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WorksheetsAP Enviromental Science Baseline
Total questions: 90
Worksheet time: 5hrs 30mins
Unit 4.Which type of soil is rich in organic matter?
Clay
Humus
Loam
Sand
Silt
Unit 4. Which type of soil has the highest water-holding capacity?
Clay
Humus
Loam
Sand
Silt
Unit 4. Which type of soil contains the largest pores?
Clay
Humus
Loam
Sand
Silt
Unit 4. Which type of soil is found in the O horizon of soil?
Clay
Humus
Loam
Sand
Silt
Unit 4. Which type of soil is composed of the finest particles?
Clay
Humus
Loam
Sand
Silt
Unit 5. Which of the following federally owned lands are reserved for recreation and fishing, but not for commercial use?
National forests
Natural Resource Lands
National Wildfire Refuges
National Parks
National Wilderness Preservation Areas
Unit 5. Which of the following federally owned lands can be logged and fished?
National forests
Natural Resource Lands
National Wildfire Refuges
National parks
National Wilderness Preservation Areas
Unit 5. Which federally owned lands can provide domestic energy and mineral supply?
National forests
Natural Resource Lands
National Wildfire Refuges
National parks
National Wilderness Preservation Areas
Unit 5. Which of the following federally owned lands ban the use of motor vehicles from these hunting and fishing areas?
National forests
Natural Resources Lands
National Wildlife Refuges
National parks
National Wilderness Preservation Areas
Unit 5. Which of the following habitats provide protected breeding areas for many animals?
National forests
Natural Resource Lands
National Wildlife Refuges
National parks
National Wilderness Preservation Areas
Unit 5. Which of the following environmental disasters involves the death of thousands of people from inhaling pesticides when the chemical plant exploded?
Chernobyl, Ukraine
Love Canal. New York
Bhopal, India
London, England
Chesapeake Bay, Maryland
Unit 8. Which of the following environmental disasters caused leukemia in local children from the chemicals leaking out of a dump?
Chernobyl, Ukraine
Love Canal, New York
Bhopal, India
London, England
Chesapeake Bay, Maryland
Unit 6. Which of the following environmental disasters caused the death of many people of respiratory illnesses from the smog so thick produced by burning of coal?
Chernobyl, Ukraine
Love Canal, New York
Bhopal, India
London, England
Chesapeake Bay, Maryland
Unit 8. This estuary is eutrophied, and many plants and animals species are now unable to live there?
Chernobyl, Ukraine
Love Canal, New York
Bhopal, India
London, England
Chesapeake Bay, Maryland
Unit 6. Which of the following explosion in a nuclear reactor spread radioactive materials over thousands of hectares in this region?
Chernobyl, Ukraine
Love Canal, New York
Bhopal, India
London, England
Chesapeake Bay, Maryland
Unit 8. Which method can produce leachate?
Landfill
Incineration
Chemical treatment
Biological treatment
Discharge into sewers and rivers
Unit 9. Which method can reduce the acidity of a solution?
Landfill
Incineration
Chemical treatment
Biological treatment
Discharge into sewers and rivers
Unit 7. Which method can release toxic gases?
Landfill
Incineration
Chemical treatment
Biological treatment
Discharge into sewers and rivers
Unit 8. Which method can cause high biological oxygen demand (BOD)?
Landfill
Incineration
Chemical treatment
Biological treatment
Discharge into sewers and rivers
Unit 8. Which method involves the use of bacteria and fungi?
Landfill
Incineration
Chemical treatment
Biological treatment
Discharge into sewers and rivers
Unit 6. Which type of renewable energy can harm migratory birds?
Solar energy
Hydro fuel cells
Tidal energy
Geothermal Energy
Wind energy
Unit 6. Which renewable energy produces water and electricity?
Solar energy
Hydrogen fuel cells
Tidal energy
Geothermal energy
Wind energy
Unit 6. Which renewable energy source relies on water flowing in and out of bays?
Solar energy
Hydrogen fuel cells
Tidal energy
Geothermal energy
Wind energy
Unit 6. Which renewable source converts radiant energy into heat or electricity?
Solar energy
Hydrogen fuel cells
Tidal energy
Geothermal energy
Wind energy
Unit 6. Which renewable energy source utilizes heat or steam from deep underground?
Solar energy
Hydrogen fuel cells
Tidal energy
Geothermal energy
Wind energy
Unit 7. Which air pollution is a gas that originates from the combustion of coal?
O3
SO2
Pollen
Soot
Hydrocarbons
Unit 7. Which of the following is produced by plants and can cause allergic reaction?
O3
SO2
Pollen
Soot
Hydrocarbons
Unit 9. Which of the following can be destroyed by CFCs?
O3
SO2
Pollen
Soot
Hydrocarbons
Unit 8. Which of the following comes from spilled gasoline?
O3
SO2
Pollen
Soot
Hydrocarbons
Unit 7. Small particles of which of the following can cause irritation to both eyes and lungs?
O3
SO2
Pollen
Soot
Hydrocarbons
Unit 7. Exposure to which of the following noises would cause the most damage to a person's hearing?
A vacuum cleaner
A chain saw
A factory
The firing of a rifle
A lawn mower
Unit 3. The phrase that best defines population density is
the number of individuals in a certain geographic area
the rate of which a population increases
the maximum number of individuals that a habitat can sustain
the time it takes for a population to increase to carrying capacity
one way that populations can be grouped in a certain geographic area
Unit 6. The graph represents possible depletion curves of a nonrenewable resource. Curve C best describes the resource as it?
has just been discovered and no technology exists to use the resource
is quickly used up and is not recycled
is newly discovered and in high demand
has expanding reserves and consumption is reduced
has some recycling and no reserves are being discovered
Unit 5. The shrinking of the Aral Sea and the ecological disaster that followed was mainly caused by..
the diversion of the sea's two feeder rivers for agricultural use
withdrawing groundwater from the area
a major earthquake that hit the region
the loss of swamplands in the area
the massive use of pesticides
Unit 5. Which of the following is a negative impact of overfishing a particular species of edible fish?
I. Loss of so many fish that there is no longer a breeding stock
II. The removal of non-target species
III. The reduction of other species that rely on the edible species as food
I only
II only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II, and III
Unit 5. Which type of irrigation results in the greatest amount of water lost to evaporation?
I. Flood irrigation
II. Drip irrigation
III. Low-pressure central pivot irrigation
I only
II only
III only
I and III only
II and III only
Unit 3. The population is growing at its highest rate at which letter?
A
K
D
B
C
Unit 3. Which of the following phrases best describes line K in the graph?
The rate of population growth
The carrying capacity of the environment
The time it takes for the population to double in size
The number of individuals in the population at the beginning of the study
The birth rate of the population
Unit 3. The best label for the axis labeled 2 in the graph above is
Time
population number
logistic growth rate
environmental resistance
birth rate
Unit 3. Which of the following statements is true concerning the events occurring at point D in the graph above?
Environmental resistance is high
Environmental resistance is low
The population will continue to fall
The prey population will soon rise
The population is above its carrying capacity
Unit 1. The long-term storage of phosphorus and sulfur is in which of the following forms?
Bacteria
Rocks
Water
Plants
Atmosphere
Unit 4. The movement of sections of the Earth's lithosphere is known as
mass depletion
plate tectonics
background extinction
migration
emigration
Unit 5. Which of the following best defines the Green Revolution?
An international effort to stop the construction of nuclear power plants
A group whose goal is to improve how nations affect the environment
Increasing the yield of farmland by using more fertilizer, better irrigation, and faster growing crops
A method of getting more people to recycle paper and cardboard
A method that makes a viable soil conditioner by using household waste
Unit 3. Which of the following best defines the phrase "infant mortality rate"?
How many children live in each square hectare
The number of births in a population
The number of infant deaths per 1,000 people aged zero to one
The difference between the birth rate and the death rate in a population
The total number of children in a population
Unit 8. The release of chemicals from underground storage tanks is most likely to pollute which of the following?
A landfill
The atmosphere
The ecotone
Aquifers
The hydrosphere
Unit 9. The United States Congress failed to ratify which of the following international agreements that is designed to control the release of carbon dioxide?
CITES agreement
Kyoto Protocol
Montreal Protocol
Clean Air Act
RCRA
Unit 6. Which of the following is the most sustainable way to ensure sufficient energy for the future?
Find more fossil fuels
Develop more effective solar power generators
Build more nuclear reactors
Reduce waste and inefficiency in electricity use and transmission
Increase the amount of electricity generated using natural gas
Unit 7. Which of the following best describes the goals of the CAFE standards?
Reduce pollution by coal-fired power plants
Increase habitat diversity in certain areas
Improve the quality of air around cities
Protect certain endangered species
Improve the fuel efficiency of automobiles in the United States
Unit 5. Which of the following best describes the use of DDT?
It supplies needed nitrogen to plants
It kills weeds and unwanted plants
It decreases the amount of pollution from car exhaust
It is a chemical involved in photosynthesis
It is an insecticide
Unit 2. Which of the following best explains why pesticides become ineffective over time?
Pesticides do not become ineffective over time.
Pests acquire resistance to the pesticide during exposure to the pesticide.
Pests develop immunity to the pesticide during exposure to the pesticide.
Pests resistant to the pesticide survived and passed on their resistance to the next generation.
Pests acquired resistance to the pesticide and passed on their resistance to the next generation.
Unit 8. For every ton of plastic recycled, 0.3 fewer tons of plastic is required to be manufactured. If 150 million tons of plastic are produced and 50 million tons of plastic are recycled each year in North America, how many tons of plastic needs to be newly manufactured each year?
1.5 million tons
15 million tons
115 million tons
135 million tons
150 million tons
Unit 4. All of the following statements about the degradation of soil by climate change are true EXCEPT
Increased flooding in coastal areas leads to soil desalinization
Increased global temperature produces more deserts
Decreased precipitation produces more deserts.
Increased evaporation of water leads to soil salinization
Increased global temperature leads to increased loss of organic material in soil.
Unit 5. According to the diagram above, cooking, showering and using toilets accounted for approximately what percent of total water use?
92 percent
46 percent
40 percent
6 percent
1 percent
Unit 9. One result of increased troposphere temperatures that are observed today is
an increase in skin cancers in people
an increase in the average global sea level of 10 to 20 cm
more radon seepage into people's home
a deeper permafrost in Artic regions
lakes and ponds remaining frozen longer into the spring
Unit 7. All of the following are major components of air pollution EXCEPT
sulfur dioxide
lead
arsenic
particulates
ozone
Unit 5. Which of the following is the root cause of habitat loss, especially in less developed nations?
road building
poverty
conversion of forest to farmland
capturing exotic animals for resale
a warm, moist habitat
Unit 3. All of the following are causes of urban sprawl EXCEPT
increased number of roads
higher crime rates in urban areas
higher levels of air and noise pollution in cities
increased oil prices
decreased cost of living in suburban areas
Unit 4. The motion of tectonic plates accounts for most of Earth's
CO2 emissions
formation of rivers
change of seasons
volcanic activity
oil formations
Unit 3. "K" and "r" are used to describe which of the following aspects of populations?
The place in a habitat where these organisms live
The number of males and females in the population
The number of predators each population has
The reproductive tactics used by populations
The time it takes a population to double
Unit 4. Conventional heating and cooling of the atmosphere transfers which of the following to other parts of the Earth?
I. Heat
II. Moisture
III. Nutrients
I only
II only
III only
I and II only
I, II, and III
Unit 4. Which of the following gives the correct sequence in the rock cycle shown above?
Rock A- Metamorphic / Rock B - Igneous / Rock C- Sedimentary
Rock A - Sedimentary / Rock B - Metamorphic / Rock C-Igneous
Rock A-Igneous / Rock B-Sedimentary / Rock C - Metamorphic
Rock A - Metamorphic / Rock B - Sedimentary / Rock C - Igneous
Rock A - Sedimentary / Rock B - Igneous / Rock C - Metamorphic
Unit 4. Which of the following rock types would contain the greatest number of fossils?
Igneous rock only
Metamorphic rock only
Sedimentary rock only
Igneous and metamorphic rock
Sedimentary and igneous rock
Unit 4. The North Atlantic Current provides which of the following for Europe and North America?
Fish to feed predators such as killer whales
Warm water that moderate land temperatures
Large amounts of CO2 to promote photosynthesis
Cold saltwater to help from icebergs
Mineral-rich water to reduce depleted mineral reserve
Unit 7. Which of the following indoor air pollutants is composed of microscopic mineral fibers that can produce lung cancer in humans?
Nitrogen oxides
Carbon monoxide
Asbestos
Radon
Formaldehyde
Unit 1. Which of the following is an example of commensalism?
Cheetahs and antelope
Mycorrhizae and plant roots
Humans and tapeworms
Hawks and mice
Barnacles and whales
Unit 9. Which two countries together are responsible for 40% of global greenhouse gas emissions?
United States and Great Britain
United States and China
China and India
Great Britain and Russia
Russia and Australia
Unit 6. Nuclear reactors use which of the following to absorb neutrons in the reactor core?
Steam condenser
Control rods
Heat exchanger
Fuel rods
Turbines
Unit 5. Riparian areas are vital to the preservation of high-quality
mountain slopes
grazing land
feedlots
rivers and streams
ocean beaches
Unit 5. Which of the following fishing techniques is most damaging to ocean bottom ecosystems?
Trawling
Drift nets
Long lines
Purse-seine
Fish farming
Unit 9. Which of the following treaties is responsible for lower levels of CFC production world wide?
Montreal Protocol
Kyoto Protocol
Clean Air Act
The Rio Earth Summit of 1972
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation of Liability Act
Unit 8. DDT is an insecticide sprayed to control insects. Years after is was introduced, DDT was found in large predatory birds, such as the osprey. Which of the following processes caused the DDT to be found in the osprey?
I. Biomagnification
II. Bioremediation
III. Bioaccumulation
I only
II only
III only
I and III only
I, II, and III
Unit 6. Doing which of the following could most effectively reduce acid rain and acid deposition?
Reducing the use and waste of electricity
Making taller smokestacks
Burning coal twice
Adding lime to acidified lakes
Moving power plants to desert areas
Unit 6. Which of the following forms of radiation is most harmful to humans?
Alpha
Gamma
Beta
Infrared
Radon
Unit 1. Which of the following ecosystems does NOT use solar energy as its ultimate energy source?
Pond
Deep-sea hydrothermal vent
Rain forest
Tundra
Coniferous Forest
Unit 7. All of the following are true about CO2 sequestering EXCEPT
It can be accomplished by pumping CO2 into carbonated beverages
It can be accomplished by pumping CO2 into crop lands
It can be accomplished by pumping CO2 deep under the ocean floor
It can be accomplished by pumping CO2 deep underground into dried-up oil wells
It can be accomplished by pumping CO2 into immature forests
Unit 9. Which of the following is NOT true concerning invasive species?
They can outcompete native species in a habitat.
They can reproduce more rapidly than native species.
They are highly specialized and have narrow niches.
They alter the biodiversity of the area they are invading.
They are introduced into a habitat and are not native.
Unit 1. The Second Law of Thermodynamics is best described by which of the following?
The amount of solar radiation going into an ecosystem is equal to the total amount of energy going out of that system.
The amount of carbon in the atmosphere has increased due to the combustion of fossil fuels
As electricity is transmitted through wires, some of the power is lost to the environment as heat.
Wind-generated electricity has more power than electricity generated at a hydropower plant.
The amount of electricity used to light a light bulb is less than the amount of light that the bulb produces.
Unit 5. Salinization of soil can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT
flooding in coastal areas
rising temperatures
excessive irrigation
drip irrigation
lack of precipitation
Unit 3. Which of the following is true about early-loss populations, such as fish?
The chances of an adult dying are about the same as a child dying.
The maturation process is slow.
The populations are close to the carrying capacity.
They are specialists.
Many individuals die at an early age.
Unit 2. A farmer stops farming a certain tract of land, and small bushes soon grow there. The land then progresses to the deciduous tree stage. This process is known as
pioneer succession
wetland succession
secondary succession
primary succession
regressive succession
Unit 2. According to the diagram, low species diversity and small-sized plants are characteristic of which stage of succession?
I. Late stage succession
II. Midstage succession
III. Early stage succession
I only
II only
III only
I and III only
I, II, and III
Unit 5. In this method of land preservation, countries promise they will preserve important habitats in return for the forgiveness of loans to other countries.
Ecotourism
Establishment of biological reserves
Small-scale sustainable farming
Debt for nature swaps
Phase-out economic practices such as farm subsidies
Unit 9. Ozone depletion is occurring most rapidly in the Earth's polar regions because
there are more researchers studying the problem at the poles than at the equator.
the atmosphere is thicker at the poles, so ozone destruction is easier to observe
large amounts of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) can accumulate on ice crystals formed in the cold atmosphere
the upper atmosphere winds form a pattern of high- and low- pressure systems that can cause the destruction of ozone
the solar UV radiation is stronger at the poles, promoting the breakdown of ozone
Unit 2. Smaller forest fires are beneficial to forests for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
removal of competing plants
combustion of dried leaves or needles, which reduces the threat of large fires
burning the crowns of trees
germinating seeds of certain plant species
making burned matter available as a nutrient
Unit 6. What are the negative impacts of dams on ecosystems?
I. Loss of silt in the river downstream from the damn
II. Generation of low pollution electricity
III. Loss of terrestrial biodiversity in areas surrounding the dam
I only
II only
III only
I and III only
I, II, and III
Unit 2. Which of the following best illustrates the process of evolution?
A parasite population becomes resistant to a drug
Rabbits can have brown fur in the summer and white fur in winter
Frogs burrow deep into the mud during winter
A baby is born and has a different color hair than its parents
A squid changes color to hide from predators
Unit 6. Which of the following is a renewable energy source?
Crude oil
Coal
Natural gas
Nuclear energy
Hydrogen cells
Unit 9. The energy necessary to produce stratospheric ozone comes from which of the following?
Oxygen
Sunlight
Radioactive decay
Magma
Wind
Unit 9. Which of the following chemicals can cause lung irritation in the troposphere but is very helpful to humans in the stratosphere?
O2
O3
Chlorofluorocarbons
H2SO4
DDT
Unit 7. Which of the following best describes the differences between primary pollutant and a secondary pollutant?
Primary pollutants rise up the smokestack before secondary pollutants are formed.
Primary pollutants are formed from secondary pollutants interacting in the water.
Secondary pollutants are formed from primary pollutants interacting in the atmosphere
Secondary pollutants are made by cars, while secondary pollutants are made by the burning of wood.
Secondary pollutants are directly created by the burning of coal and primary pollutants from the burning of oil
