BCG vaccine is made of avirulent strain of

Which among the following is not the property of Bacteroides fragilis

Specific immunity can be acquired either naturally or artificially and involves

Which DOES NOT provide long term immunity?

An epitope is

An immunoglobulin is a

The Fc region mediates all of the below EXCEPT binding to

Isotypes refer to variations in the:

Which of the following is the major immunoglobulin in human serum, accounting for 80% of the immunoglobulin pool?

Which of the following is useful to STIMULATE antibody production?

Compared to the secondary antibody response, the primary response

The identification of bacteria by serologic tests is based on the presence of specific antigens. Which of the following bacterial components is least likely to contain useful antigens?

Each of the following statements concerning the Gram stain is correct except:

An outbreak of sepsis caused by Staphylococcus aureus has occurred in the newborn nursery. You are called upon to investigate. According to your knowledge of the normal flora, what is the most likely source of the organism?

Each of the following organisms is an important cause of urinary tract infections except:

A 30 year old woman has non-bloody diarrhea for the past 14 hours. Which one of the to following organisms is least likely to cause this illness?

Each of the following agents is a recognized cause of diarrhea except

Each of the following statements about the classification of streptococci is correct except

Which of the following bacteria has the lowest 50% infective dose (ID50)?

Which of the following disease is best diagnosed by serologic means?

The order of reagents used in the Gram stain are:

A bacteriological stain also known as Differential stain is used to identify acid-fast organisms, what is the name of the stain?

A Capsule is a.........layer lying outside the bacterial cell and can be found both gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Isolation of pure culture refers to ___________

Negative staining is the technique where the background of a specimen is stained whereas positive staining stains the whole specimen. Which dye is required for the negative staining technique?

All of the following are common bacteriological stains, Except:

Which of the following is not a physical method for selection of pure culture?

Gram staining technique is used for the differentiation of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. What color do gram-negative bacteria show when observed under the microscope after the staining procedure?

MacConkey’s agar is both Selective and Differential media used primarily for the isolation of gram-negative bacteria. It consists of ...........which inhibits the growth of gram-positive bacteria.

All of the following are lactose fermenting bacteria, except

Which of the given bacteria has flagella and shows positive motility test?

The biochemical test helps in identification and classification of microorganisms, there are many different types of this test, which of the following tests show a negative result for Escherichia Coli?

The cultural characteristics of Clostridium perfringens, when grown on Blood agar, are all of the given below, Except?

…................is a rod-shaped gram-positive, a non-spore forming organism that can cause foodborne illness in human and animals. It can grow at very low temperature on a wide variety of food including raw meat, raw vegetables, unpasteurized milk, cheese, etc., and is considered one of the most virulent foodborne pathogenic bacteria.

Which of the given organism when grown in blood agar media is classified according to its hemolytic properties?

All of the statements for Bacillus anthracis are true except

Which of the following bacteria is a part of human gut and mouth flora and is also used in making some fermented dairy products?

…............is part of human normal gut flora and also a clinically important pathogen, it's infection can lead to symptoms such as itchy skin, itchy genital area, white coat on the tongue and mouth ulcers, constipation. When grown in the lab, the organism produces green pigmented colonies on CHROMagar.

Which of the following organism of the Enterobacteriaceae family have the characteristics of swarming growth on culture media, produces urease enzyme, do not usually ferment lactose and is mainly the cause of urinary tract infections and nosocomial infections?

…......... is a blood agar media prepared by slowly heating the media at 80 degree Celsius until it becomes brown, it is used for the isolation of some important pathogenic organisms such as Haemophilus spp and Neisseria gonorrhoea.

All of the statements are true for Corynebacterium spp, except

Mannitol Salt agar is both selective and differential media, it is used for the isolation of ................, the high salt concentration inhibits the growth of gram-negative bacteria.

In physical method of selection, endospore-forming bacteria can be obtained by heating the mixed culture to _____________

Disease-producing species occurring in a mixed culture can be selected by taking advantage of _________

Lipopolysaccharide in cell walls is characteristic of?

Growth of microbes in a solid media is identified by the formation of?

What are the blood serum proteins produced by animals called?

Bacteria with less than a complete twist or comma shaped is known as?

In the classification of bacteria according to shape, which among the following refers to cuboidal arrangement of bacterial cells?