Crust is made up mostly of solid rocks and minerals, and is enriched in

silica and other components. It is extremely thin, compared to the other

layers, and its thickness varies from 5 to around 80 km depending on

where you are on the planet.

The crust, together with the uppermost part of the mantle, make up the

brittle lithosphere, which is broken up into major sections called tectonic

plates.

The most abundant element in Earth’s crust is oxygen with an average

abundance of 276 900 ppm (parts per million).

Aluminum is found in sand, quartzite, mica, and talc. This element is

usually utilized in the production of ceramics, glass, cosmetics,

insecticides, and pharmaceutical products.

Silicon is extracted from its compounds commonly through the Bayer and

Hall-Heroult processes. It is a lightweight metal used in making utensil

foils and packaging materials.

Continental crust is composed mostly of dark-colored mafic rocks. The

density of oceanic crust ranges from 2.9 to 3.1 g/cm3.

Continental margins separate continental crust from oceanic crust. These

are prominent between oceanic and continental crust in passive margins.

Deep ocean basins are the areas found between the continental margins

and ocean ridges.

The oceanic crust, is composed of many rock types. It’s major component

is granodiorite, a light-colored igneous rock.