A settlement’s distinctive economic structure is derived from its (a)   , which are primarily exported to consumers outside the settlement.

(a)   , or tertiary services, are used by residents who live in the area.

Together, basic and non-basic sector businesses create the (a)   which drives the growth of a community’s economy.

Old Navy is deciding whether expanding to the newly-

built Bulverde Marketplace on Loop 1604 will be profitable.

According to Christaller’s (a)   , they will need to determine the market area, the nodal area that will attract customers. Then, their executives will compute both range, the maximum distance customers will drive to shop at the new store, and threshold, the minimum number of customers the store needs to make money for the chain.

(a)   are usually walled settlements that are surrounded by the lands under their control

Alpha++ (a)   include New York City, London, and Tokyo because of their enormous economic, political, and cultural impact, as well as highly-developed infrastructure, which include transportation and communication networks.

Alpha++ World Cities include New York City, London, and Tokyo because of their enormous economic, political, and cultural impact, as well as highly-developed (a)   , which include transportation and communication networks.

(a)   have clusters of businesses and a hinterland.

(a)   have a defined downtown and suburbs that have their own commercial centers.

The (a)   predicts that a country’s nth largest settlement is 1/nth of the population of its largest settlement, and this population is graphed as a linear equation.

Twice as large as any other city in its nation, a (a)   has great political, social, and economic influence- even though it may not be the capital city.

(a)   studies the parts of the Earth's surface that have a high density of population, buildings and infrastructure, and looks at cities from both an external and internal point of view.

(a)   grow as a result of its importance as a trading node.

(a)   grow as a result of its importance as an industrial center.

Urban growth has created a map where Washington blends into Baltimore, and on through Philadelphia, Trenton, New York, Hartford, Providence, and Boston. The concept of mega-regions dates back to 1957, when the economic geographer Jean Gottman coined the term (a)   to describe the emerging economic hub that stretched from Boston to D.C. The term came to be applied to a number of regions across the United States and around the world.

As urban areas grow, (a)   like Katy, Texas are created along the periphery that meet the business and consumer service needs of the residents.

Some cities have put (a)   policies into effect to better plan for urban expansion.

North Philadelphia has undergone ________________________ in recent years. The blighted blocks, one after another, make the _________________ blocks stand out and seem out of place. Locals describe the blocks as "fake nice." It is known as "fake nice" because the appearance is nice, but the people in the homes as well as the next block over are still just as deprived and suffering economically as their neighbors. Families who are placed in the fixed-up home still have trouble making money and keeping their kids in school. In the neighborhood surrounding Temple University, for instance, there has been community development resistance. The residents are trying to keep the University from buying their land and creating homes for more students. The neighborhood's residents do not get along well with the students, and _________________ is met with resistance. (ONE WORD ONLY is USED FOR EACH BLANK)

(a)  

(a)   / laws are put in place to separate business and residential sectors, or to limit the use and density of land.

The U.S. Census Bureau identifies an urban area with at least 50,000 residents as a (a)   .

The U.S. Census Bureau identifies an urban area with 2,500- 50,000 residents as a (a)   .

Name this chart: (a)  

• Home to many business services
• Houses the headquarters for San Antonio’s public services
• Has many restaurants and tourist activities
• Has a high density gradient
• Area of both public housing and gentrified neighborhoods
• Is another name for “downtown.”

This graphic depicts the nesting of settlements

(a)  

San Antonio’s population is growing leds to

Suburbs are further and further from city center-leds to

More highways built leds to

A “disconnect” between people and neighborhoods

grows leds to

Greenspace is destroyed leds to

More fossil fuels burned.

This flowchart describes urban

(a)  

Description of (a)   Model

• uses a series of rings to explain urban patterns
• earliest model to explain urban social structures- created in 1925
• based on Chicago

Description of (a)   Model

• many North American urban areas follow this model
• urban area consists of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business nodes tied together by a beltway
• car dependent, accounts for urban sprawl
• Chauncey Harris’ SECOND model explains urban patterns from 1960s to the 1990s

Description of the (a)   Model

• based on Chicago
• states that even though a city may have begun with a central business district, or CBD, other smaller CBDs
• develop on the outskirts of the city near the more valuable housing areas to allow shorter commutes from the outskirts of the city, creating nodes in other parts of the city besides the CBD
• produce a more realistic model that better reflected larger, more complex nature of urban areas

Description of the (a)   Model.

• Revises the circles of the Burgess model
• - cities are primarily laid out in pie or wedge-shaped zones and corridors developed from the core of the city to the outskirts
• Transportation systems rather than distance, from CBDs creates zones within the city
• Most zones border the CBD. Uses social structure to classify neighborhoods

A (a)   is a small cluster of farmers’ houses with perhaps a few basic services, such as

a gas station, a general store, or a coffee shop.

This next smallest urban settlement, (a)   is likely to offer several dozen services that are more

specialized than those of a hamlet. Stores sell only certain goods (as opposed to “general stores”)

and gas stations may sell competing brands of gasoline.

An alternative to demolishing deteriorated inner-city houses is to renovate them. Once housing in an

area has been renovated, the neighborhood often begins to attract middle-class residents, a process called (a)   .

An (a)   comes in many different types, structures, and sizes.

Their common characteristics of an urban area are that they are (a)   with one or more clear core areas, and that people who live in them work in nonagricultural jobs.