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Muscular System

Total questions: 120

Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

___are thick filaments.

a)

actin

b)

myosin

c)

troponin

d)

tropomyosin

2.

___are thin filaments.

a)

troponin

b)

tropomyosin

c)

actin

d)

myosin

3.

___are regulatory proteins that cover the myosin binding site on the actin.

a)

troponin-tropomyosin

b)

sarcomere

c)

sarcolemma

d)

sarcoplasmic reticulum

4.

The Z Line provides attachment for the ...

a)

Troponin

b)

Myosin

c)

Actin

d)

ATP

5.
World-class sprinters can have up to ____ more of fast twitch muscle fibres in their body
a)
20%
b)
40%
c)
60%
d)
80%
6.
Marathon runners can have up to ____ % or more of slow twitch muscle fibers in their bodies
a)
20%
b)
40%
c)
60%
d)
80%
7.
Type IIa Fibres are called...
a)
Fast Oxidative
b)
Fast Glycolytic
c)
Slow Oxidative
d)
Slow Glycolytic
8.
Which one of the following is a key characteristic of Fast Twitch B muscle fibers? 
a)
They are Red in color, meaning they contain a lot of mitochondria
b)
They contract rapidly with great force but fatigue fast (as they use creatine phosphate pathway)
c)
They are recruited for long duration activities
d)
They contain high numbers of Mitochondria
9.
Muscle fatigue sets in due to the nonavailability of 
a)
calcium
b)
ATP
c)
actin binding sites
d)
sodium
10.
A motor unit is made up of _______________.
a)
all the muscle fibers within a given muscle
b)
a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates
c)
all the neurons going into an individual section of the body
d)
a fascicle and a nerve
11.
Which fibers are relatively fatigue-resistant and use aerobic respiration?
a)
oxidative
b)
glycolytic
12.
_________ fibers are white in color due to the lack of myoglobin.
a)
slow oxidative
b)
fast glycolytic
c)
fast oxidative
13.
Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle?
a)
Rough
b)
Smooth
c)
Cardiac
d)
Skeletal
14.

CHECK THE FOLLOWING THAT ARE CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSCLE TISSUE

a)

ELASTICITY

b)

CONTRACTILITY

c)

EXTENSIBILITY

d)

EXCITABILITY

15.

THIS TYPE OF MUSCLE IS STRIATED AND VOLUNTARY

a)

VISCERAL

b)

SKELETAL

c)

CARDIAC

16.

THE NEUROTRANSMITTER RESPONSIBLE FOR SENDING AN ACTION POTENTIAL

a)

EPINEPHRINE

b)

ACETYLCHOLINE

c)

NOREPINEPHRINE

17.
The function of the muscular system is movement 
a)
True
b)
false 
18.
Which characteristic of a muscle allows it to shorten?
a)
extensability
b)
contractility
c)
excitability
d)
elasticity
19.
Which is not a function of the muscular system?
a)
generating heat
b)
maintaining posture
c)
movement of substances
d)
protecting organs
20.
Which type of muscle is found linging organs?
a)
smooth
b)
cardiac
c)
skeletal
21.
Which type of muscles are involuntary?
a)
cardiac
b)
skeletal
22.

What is part number 2?

a)

epimysium

b)

perimysium

c)

fascicle

d)

myofibril

23.

What is part number 3?

a)

epimysium

b)

perimysium

c)

fascicle

d)

myofibril

24.

At the level of the sarcomere, all of the following occur during muscular contraction, EXCEPT

a)

Shortening of the muscle fiber

b)

H zone disappears

c)

A band moves closer

d)

H zone widens

25.

Which of the following methods for generating energy for muscular contraction produces the biggest amount of energy?

a)

Anaerobic glycolysis

b)

Aerobic respiration

c)

Direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatinine phosphate

d)

Krebs Cycle

e)

Electron transport chain

26.
One of the characteristics of muscle tissue is that it has extensibility. Which of the following best describes this characteristic?
a)
muscles contract when stimulated
b)
muscles have local electircal charges that are capable of moving along the muscle fiber
c)
muscles only pull, they cannot push
d)
muscles can stretch when needed
27.
The outer membrane of the muscle fiber is known as the
a)
cell surface membrane
b)
sarcolemma
c)
sarcoplasm
d)
sarcoplasmic reticulum
28.

Smooth Muscle is found in the?

a)

Heart

b)

Facial

c)

Organs

d)

Legs

29.
Which of the following best describes why, when compared to other cells, muscle cells contain a large number of mitochondria?
a)
The muscle cells require a lot of ATP for muscle contraction.
b)
The mitochondria are needed to remove carbon dioxide from the cells
c)
Muscle fibers are strongly associated with mitochondria.
d)
The mitochondria produce myoglobin.
30.
The place where an impulse is transmitted from a motor neuron to a skeletal muscle is called the
a)
intercalated disc
b)
myofibril
c)
origin point
d)
neuromuscular junction
31.
The neurotransmitter that signals muscle contraction is called...
a)
Ach
b)
Myosin
c)
Actin
d)
Calcium
32.
The mechanism of muscle contraction.
a)
sarcoplasmic reticulum
b)
fasciitis
c)
sliding filament mechanism
d)
muscle cramps
33.
Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells 
a)
causes fatigue
b)
produces lactic acid
c)
occurs with a lack of oxygen
d)
all of these
34.
An action potential is:
a)
an electrical signal sent in neurons and muscle fibers used to transmit messages.
b)
an electrical signal sent only in muscle fibers used to create a contraction.
c)
a property of muscle fibers that allows contraction to occur.
d)
a specialized structure found within the muscle fiber that is used for contraction.
35.
The location where a muscle fiber and neuron meet is called:
a)
Neuromuscular Junction
b)
Musculoneural Junction
c)
Sarcomere
d)
Motor Neuron
36.
This disease is a genetic X-linked disorder that results in the absence of the dystrophin protein.  Affected males have progressive muscle atrophy and significantly decreased lifespans.
a)
Trichinosis
b)
Fibromyalgia
c)
Duchenne Muscular Dystropy
37.
This disease is characterized by vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, fever, swelling of the face and eyes, joint and muscle pain and even heart and breathing problems. It results from eating undercooked meats and acquiring a parasitic worm that curls up in the muscles. 
a)
Trichinosis
b)
Fibromyalgia
c)
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
38.

Caused by an antibody against the acetylcholine receptor

a)

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP)

b)

Myasthenia gravis

c)

Rhabdomyolysis

d)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

39.

Pseudonym is Lou Gehrig's Disease

a)

ALS

b)

Myathenia gravis

c)

Botulism

d)

Cerebral palsy

40.

What ingredients needed for muscle contraction to occur?

a)

Electrical Impulse

b)

ATP

c)

Calcium

d)

Vitamin D

41.

ATP breaks the myosin-actin cross bridge, freeing the myosin for the next contraction? (T/F)

a)

True

b)

False

42.

The process of muscle contraction and relaxation can be viewed as having these four major phases. Check all that apply.

a)

Relaxation

b)

Constriction

c)

Excitation

d)

Excitation-contraction coupling

e)

Contraction

43.

Identify the correct order of the "Excitation" phase of muscle contraction.

a)

Nerve signal (AP-Action Potential) reaches synaptic knob and causes the release of ACh into synaptic cleft, ACh will bind to receptors on sarcolemma, This activates an (AP-Action Potential)) within the muscle cell.

b)

ACh will bind to receptors on sarcolemma, Nerve signal (AP) reaches synaptic knob and causes the release of ACh into synaptic cleft, This activates an (AP) within the muscle cell.

c)

This activates an (AP) within the muscle cell, ACh will bind to receptors on sarcolemma, Nerve signal (AP) reaches synaptic know and causes the release of ACh into the synaptic cleft.

44.

Sarcomeres have a unique arrangement to allow for muscle contractions to occur. (T/F)

a)

True

b)

False

45.

Identify this muscle.

a)

Rectus Femoris

b)

Bicep Femoris

c)

Peroneus Brevis

46.

John is a sprinter. He does short sprints. What type of muscle fibers are utilized for short term and/or intense movements and fatigue extremely fast.

a)

Fast Oxidative Fibers

b)

Slow Oxidative Fibers

c)

Fast Glycolytic Fibers

47.
A motor unit is made up of _______________.
a)
all the muscle fibers within a given muscle
b)
a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates
c)
all the neurons going into an individual section of the body
d)
a fascicle and a nerve
48.
Long distance runners have large proportion of ___________ fibers.
a)
slow oxidative
b)
fast oxidative
c)
fast glycolytic
49.
World-class sprinters can have up to ____ more of fast twitch muscle fibres in their body
a)
20%
b)
40%
c)
60%
d)
80%
50.
Doing push-ups requires the use of several muscles, including:
a)
Triceps Brachii and Pectoralis Major
b)
Gastrocnemius and Hamstrings
c)
Gluteus Maximus
d)
Soleus
51.

Which fiber stores a high amount of glycogen but a low amount of myoglobin?

a)

Slow oxidative

b)

Intermediate oxidative

c)

Fast glycolytic

52.

Which fiber does aerobic respiration and has little enzyme action?

a)

Slow oxidative

b)

Intermediate Oxidative

c)

Fast Glycolytic

53.

Calcium is stored in the ___.

a)

sarcoplasm

b)

sarcolemma

c)

sarcoplasmic reticulum

d)

transverse tubules

54.

A ___extends from one Z disc to another Z disc.

a)

Sarcolemma

b)

Neuromuscular junction

c)

Sarcomere

d)

Motor end plate

55.

___gets shorter during contraction.

a)

actin

b)

myosin

c)

troponin-tropomyosin

d)

none of these

56.

___forms a crossbridge with actin.

a)

actin

b)

myosin

c)

calcium

d)

ATP

57.

Calcium binds to ___of the troponin-tropomyosin complex.

a)

troponin

b)

tropomyosin

c)

actin

d)

myosin

58.
Thin filaments in a myofibril are
a)
Sarcomeres
b)
Sarcoplasm
c)
Actin
d)
Myosin
59.

True or False: Cross-bridges is when a myosin head attaches to an actin during contraction

a)

True

b)

False

60.

What starts a muscle contraction?

a)

Release of Calcium Ions

b)

Attachment of Myosin-Heads

c)

An Action Potential

d)

Release of ADP

61.

Higher Questioning: Whats happens to the A band during contraction?

a)

It grows in size

b)

It stays the same

c)

It shrinks in size

62.

Higher Questioning: Do the lengths of the thick and thin filaments change during contraction?

a)

Yes

b)

No

63.
The functional unit of the muscle cell is the: 
a)
Sarcomere
b)
Osteon
c)
Myofilament
d)
Muscle fiber
64.
enzyme that breaks down the muscle cell neurotransmitter and ends the impulse
a)
lactase
b)
sucrase
c)
lipase
d)
acetylcholinterase
65.
What two chemicals are necessary for muscle contraction to occur?
a)
Niacin and Potassium
b)
Calcium and ATP
c)
Sodium and Potassium
d)
Ach and Potassium
66.

The electrical activity developed in a muscle or nerve cell during activity or depolarisation is called

a)

Resting membrane potential

b)

Action potential

c)

Motor contraction

d)

All

67.

The actual muscle contraction is caused by...

a)

the thick myofilament pulling the thin myofilament to the M line

b)

the thick filament pulling the tropomyosin to the M line

c)

calcium binding to troponin

d)

calcium returning to the terminal cisternae

68.

What happens right after the muscle contracts?

a)

muscle depolarizes

b)

nerve depolarizes

c)

vesicles dump acetylcholine into the synpse

d)

everything resets, ready to contract again

69.
What happens to the calcium after muscle contraction is complete?
a)
It is removed from the body
b)
It is used to build bone
c)
It is transported to the sarcoplasmic reticulum
d)
It binds to the sodium
70.

Which of the following is the correct order of muscle tissue?

a)

fascicle, muscle fiber, myofibril, sarcomere, myofilament

b)

muscle fiber, fascicle, sarcomere, myofibril, myofilament

c)

sarcomere, muscle fiber, fascicle, myofibril, myofilament

d)

fascicle, muscle fiber, myofilament, myofibril, sarcomer

71.

Which of the following is the correct order of muscle tissue?

a)

fascicle, muscle fiber, myofibril, sarcomere, myofilament

b)

muscle fiber, fascicle, sarcomere, myofibril, myofilament

c)

sarcomere, muscle fiber, fascicle, myofibril, myofilament

d)

fascicle, muscle fiber, myofilament, myofibril, sarcomer

72.

Covers the actin filament and prevents the myosin heads from attaching to the binding sites (rope or strand shape).

a)

tropomyosin

b)

Myosin and actin

c)

T-tubules

d)

Troponin

73.

The light colored band (#7)

a)

I band

b)

A band

c)

Z line

d)

M line

74.
Another name for a muscle cell.
a)
Fiber
b)
Sacrolemma
c)
Sacromere
d)
Fascicle
75.

Choose the arrangement that lists the events in the order the occur at a neuromuscular injunction in given the following events:


1.the man plays piano with fingers

2.these impulses come from brain to motor neuron

3.brain send series of electrical impulses to do any job lets say play piano

4.motor neuron takes these impulses to the skeletal muscle

5.from muscle to the fingers

a)

2,3,4,1,5

b)

3,2,4,5,1

c)

3,4,2,1,3

d)

4,5,2,1,3

76.
identify
a)
cardiac
b)
smooth
c)
skeletal
77.
A group of inherited muscle-destroying diseases.
a)
meuromuscular junction
b)
muscle cramps
c)
muscular dystrophy
d)
muscle tension
78.
Skeletal muscle fatigue occurs because of
a)
inadequate numbers of mitochondria
b)
the feedback loop is not working
c)
a total lack of ATP
d)
insufficient intracellular quantities of ATP due to excessive consumption
79.
the chemical that accumulates in muscles when oxygen is depleted
a)
myoglobin
b)
hemoglobin
c)
lactic acid
d)
carbon dioxide
80.
connective tissue that extends inward from the epimysium separating muscle tissue into fascicles
a)
endomysium
b)
perimysyium
c)
aponeurosis
d)
tendon
81.

What is a motor unit?

a)

A motor neuron and all of the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates

b)

A contractile unit of a muscle fiber

c)

The tissue that surrounds the muscle fiber

d)

The junction between the muscle cell and neuron

82.

What does anaerobic glycolysis not require to occur?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Glucose

d)

ATP

83.

The property of all muscles that can be defined as the muscle tissue having a electric gradient which can reverse when stimulated is?

a)

Excitability

b)

Contraction

c)

Elongate

84.
What muscle is this?
a)
Trapezius
b)
Buccinator
c)
Flatus abdominis
d)
Rectus abdominis 
85.
In the human body where would you find the Gastrocnemius?    
a)
Upper back
b)
Chest
c)
Lower leg
d)
Lower arm 
86.
Which one of the following types of muscle tissue is voluntary?  
a)
Myocardium 
b)
Gastrointestinal tract 
c)
Erector spinae
d)
Urinary tract
87.

Area #2 is called the -

a)

endomysium

b)

perimysium

c)

epimysium

d)

olomysium

88.

What are the individual muscle fibers (cells) that are arranged in bundles called?

a)

Epimysium

b)

Perimysium

c)

Endomysium

d)

Fascicles

89.

What is a band of dense regular connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone called?

a)

Tendons

b)

Perimysium

c)

Epimysium

d)

Ligaments

90.

What in muscle cells stores oxygen?

a)

Glycogen

b)

Myolglobin

c)

Hemoglobin

d)

Fatty acids

91.

What muscle is this?

a)

Levator Scapulae

b)

Erector Spinae

c)

Trapezius

92.

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is an inherited disorder caused by an abnormal x chromosome. (T/F)

a)

True

b)

False

93.

Oxygen is required to restore ATP and creatine phosphate levels, convert lactic acid to pyruvic acid, and, in the liver, to convert lactic acid into glucose or glycogen. (T/F)

a)

True

b)

False

94.

Aerobic Respiration is the breakdown of glucose or other nutrients in the presence of oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. (T/F)

a)

True

b)

False

95.

The release of what mineral initiates muscle contractions?

(a)  

96.

A muscle also can stop contracting when it runs out of ATP and becomes fatigued. (T/F)

a)

True

b)

False

97.

The sequence of events that result in the contraction of an individual muscle fiber begins with a signal—the neurotransmitter, ACh—from the motor neuron innervating that fiber. (T/F)

a)

True

b)

False

98.

What properties do all three muscle tissues have in common? Check all that apply

a)

They all exhibit a quality called excitability as their plasma membranes can change their electrical states

b)

They send an electrical wave called an action potential along the entire length of the membrane

c)

They are all non striated

99.

The muscles all begin the actual process of contracting (shortening) when what protein is pulled by a protein called myosin.

a)

troponin

b)

actin

c)

tropomyosin

100.

Skeletal muscles contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis in the body by generating what?

(a)  

101.

Inside each fascicle, each muscle fiber is encased in a thin connective tissue layer of collagen and reticular fibers called?

a)

perimysium

b)

epimysium

c)

endomysium

102.

What connective tissue contains the extracellular fluid and nutrients to support the muscle fiber. These nutrients are supplied via blood to the muscle tissue

a)

endomysium

b)

fascicles

c)

perimysium

103.

Every skeletal muscle is richly supplied by blood vessels for nourishment, oxygen delivery, and waste removal. (T/F)?

a)

True

b)

False

104.

Both neurons and skeletal muscle cells are electrically excitable, meaning that they are able to generate what? action potentials.

a)

actin

b)

action potentials

105.

An action potential is a special type of electrical signal that can travel along a cell membrane as a wave. (T/F)?

a)

True

b)

False

106.

excitation-contraction coupling: for a skeletal muscle fiber to contract, its membrane must first be —in other words, it must be stimulated to fire an action potential. Fill in the blank.

(a)  

107.

The plasma membrane of muscle fibers is called the sarcolemma, the cytoplasm is referred to as sarcoplasm, and the specialized smooth endoplasmic reticulum, which stores, releases, and retrieves calcium ions (Ca++) is called the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). (T/F)

a)

True

b)

False

108.

When signaled by a motor neuron, a skeletal muscle fiber contracts as the thin filaments are pulled and then slide past the thick filaments within the fiber’s sarcomeres. What is this process called?

a)

Wolff's law

b)

Sliding Filament Model

c)

The Elasticity Model

109.

Two of the 4 muscles are identified in this picture. These muscles make up what part of the upper extremity? These muscles help stabilize the shoulder.

a)

Biceps Brachii

b)

Rotator Cuff

c)

Triceps Brachii

110.

Aerobic respiration is much more efficient than anaerobic glycolysis? (T/F)

a)

True

b)

False

111.

Aerobic respiration produces approximately how many ATPs per molecule of glucose versus how many from glycolysis?

(a)  

112.

DMD is caused by too much of the protein dystrophin, which helps the thin filaments of myofibrils bind to the sarcolemma.

a)

True

b)

False

113.

The smooth appearance of skeletal muscle fibers is due to the arrangement of the myofilaments of actin and myosin in sequential order from one end of the muscle fiber to the other

a)

True

b)

False

114.

Cramps are caused by a sedentary lifestyle. T/F?

a)

True

b)

False

115.

Trendelenberg gait is abnormal gait caused by weakness or ineffective action of the abductor muscles of the lower limb, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. T/F?

a)

True

b)

False

116.

The four rotator cuff muscles are SITS, which stands for: Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor and?

a)

Sternecleidomastoid

b)

Subscapularis

c)

Scalene

117.

(a)   is a thin casing of connective tissue that surrounds and holds every organ, blood vessel, bone nerve fiber, and muscle in place.

118.

The function of Infraspinatus and Teres Minor is to (a)  

119.

Supraspinatus is responsible for (a)   ?

120.

Internal rotation of the shoulder is the function of (a)   ?

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