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WorksheetsAIR MASS,FRONTS,WD+JET STREAM+CAT,MOUNTAIN WAVE+TROPICAL SYSTEM
Total questions: 105
Worksheet time: 53mins
The airmass which originates at sea in high Latitudes is called
Tropical continental
Polar maritime
Tropical maritime
The airmass which originates over equatorial region is
Warm and Moist
Warm and dry
Cold and dry
If the advancing cold front is colder than the cool air mass of the warm front, the advancing cold front undercuts and lifts both the warm and cool air masses of the warm front. This is a
Warm Occlusion
Cold Occlusion
The airmass which originated over land area located in polar region is
Warm and Moist
Warm and dry
Cold and dry
If a warm airmass overtakes a cold air mass, it is called
Occluded Front
Warm Front
Cold Front
At warm front
Warm air overtakes the cold air
Cold air undercuts the warm air
The conditions are always unstable at a
Cold front
Warm front
Sometimes Line squall occurs about 100-300 km ahead of a
Cold front
Warm front
Precipitation occurs over a belt of 30 - 50 km on both side of front
Warm front
Cold front
Cold front moves at ... the speed of a warm front moves
Same
Double
Half
Line Squalls occur... of the Cold front
Ahead
Behind
At the
Fronts are associated with
Extra-tropical Cyclones
Monsoon Depression
Tropical cyclone
CB, Roll-type clouds, SC, AC with embedded CB are associated
Cold front
Warm front
The surface of discontinuity between the Polar Ely and the temperate Wly is called
Polar Front
Tropopause
Equatorial Front
The air mass which originates from sea area located in lower Lat is
Warm and Dry
Warm and Moist
Cold and Moist
WDs approach India as
Highs
Occluded Fronts
Cols
Maximum WDs occur in
Winters
Post Monsoon
Summers
Ahead of a warm front the surface wind
Backs & weakens
Veers & strengthens
On approach of a Warm Front temperature
Fall
Rise
CI, CS, AS, NS, ST in sequence are associated with the front
(a)
During the passage of a Cold Front winds
Suddenly become squally
Back and weaken
Veer and are of moderate strength
Visibility is poor in a Warm Front
Ahead
Ahead and During
After and During
Fog occurs in Cold Front
After
During
Ahead
WD is a .... front
Occluded
Warm
Cold
FZRA and FZFG occur ... of a warm front
Ahead
During
After
Precipitation ceases after the passage of a front
Warm
Cold
Occluded
During the approach of a Warm Front wind
Veers
Does not change
Backs
A WD with two or more closed isobars, at 2 hPa interval, it is termed as
Troughs in Westerlies
Western Cyclone
Western Depression
A WD originate over
Baluchistan
Caspian Sea
Mediterranean, Caspian and Black Seas
Induced lows develop to the ........ of a WD
S
N
NE
The arbitrary lower limit of jet core velocity has been assigned by WMO as
70 m/s
60 m/s
60 kt
Jet stream has
only two maxima
one or more maxima
one maxima
The vertical wind shear in a jet stream is about
8 m/s per km
6 m/s per km
5 m/s per km
Compared to horizontal wind shear, the vertical wind shear in a jet stream is
weaker
stronger
same
In a jet stream, the path of the maximum speed is known as
Jet streak
Core
Axis
The wind speed along the axis of a jet stream is always
Not uniform
Uniform
Along the axis of a jet stream there are centres of high speed winds; these are called
Core
Axis
Jet streaks
In a wavy jet the jet streaks are located over or near the
Ridge
Trough
Between trough and ridge
Sub-tropical Jet Stream (STJ) is
Easterly
Westerly
Southerly
The normal position of Sub-tropical Jet Stream is
27° N
30° N
35° N
The southernmost position of STJ in February is
18° N
20° N
22° N
The STJ affects India from
Jun to Jul
Oct to May
Aug to Sep
STJ has a layered structure. There are often two layers of max wind to the.. ...of jet core
SW
N
S
The STJ strengthens
Downstream
Upstream
Northwards
At and near the STJ the temperature gradient is very
Moderate
Large
Small
Vertical wind shear in STJ is greater. .... the core
along
below
above
The TJ prevails over the Indian Peninsula from
May to Jun
Sep to Oct
Jun to Aug
The TJ is located over the Indian Peninsula, approximately at
13° N
17° N
18° N
The TJ is located over Indian, approximately at a height of
12 - 13 km
11 - 12 km
15-16 km
The TJ is strongest in
July - Aug
Sep - Oct
June
In the TJ the wind shears are much.. than the STJ
more
less
same
TJ is
Lutherly
Easterly
Westerly
A jet stream can be recognized by
Streaks of CI
High Pressure
High level dust
Lenticular clouds
For mountain waves to form there should be flow of air across the ridge, generally within how many degrees of the perpendicular to the ridge?
60 degrees
45 degrees
30 degrees
For mountain waves to form the wind speed for small mountains should be at least:
15 m/s
7 m/s
10 m/s
For mountain waves to form the wind speed for large mountains should be at least:
7 m/s
10 m/s
15 m/s
For mountain waves to form there should be ____ air below the ridge and less stable air above.
Unstable
Stable
Indifferent
The worst kind of turbulence is encountered in the vicinity of which cloud type?
Rotor clouds
Cap clouds
Lenticular clouds
In mountain waves the rotor clouds form in:
Valley
Ridges
Troughs
Clear Air Turbulence is often encountered:
At the boundary of a jet stream
In the wake of a passing airplane
In the wake of a larger airplane at takeoff and landing
All of the above
Most CAT occurs on the ______ of a jet stream and in the vicinity of upper-level frontal zones where temperature contrasts are strong.
Axis
Within the core
Fringes
CAT is the bumpiness experienced by aircraft at high altitudes. Over North India its maximum frequency is during:
Jun – Sep
Jul – Aug
Oct – May
When approaching an area where mountain waves have been reported, a pilot should expect:
Possible presence of roll clouds and lenticular clouds
Intense updraughts and downdraughts on the lee side of mountains
All of the above
Moderate to severe turbulence up to 20–30 nm leeward
Wind speed in a tropical severe cyclone is:
17–27 kt
48–63 kt
27–33 kt
Fronts are characteristic of:
Tropical cyclones
Monsoon depressions
Extra-tropical depressions
In a mature tropical cyclone, the eye area is characterised by:
hurricane-force winds and squalls
moderate winds and heavy rains
calm wind, little clouding, and practically no rainfall
Cyclonic storms cross the Tamil Nadu coast in:
Oct–Nov
Jul–Aug
Feb–May
Cyclonic storms form over Indian seas during:
Winter season
SW monsoon
Pre-monsoon and post-monsoon
TRS occurs over Indian seas in:
5–15° N
Equatorial region
0–5° N
In the Bay of Bengal during July and August, monsoon depression forms:
Over Head Bay
Central Bay
South Bay
In a monsoon depression maximum weather occurs in
SE sector
NW sector
SW sector
During re-curvature maximum weather in a monsoon depression occurs in
NW sector
SE sector
NE sector
SW sector
On whatever compass course the cyclone is approached, strong winds from the port indicate that the centre lies somewhere
Ahead
Behind
Port
Starboard
The well developed extra tropical cyclonic storm is composed of two main frontal systems and an occluded front, which varies in extent:
None of the above
A warm front and an occluded front
A low with a warm front radiating out Southwards followed by a cold front.
A stationary Front followed by a warm front
Cyclonic storms are confined almost entirely to the
Latitudes near Equator
Tropical latitudes
Mid lat.
The weather expected in a well developed cyclonic storm is:
Clear skies
No wind or temperature change
Moderate Weather
Stormy weather
After entering land the Cyclones gradually die down
True
False
The .. ... is the most dangerous part of the cyclone is
complete cyclone
Outer storm area
eye
eye wall
No CS form
At Poles
At Equator
At Lat 40 deg
All these
Average life of a tropical cyclone in India is
10 Days
6-8 Days
3-4 Days
CS in India are mostly of intensity
Severe
Very weak
Moderate
Super cyclonic
Eye of a CS is surrounded by
Shelf Clouds
Wall Clouds
Rotor Clouds
Roll clouds
CS in Indian region are less intense because
India is close to Equator
Sea surface temp. are not high
They have a very short travel over the sea
Surge is sudden strengthening of wind in the ... air mass
Same
Different
Both
Surge and Shear Line are features of
Moderate
Weak
Vigorous
Peninsular discontinuity occurs along
East coast
West Coast
Central Peninsula
Peninsular discontinuity occurs during
Monsoon
NE Monsoon
Pre Monsoon
Surge is also
like ITCZ
Velocity Convergence
Velocity Divergence
In a depression the wind speed is
17 - 27 kt
34-47 kt
48 - 63 kt
< 17 kt
In a CS the wind speed is
17 - 27 kt
< 17 kt
28 - 33 kt
34 - 47 kt
A monsoon depression slopes with height
SE
NW
NE
SW
Average life of a monsoon depression is
2-3 days
3-5 days
Monsoon depressions move faster over
Plains
Sca
Rivers
Hills
For formation of a CS sea surface temperature should be
24 -25 °C
30 °C
23 -24 °C
26-27 °C
In extra tropical cyclone family there are 3 - 4 CS or depressions, one to the .... of the other
SE
NE
NW
SW
In TRS the central pressure is about
1010-1020 hPa
1002-1010 hPa
1000-900 hPa
TRS develop over
Land
Sea
Islands
at equator
TRS develop over.. deg Lat
5-15
25-30
0-5
30 - 40
In TRS pressure gradient is very steep up to a radius of
30 km
50 km
100 km
400 km
Extra Tropical Storms originate in
Tropical Front
Polar Front
Equatorial Front
Extra-tropical Storms generally move in the direction
S to E
S to W
W to E
A Tropical Cyclone moves .......... in a day
300-500 km
500-700 km
700-900 km
A Tropical CS has outer storm area of about
>400 km
>700 km
>900 km
Flying at right angles to a jet stream with falling pressure you will experience
(a) Wind from left
(c) Increasing tail wind
When and where tropical jet stream occurs
(a) All year along equator
(b) In Middle East in summers
(d) In summers over SE Asia and Central Africa
