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WorksheetsNature of Science Exam
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 30mins
The results of one experiment carried out by a research team would be considered valid if
the experiment had more than one independent variable
the experiment had a control
all members of the research team came to the same conclusion
the experiment was repeated and the same results were obtained each time
Which of the following would lead to a change in current scientific theory?
A change in the world's opinion
A small group of scientists who studied the theory can make changes
The person who originally developed the theory can make changes
A change in scientific evidence regarding the theory
Scientists study many different things but what do they all have in common?
All scientists use carefully controlled experiments to determine the relationship between the independent variable and dependent variable
All scientists work in laboratories to make sure variables are carefully controlled
All scientists use expensive equipment
All scientists pursue explanations about the natural world
When there is an accidental spill in the laboratory, it is most important to know
where the safety goggles are stored
what number to call for poison control
where the fire extinguisher is located
which materials are safe to use for cleaning
Vianka is conducting an investigation. Which of these procedures would best ensure that all the data she collected is reliable?
Record all data as soon as it is collected
Use only data that supports your conclusion
Eliminate data that conflicts with the hypothesis
Perform only one trial to avoid conflicting data
Ranya used a hot plate to heat 1L of water from 20 degrees celsius and recorded the temperature of the water each minute until it began to boil. Which of the following provides the most appropriate way to represent the data?
A bar graph with temperature on the y-axis and time on the x-axis
A bar graph with time on the y-axis and on the temperature x-axis
A line graph with temperature on the y-axis and time on the x-axis
A line graph with time on the y-axis and temperature on the x-axis
Why are models important in explaining scientific concepts?
They have no limitations
They are artificially created
They make it easier to explain scientific concepts
They allow scientists to represent the natural world
Tajhai plans to conduct an experiment to see how quickly mice learn to navigate to reach a reward at the other end. Which of these will help lead to the most accurate conclusion?
Make the maze bigger
Provide different food rewards
Use a reward other than food
Use the same maze and reward every day
When experimental evidence _____________ a theory, that theory is made __________
proves; into a law
supports; into a law
proves; stronger
supports; stronger
A science teacher divided her class into four groups and asked each group to submit an idea for an experimental project in Earth science, complete with independent and dependent variables. The groups submitted their ideas with the following titles:
Group W: “The History of Solar Power in the State of Florida”
Group X: “A Model of the Hawaiian Volcano Mauna Loa”
Group Y: “The Effects of Plant Growth on the Amount of Soil Erosion”
Group Z: “How Many Types of Soil Are Present at Our School?”
Based on the titles, which group most likely designed an experimental project?
Group W
Group X
Group Y
Group Z
A science class puts a rain gauge outside of the classroom window to measure the amount of rain in centimeters (cm) that falls each month. The table shows the data the class collected. Which statement is a conclusion that can be drawn made based on this data?
March is always the rainiest month.
The rainfall in June will be greater than two inches.
The winter months were more rainy than the spring months.
Most likely a weather event in March caused a large amount of rain.
The Big Bang Theory offers an explanation about the formation of the universe as we know it. Discoveries and the dialogue that follow continue to add more evidence supporting the theory. New evidence leads to logical reasoning about the details of the universe's beginning and adds more credibility to the theory. How does scientific theory relate to the scientific method of inquiry?
Theory cannot be tested.
Theory determines observations.
Theory cannot be shared with others.
Theory changes as new data is collected.
In the late 19th century, Giovanni Schiaparelli observed the planet Mars with a telescope. He detected lines across the surface of Mars, which he called "channels." This word was translated into English as "canals." Then, the astronomer Percival Lowell drew maps depicting a fallacious Martian civilization. Later observations with better telescopes showed that there are no canals on Mars. How was scientific knowledge of Mars open to change?
New evidence could also be interpreted as canals.
New evidence showed Martian civilization was possible.
New evidence did not support the earlier interpretations of observations.
New evidence was insufficient to confirm or deny the earlier observations.
Using any of your 5 senses to describe the world around you.
Observation
Inference
Scientific law
Logical Theory
What is the DEPENDENT variable in this experiment? "Do tall people jump higher than short people?"
Music
The number of times an experiment is repeated.
abundant
model
trials
valid
The steps to follow to complete an experiment.
inference
manipulate
procedures
valid
A scientific idea tested by multiple scientists and supported by multiple pieces of tested factual evidence is a...
Theory
Scientific Law
Hypothesis
Fact
Data
What can undo a theory?
A single test proving a theory wrong
A single "repeatable" test proving a theory wrong
A change in publics opinion of a theory
Politicians can pass laws undoing a theory
Jaynae is investigating to find out if bean plants grow taller in ordinary topsoil or special potting soil over a three week period. She sets up her investigation with 10 bean plants of equal size in each type of soil.
What should Jane do each day to make sure she gets valid results?
Calculate the average plant height for each soil type.
Estimate the height of each plant's stem and record the estimate.
Water only the plants in special potting soil.
Move the plants in ordinary topsoil to different locations.
A scientist performs an experiment and asks other scientists around the world to replicate it. Why would other scientists most likely try to perform the same experiment?
to find out if weather of various regions of the world would affect the results
to see if the experiment would be less expensive in another part of the world
to confirm the results of the experiment conducted by the scientist
to verify that the hypothesis of the experiment is a scientific law
How can scientific knowledge impact a decision about treating the Corona virus outbreak?
the more you know about it, then more people can die from it
knowledge is power, but not over a Zika outbreak
the more known about how it spreads, then we can better contain it
it makes it harder to cure it
If Dr. Feldman tried to sell you a $900 product with the claim it "cured all illnesses," you should __
buy all of it and sell it for a profit
ask him if he would let you work for him
ask for more data and evidence to support his claim
buy 1 bottle and try it out on yourself
When your classmate copies an experiment that you have already conducted it is called _____
restitution
replication
repetition
cheating
When you repeat your experimental procedures for multiple test trials, this is called _______
replication
restitution
repetition
recognition
The observations and data on which a scientific explanation can be based is called ___________________
empirical evidence
pseudo-science
theories
an hypothesis
Which is an example of a model?
the globe of Mars
paper
an olive
your textbook
Unprotected exposure to the sun’s rays is a factor in the development of skin cancer. Which of the following is an example of empirical evidence that supports this hypothesis?
a model of a skin cell showing where DNA is in the cell
a skin cancer survivor’s recollection that he had a bad sunburn as a child
data demonstrating a relationship between amount of sun exposure and incidences of skin cancer
an advertisement for a sun block product that claims it protects skin for ultraviolet rays
Experimental results that don't agree with your hypothesis should be...
thrown away.
modified to make sure you appeared to be right all along.
Covered in your lab report and if possible, offer a reason for the results.
made secret.
In science, all claims must be...
tested using many experiments before being accepted by the community.
accepted to be true because they are popular.
written by famous scientists.
randomly generated.
The theory of a sun centered solar system and the theory of evolution caused similar negative reactions when first proposed. Which of the following led to them becoming a scientific theory?
Evidence to support both theories were discovered and that consistently supported them
There was no evidence for either theory
Both theories were proposed by more than one scientist
Both theories were tested in a laboratory and results were consistently supported
In 1912, Alfred Wegener proposed the idea of continental drift. The idea was that Earth's continents were once one single landmass that broke apart and separated over time. Most scientists of the time rejected the idea but today, it is now widely accepted by scientists. Which of the following explains how it became accepted?
More information was discovered about the rock cycle by a scientist studying rock formation
One scientist found evidence of a pattern in layered rock deposits
Scientists believe all natural processes had to occur everywhere on Earth in the same way
Scientists repeatedly found evidence of the sea floor spreading in ocean ridges
Scientific knowledge results from the interaction of scientists who are investigating natural phenomena. Which of these best describes how a scientific explanation becomes widely accepted?
A hypothesis is tested repeatedly and the results are debated
A hypothesis is debated by the scientific community
A hypothesis is tested repeatedly and the results are partially supported by the scientific evidence
A hypothesis is tested repeatedly and the results are confirmed with evidence and debated by the scientific community
Which of the following will have the greatest impact on the validity of the results of a scientific investigation?
Having multiple other scientists repeat the experiment with the same procedures
Ensuring that ALL test variables are carefully controlled
Repeating the experiment with the same exact procedure
Having two dependent variables
