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WorksheetsLewis Ch14 Infection
Total questions: 11
Worksheet time: 6mins
Emerging and reemerging infections affect health care by (select all that apply)
reevaluating vaccine practices.
revealing antimicrobial resistance.
limiting antibiotics to those with life-threatening infection.
challenging researchers to discover new antimicrobial therapies.
Interventions to prevent health care–associated infections include (select all that apply)
following hand-washing protocols.
limiting visitors to persons over age 18.
placing high-risk patients in private rooms.
decontaminating equipment used for patient care.
appropriately using personal protective equipment.
Transmission of HIV from an infected person to another most often occurs because of
unprotected anal or vaginal sexual intercourse.
low levels of virus in the blood and high levels of CD4+ T cells.
transmission from mother to infant during labor and delivery and breastfeeding.
sharing eating utensils, dry kissing, hugging, using toilet seats, or shaking hands.
During HIV infection
reverse transcriptase helps HIV fuse with the CD4+ T cell.
HIV RNA uses the CD4+ T cell’s mitochondria to replicate.
the immune system is impaired predominantly by the eventual widespread destruction of CD4+ T cells.
a long period of dormancy develops during which HIV cannot be found in the blood and there is little viral replication.
A diagnosis of AIDS is made when an HIV-infected patient has
a CD4+ T cell count below 200/μL.
a high level of HIV in the blood and saliva.
lipodystrophy with metabolic abnormalities.
oral hairy leukoplakia, an infection caused by Epstein-Barr virus.
Screening for HIV infection generally involves
detecting CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in saliva.
laboratory analysis of saliva to detect CD4+ T cells.
analysis of lymph tissues for the presence of HIV RNA.
laboratory analysis of blood to detect HIV antigen and/or antibody.
HIV antiretroviral drugs are used to
cure acute HIV infection.
decrease viral RNA levels.
treat opportunistic diseases.
decrease symptoms in terminal disease.
Opportunistic diseases in HIV infection
are usually benign.
are generally slow to develop and progress.
occur in the presence of immunosuppression.
are curable with appropriate drug interventions.
Which statements about metabolic side effects of ART are true (select all that apply)?
These are annoying symptoms that are ultimately harmless.
ART-related body changes include fat redistribution and peripheral wasting.
Lipid problems include increases in triglycerides and decreases in high-density cholesterol.
Insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia can be treated with drugs to control glucose and cholesterol.
Compared to uninfected people, insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia are harder to treat in HIV-infected patients.
Which strategy can the nurse teach the patient to eliminate the risk for HIV transmission?
Using sterile equipment to inject drugs
Cleaning equipment used to inject drugs
Taking lamivudine (Epivir) during pregnancy
Using latex or polyurethane barriers to cover genitalia during sexual contact
What is the most appropriate nursing intervention to help an HIV-infected patient adhere to a treatment regimen?
Set up a drug pillbox for the patient every week.
Give the patient a video and a brochure to view and read at home.
Tell the patient that side effects of ART are bad but that they go away.
Assess the patient’s routines and find adherence cues that fit into the patient’s life circumstances.
