WorksheetsReview: Quiz 4
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 16mins
Select the correct order that tRNA travels through the ribosomal sites.
E --> P --> A
P --> A --> E
A --> P --> E
A --> E --> P
Translation occurs in the _______ and requires a(n) _________.
Nucleus; mRNA
Cytoplasm; ribosome
Cytoplasm; RNA polymerase enzyme
Nucleoid; ribosome
Which best describes the purpose of translation?
mRNA --> Protein
mRNA --> tRNA
DNA --> mRNA
tRNA --> amino acid
Which of the following are used in translation? Select all that apply!
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
Which of the following is an example of conservation in the genetic code?
UAG, UAA, UGA
AAA, CCC, UUU, GGG
UUA, UUG, CUC, CUA, CUG, CUU (Leu)
AAC, AAU, AAG, AAA
Which of the following is an example of redundancy in the genetic code?
UAG, UAA, UGA
AAA, CCC, UUU, GGG
UUA, UUG, CUC, CUA, CUG, CUU (Leu)
AAC, AAU, AAG, AAA
The start codon is ______ and it codes for the amino acid _______.
AUG; Methionine
UAG; Cysteine
UGA; ribosomal binding site
AUG; ribosomal binding site
CUG; Leucine
Which of the following does NOT occur during initiation of translation?
The mRNA and small ribosomal subunit bind
The first tRNA binds to the start codon
The large ribosomal unit attaches to the small
The sigma factor recognizes the promotor region
What binds the mRNA to the small ribosomal subunit?
Hydrogen bonds
The start codon
The ribosomal binding sequence
The promotor sequence
Where does tRNA go after it adds its amino acid to the growing polypeptide?
The A site
The P site
The E site
What kind of bonds form between the amino acids in the growing polypeptide?
Hydrogen
Covalent (peptide)
Covalent (phosphodiester)
Ionic
What is it called when the ribosome advances to the next codon?
Transcription
Translation
Translocation
Termination
An uncharged tRNA does NOT have a(n) _______
Anticodon
3' end
5' end
Amino acid
What enters the ribosome when a stop codon is reached?
The stop amino acid
A release factor protein
The terminator
A tRNA molecule
What happens during termination of translation? Select all that apply!
The stop codon is reached
The polypeptide is released
The release factor enters the ribosome
The ribosomal subunits dissociate
Which of the following is true of an endergonic reaction? Select all that apply!
It is spontaneous
It is anabolic
It requires energy
It has a negative Gibbs free energy value
Which of the following is true of an exergonic reaction? Select all that apply!
It is spontaneous
It is anabolic
It requires energy
It has a negative Gibbs free energy value
Potential energy is the energy of _______.
Position and location
ATP
Movement
Active transport
Kinetic energy is the energy of _______.
Position and location
ATP
Movement
Active transport
How do endergonic reactions obtain energy?
Dehydration reactions
Cellular respiration
Energetic coupling
Concentration gradients
Select all of the examples of potential energy.
An electrochemical gradient
Energy stored in chemical bonds
Energy lost as heat
Electricity
An unused battery
The hydrolysis of ATP is ________. Select all that apply!
Endergonic
Exergonic
Catabolic
Anabolic
How do enzymes catalyze reactions?
By creating more active sites
By participating as a reactant
By synthesizing ATP
By lowering activation energy
The active site of an enzyme is.....
Specific to one substrate
Where exergonic reactions occur
Used for hundreds of substrates
Where ATP is synthesized
_______ is usable energy, and ________ is unusable energy.
Chemical potential energy; potential energy
Kinetic energy; potential energy
Entropy; enthalpy
Gibbs free energy; enthalpy
Enthalpy; entropy
What is activation energy?
Chemical potential energy
The amount of energy needed to overcome the transition state
The amount of energy needed for enzymes to function
The amount of ATP available in a reaction
What will happen to the concentrations of A, B, and C when Enzyme 1 is deactivated?
A + Enzyme 1 --> B + Enzyme 2 --> C
A and B will decrease, C will increase
A will increase, B and C will decrease
A, B, and C will decrease
A will decrease, B and C will increase
Enzymes require optimal ___________ to function. Select all that apply!
pH
Temperature
Color
Size
How are enzymes regulated, or deactivated?
Hormone secretion
Feedback excitation
Feedback inhibition
Enzyme phosphorylation
________ is the loss of electrons, and _________ is the gain of electrons.
Hydrolysis; dehydration
Catabolism; anabolism
Reduction; oxidation
Oxidation; reduction
