Choose all the statements that apply.

a)

The sun is the center of our solar system.

b)

The sun is a star that emits energy.

c)

The sun is about the size of Jupiter.

d)

The sun is the largest planet in our solar system.

12.
What are four facts about Earth?
a)
- Largest terrestrial planet
- Covered by more than 70% water
- Atmosphere of nitrogen and oxygen make it breathable
- 3rd planet from the sun
b)
- Largest terrestrial planet
- Covered by more than 70% land
- Atmosphere of nitrogen and oxygen make it breathable
- 3rd planet from the sun
c)
- Smallest terrestrial planet
- Covered by more than 70% water
- Atmosphere of nitrogen and oxygen make it breathable
- 3rd planet from the sun
d)
- Largest terrestrial planet
- Covered by more than 70% water
- Atmosphere of nitrogen and oxygen make it breathable
- 4th planet from the sun
13.
What are four facts about Mars?
a)
- Warm, rocky, full of water
- Larger than Mercury, but smaller than Venus
- Appears red because of rusty iron in the soil
- 4th planet from the sun
b)
- Cold, rocky, waterless
- Larger than Mercury, but smaller than Venus
- Appears red because of rusty iron in the soil
- 3rd planet from the sun
c)
- Cold, rocky, waterless
- Larger than Mercury, but smaller than Venus
- Appears red because of rusty iron in the soil
- 4th planet from the sun
d)
- Cold, rocky, waterless
- Larger than Venus, but smaller than Earth
- Appears red because of rusty iron in the soil
- 4th planet from the sun
14.
What are four facts about Jupiter?
a)
- 5th planet from the sun
- Largest planet in the solar system
- Reddish color caused by clouds of sulfur and ammonia
- Has a 400 year old storm called the Great Red Spot
b)
- 5th planet from the sun
- Largest planet in the solar system
- Reddish color caused by clouds of rusted iron
- Has a 400 year old storm called the Great Red Spot
c)
- 5th planet from the sun
- Largest planet in the solar system
- Reddish color caused by clouds of sulfur and ammonia
- Has a 400 year old storm called the Great Red Oval
d)
- 6th planet from the sun
- Largest planet in the solar system
- Reddish color caused by clouds of sulfur and ammonia
- Has a 400 year old storm called the Great Red Spot
15.

A group of stars that forms a pattern

a)

constellation

b)

nebula

c)

supernova

d)

galaxy

16.

A rocky mass orbiting the Sun that can be several hundred kilometers wide is called ___________________.

a)

comet

b)

asteroid

c)

space probe

d)

satellite

17.
The ___________ the planet is from the sun, the ____________ it takes to go around the sun. 
a)
closer, shorter
b)
farther, shorter
c)
farther, longer
d)
closer, longer
18.

List the order of the planets, starting from the sun.

a)

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

b)

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter, Neptune, Uranus

c)

Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Earth, Venus, Mercury

d)

Mars, Earth, Venus, Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

19.

If you used a golf ball, baseball and a basketball to represent the Earth, Mercury and the Sun. Which ball would represent each planet?

a)

Mercury = basketball, Earth = golfball, Sun = baseball

b)

Mercury = golfball, Earth = basketball, Sun = baseball

c)

Mercury = baseball, Earth = basketball, Sun = golfball

d)

Mercury = golfball, Earth = baseball, Sun = basketball

20.
Which definition accurately describes the Astronomical Unit (AU)?
a)
The average distance between the planets. 
b)
The average distance between Earth and Mars.
c)
The average distance between the Earth and the Sun. 
d)
The average size of the Earth compared to the Sun.