listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen to the audio, then answer the question

listen then answer

listen then answer

Lack of of clarity about….the party in the coming year will be removed at the party’s convention.

Ozone is formed when ultraviolet radiation from the sun…..molecule into highly reactive oxygen atoms.

Hurricane move with the large-scale wind currents…..are imbedded.

An equilateral triangle is a triangle…….and tree angles of equal size.

.....both men and women have often achieved their career ambitions by midlife, many people are afflicted by at least a temporary period of dissatisfaction and depression.

In simple animals, ……… reflex movement or involuntary response to stimuli.

The Consumer Price Index list .....

Thirty-eight national sites are known as parks, another eighty-two as monuments, and .....

Oscillatona, one of the few plants that can move about, ..... a wavy, gliding motion.

Not only ..... generate energy, but it also produces fuel for other fission reactors.

to occur in the earth's crust, push pull and shake waves would be generated simultaneously.

By the end of 1609, Galileo had a 20-power telescope that enabled him to see ..... planets revolving around Jupiter.

On every continent except Antarctica ..... more than 30,000 species of spiders.

Unlike most Europeans, many Americans ..... a bowl of cereal for breakfast everyday.

Although the weather in Martha's Vineyard isn't ..... to have a year-round tourist season, it has become a favorite summer resort.

Written Expressions

Direction: In this question try to Identity the one word or phrase that must be changed in order to form the sentences to be correct with mark (A), (B), (C) or (D).

When a patient’s blood pressure is much higher than it should be, a doctor usually insists that he will not smoke.

Although no country has exactly the same folk music like that of any other, it is significant that similar songs exist among widely separated people.

Anyone reproducing copyrighted works without permission of the holders of the copyrights are breaking the law.

'Psychology Today' is interesting, informative, and it is easy to read.

The information officer at the bank told his customers that there was several kinds of checking accounts available.

The information officer at the bank told his customers that there was several kinds of checking accounts available.

The information officer at the bank told his customers that there was several kinds of checking accounts available.

The purpose of the Nations, broad speaking, is to maintain peace and security and to encourage respect for human rights.

It was Shirley Temple Black which represented her country in the United Nations and later became an ambassador.

The prices at chain stores are as reasonable, if not more reasonable, as those at discount stores.

Alloys of gold and chopper have been widely using in various types of coins.

Banks, savings and loans and finance companies have recently been doing hoe equity loans with greater frequency than ever before.

The state seal still used in Massachusetts designed by Paul Revere, who also designed the first Continental currency.

Sapphires weighing as much as two pounds have on occasion mined.

When is a flag hung upside down, it is an internationally recognized symbol of distress.

The grizzly bear, which can grow up to eight feet tall, has been called a more dangerous animal of North America.

In a resent survey of Americas, more than 75 percent expressed the view that the government it should take a more active role in health care.

Hippocrates believed that good health was dependently on the balance of the four fluids of the body.

Variations in melody, rhythm, and tone of voice becomes a major feature of child speech toward the end of the first year.

Participles with unlike charges attract each other, while particles with alike charges repel each other.

The type of jazz known as "swing" was introduced by Duke Ellington when he wrote and records "It Don't Mean a Thing If It Ain't Got That Swing."

Never in the history of humanity there have been more people living on this relatively small planet.

Newtonian physics accounts for the observing orbits of the planets and the moons.

As one climbs high up a mountain, the air becomes both colder or thinner.

According to a World Resources Institute report, a significant part of forest acreage disappear each year.

Vast flows of information is carried on hair-thin fiber-optic cables.

The effort to determine the exact numerical value of 'pi' has now reach 2.16 billion decimal digits.

Direction: In this section, you will read several passages. Each one is followed by a number of questions about it. You are to choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (D) to each questions.

Answer all questions about the information in the passage on the basis of what stated or implied in the passage.

(READ THIS FOLLOWING TEXT TO ANSWER QUESTION 59-63)

The English names of the last four months of the Gregorian calendar (September, October, November, December) have rather interesting histories. The Gregorian calendar is a twelve-month calendar, so these months are ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth months respectively. However, their names do not reflect their positioning in the calendar. The name September comes from the Latin word septum, which means “Seven”. This month was originally the name of the seventh rather the ninth month. Similarly, the name of October comes from the Latin octo “eight”; the name of November comes from the Latin novem “nine”; the name December comes from the Latin decem “ten”.

(59) The main topic of this passage is…

(60) The first month on the Gregorian calendar is probably...

(61) The passage states that in the original version of the calendar, September was the name of…

(62) It can be inferred from the passage that November

(63) Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage about December?

Question 64-68

The largest diamond ever found in Cullinan Diamond. This diamond weighed 3,106 carats in its uncut state when it was discovered in South Africa on January 25, 1905.

The Cullinan Diamond was cut into 9 major stones and 96 smaller ones. The largest of the cut stones, and still the largest cut diamond in the world, is the pear-shaped Cullinan I at 530 carats. This diamond, which is also known as the Greater Star of Africa, is more than 2 inches (5,4 cm) long and 1,75 inches (4,4 cm) wide. It became part of the British crown jewels in 1907.

(64) What is the best title for this passage?

(65) The word "uncut" in line 2 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

(66) The word "discovered" in line 2 is closest in meaning to...

(67) All of the following are true about the shape of the Greater Star of Africa, EXCEPT that ...

(68) Where in the passage does the author mention the Cullinan Diamond's weight when it was mined?

questions 69-74

It is a characteristic of human nature that people like to get together and have fun, and people living during America's frontiers days were no exception. However, because life was hard and the necessities of day-to-day living took up their time, it was common for recreation to be combined with activities necessary for survival.

One example of such a form of recreation was logrolling. Many frontier areas were heavily wooded, and in order to settle an area it was necessary to remove the trees. A settler could cut down the trees alone, but help was needed to move the cut trees. After a settlers had cut a bunch of trees, he would then invite his neighbors over for logrolling.

A logrolling was a community event where families got together for a combination of work and fun. The women would bring food and have a much needed and infrequent opportunity to relax and chat with friends, the children would play together exuberantly, and the men would hold lively competitions that involved rolling logs from place to place as possible. This was a day of fun everyone involved, but as its foundation was the need to clear the land.

(69) The main idea of the passage is that in America's frontier days....

(70) According to the passage, what did people have to do first to settle an area?

(71) The word "exuberantly" in line 11 is the closest meaning to ....

(72) It can be inferred from the passage that competitions were held because...

(73) Where in the passage does the author indicate what a settler did when he had a number of cut trees?

(74) This passage would most probably be assigned reading in which of the following courses?

question 75-80

Schizophrenia is often confused with multiple personality disorder yet is quire distinct from it. Schizophrenia is on of the more common mental disorders, considerably more common than multiple personality disorder. The term "schizophrenia" is composed of roots which mean "a splitting of the mind," but it does not refer to a division into separate and distinct personalities, as occurs in multiple personality disorder. Instead, schizophrenia behavior is generally characterized by illogical thought patterns and withdrawal from reality. Schizophrenia often live in a fantasy world where they hear voices that others cannot hear, often voices of famous people. Schizophrenics tent to withdraw from families and friends and communicates mainly with "voices" that they hear in their minds.

It is common for the symptoms of schizophrenia to develop during the late teen years or early twenties, but the cause of schizophrenia are not well understood. It is believed that heredity may play a part in the onset schizophrenia. In addition, abnormal brain chemistry also seems to have a role; certain brain chemicals, called neurotransmitters, have been found to be at abnormal levels in some schizophrenics.

(75) The paragraph preceding the passage most probably discusses.....

(76) Which of the following id true about Schizophrenia and multiple personality disorder?

(77) "Disorder" in line 3 is the closest in meaning to which of the following?

(78) It can be inferred from the passage that a "schism" is .....

(79) According to the passage, how schizophrenics generally relate to their families?

(80) The word "onset" in line 11 is closest meaning to.....

Question 81-88

Psychologists have found that privately made resolutions are rarely followed, whereas a public commitment to achieve some goal, such as losing weight or giving up smoking, is likely to be much more effective. This is because the approval of others for reaching one’s target is valued. In contrast, disapproval for failure can lead for feelings of shame.

Advertising agencies have designed studies bearing out the truth of this observation. In their research, a group of strangers was bombarded with information about the qualities of a particular product. They were then asked to either announce out loud or write down privately whether they intended to buy the product. It was later discovered that those who publicly declared their invention to buy were considerably more likely to do so than those who affirmed their intentions in private.

In another study, an experimenter claiming to represent a local utility company interviewed homeowners, telling them he was investigating ways in which energy consumption could be reduced.

Half of the subjects, randomly selected, were told that if they agreed to converse energy, their names would be mentioned in an article published in the local newspaper, the remaining half were told their names would not be used. All those interviewed agreed to cooperate and signed form either giving consent for their names to be used. Later in the year, the amount of gas consumed in each house was recorded. The owners who had agreed to their names being published had used significantly less than those who remained anonymous.

(81) What is the main topic of this passage?

(82) The word “resolutions” in paragraph 1 is closest meaning to …

(83) It can be inferred that all of the following help motivate a person to achieve a goal EXCEPT…

(84) The word “shame” in paragraph 1 is closest meaning to…

(85) Why were advertising agencies probably interested in conducting their study?

(86) The word “bombarded” in paragraph 2 is closest meaning to …

(87) Look at the word “They” in paragraph 2 refers to…

(88) How did the “experimenter” in paragraph 3 find out how much gas the subject used?

Question 89-98

Robert Capa is a name that has for many years been synonymous war photography.

Born in Hungary in 1913 as Friedmann Endre Erno, Capa was forced to leave his native country after his involvement in anti government protest. Capa had originally wanted to become a writer, but after his arrival in Berlin had first found work as a photographer. He later left Germany and moved to France due to the rise in Nazism. He tried to find work as a freelance journalist and it was here that he changed his name to Robert Capa, mainly because he thought it would sound more American.

In 1936 after the breakout of the Spanish Civil war Capa went to Spain and it was over the next three years that he built his reputation as a war photographer. It was here too in 1936 that he took one of his most famous picture, The Death of a Loyalist Soldier. One of Capa’s most famous quotes was ‘If your pictures aren’t good enough, you’re not close enough.’ And he took his attitude of getting close to the action to an extreme. His photograph, The Death of a Loyalist Soldier is a prime example of this as Capa captures every moment the soldier falls. Though many have questioned the authenticity of this photograph, claiming that it was staged.

When World war II broke out, Capa was in New York, but he was soon back in Europe covering the war for Life Magazine. Some of his most famous work was created on 6th June 1944 when he swam ashore with the first assault on Omaha Beach in the D-Day invasion of Normandy. Capa, armed only with two cameras, took more than one hundred photographs in the first hour of the landing, but a mistake I the darkroom during the drying of the film destroyed all but eight frames. It was the images from these frames however that inspired the visual style of Steven Spielberg’s Oscar winning movie ‘Saving Private Ryan’. When Life Magazine published the photographs, they claimed that they were slightly out of focus and Capa later used this as the title of his autobiographical account of the war.

Capa’s private life was not less dramatic. He was friend to many Hollywood’s directors, actors and actresses. In 1943 he fell in love with the wife of actor Jane Austin. His affair with her lasted until the end of the war and become the subject of his war memoirs. He was at one time lover to actress Ingrid Bergman. Their relationship finally ended in 1946 when he refused to settle in Hollywood and went off to Turkey.

In 1947 Capa was among a group of photojournalist who founded Magnum Photos. This was a co-operative organization set up to support photographers and help them to retain ownership of the copyright to their work.

Capa went on to document many other wars. He never attempted to glamorize war though, but record the horror. He once said, ”The desire of any war photographer is to be put out of business.”

Capa died as he had lived. After promising not to photograph any more wars, he accepted an assignment to go to Indochina to cover the first Indochina war. On May 25th 1954 Capa was accompanying a French regiment, when he left his jeep to take some photographs of the advance and stepped on a land mine. He was taken to a nearby hospital, still clutching his camera, but was pronounced dead on arrival. He left behind him a testament to the horrors of war and a standard for photojournalism that few others have been able to reach.

Capa’s legacy has lived on though and in 1966 his brother Cornell founded International Fund for Concerned Photography in his honor. There is also Robert Capa Gold Medal, which is given to the photographer who publishes the best photographic reporting from abroad which demands exceptional courage. But perhaps his greatest legacy of all are the haunting images of human struggles that he capture.

(89) Why did Capa change his name?

(90) Capa originally wanted to be …

(91) Capa went to Spain to …

(92) Capa’s famous picture Death of a Loyalist Soldier…

(93) When World War II broke out Capa …

(94) A mistake meant that …

(95) Capa’s private life was …

(96) Capa wanted his work to …

(97) Which sentence best paraphrases paragraph 5?

(98) Which sentence best paraphrases Paragraph 4?

1) Capa’s work tried to show the beauty within the horror of war, that’s why so many photographers have tried to copy his

work.

2) From his earliest years Capa was active in political journalism and reporting. This often got him into trouble with the

authorities.

3) Capa was not afraid to get close to his work and often risked his life to ensure that this photographs were as good as

they could be.

4) Capa wanted to have a glamorous life style and so he made friends with Hollywood film stars and even had a film,

‘Saving Private Ryan’ made about him.

5) Capa was deeply committed to trying to stop war and he left behind him a legacy that photojournalists to continue this

work.

6) Capa had always wanted to be as American as possible, so after the war he changed his name and went to live in

America.

(99) Which three sentences to your right summarize the passage?

Question 100-103

The Hubble Telescope

The Hubble telescope was launched into space with great fanfare on April 25, 1990. Although there are many powerful telescopes at various locations on Earth, the Hubble telescope was expected to be able provide considerably better information because it would be able to operate from the vacuum of space, NASA was, in essence placing an observatory above the Earth’s atmosphere.

Unfortunately, the Hubble telescope was initially delayed in relaying its first pictures back from space due to a simple mathematical miscalculation. The Hubble telescope relies upon certain stars to orient its observations and astronomers working on the pointing instructions for the telescope used charts created in 1950, with adjustments for the movements of the stars in the ensuing period. In making these adjustments, however, astronomers added the amount of the adjustment rather that subtracting it ~a simple checkbook-balancing error. The adjustment was a change of only half degree, but by adding half a degree rather than subtracting it, the telescope’s aim was misdirected by millions of miles.

(100) Why does the author mention “many power full telescopes at various locations on Earth” in paragraph 1?

(101) The author mentions “a simple checkbook-balancing error” in paragraph 2 in order to suggest that…

(102) Why does the author begin paragraph 2 with “unfortunately”?

(103) The author uses phrase “in essence” in paragraph 1 in order to indicate that the information that follows the phrase…

Question 104-108

The earliest authentic works on European alchemy are those of the English monk Roger Bacon and the German Philosopher St. Albertus Magnus. In their treatises, they maintained that gold was the perfect metal and that inferior metals such as lead and mercury were removed by various degrees of imperfection from gold. They further asserted that these base metals could be transmuted to gold by blending them with a substance even more perfect than gold. This elusive substance was referred to as the “philosopher’s stone.”

Most of the early alchemists were artisan who were accustomed to keeping trade secrets and often resorted to cryptic terminology to record the progress of their work. The term sun was used for gold, moon for silver, and the five known planets foe base metals. This convention of substituting symbolic language attracted a group of mystical philosophers who compared the search for the perfect metal with struggle of mankind for the perfection of the soul. The philosophers began to use artisan’s terms in the mystical literature that they produced. Thus, by the fourteenth century, alchemy had developed two distinct groups of alchemists continued to work throughout the history of alchemy, but of course it was the literary alchemist who was most likely to produce a written record; therefore, much of what is known about the science of alchemy is derived from philosophers rather than from the alchemists who laboratories.

(104) Roger Bacon and St. Albertus Magnus had the same …

(105) According to the alchemists, what was the difference between base metal and gold?

(106) What is the author’s main point?

(107) The word “authentic” could best be replaced by …

(108) The word “those” refers to …