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Earth Science: Geological processes that shape the Earth

Total questions: 56

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Earthquakes and volcanoes are most likely found in which locations? 
a)
at plate boundaries
b)
in oceans
c)
in the middle of continents
d)
in the middle of plates
2.
Transform boundaries are most likely to produce what phenomenon?
a)
volcanoes
b)
deep sea trenches
c)
underwater mountain ranges
d)
earthquakes
3.
When an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide, which one will subduct? 
a)
oceanic
b)
continental
c)
neither
d)
both
4.
Two tectonic plates collide at a ___ plate boundary.
a)
convergent
b)
divergent
c)
transform
d)
transformer
5.
What is Pangaea?
a)
the name of a German scientist
b)
the name of the super-continent that existed millions of years ago
c)
another name for continental drift
d)
the name of an ancient fossil
6.
A place where two plates slide past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a
a)
transform boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
convergent boundary
d)
rift valley
7.
A rift valley forms at a 
a)
convergent plate boundary
b)
divergent plate boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
deep ocean trench
8.
What land form is created when an oceanic plate is subducted beneath a continental plate?
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
rift valley
c)
trench
d)
volcanic island arc
9.

The place where an earthquake originates inside the Earth's surface is called...

a)

Epicenter

b)

Focus

c)

Underground

d)

Crust

10.

The place on the Earth's surface, above the origin of the earthquake.

a)

Epicenter

b)

Focus

c)

Surface

d)

Crust

11.

What is the instrument used to measure earthquakes?

a)

Seismograph

b)

Seismologist

c)

Scale

d)

Seismogram

12.

Which seismogram represents a city that is far from the epicenter of an earthquake?

a)

New York, NY

b)

Nome, Alaska

c)

Guadalajara, Mexico

13.

Which wave is the most destructive?

a)

Secondary Wave

b)

Primary Wave

c)

Surface Wave

d)

Ocean Wave

14.

5. Which type of wave travels the fastest?

a)

Primary Wave

b)

Secondary Wave

c)

Surface Wave

d)

Tertiary Wave

15.

This is created by earthquakes that occur on the ocean floor.

a)

longshore current

b)

gulf stream

c)

tsunamis

d)

high tide

16.

What scale determines the amount of damage an earthquake causes?

a)

Richter scale

b)

Mercalli scale

c)

Moment magnitude scale

d)

seismographic scale

17.

S-waves can move through which of the following?

a)

Gas

b)

Liquid

c)

Solid

d)

All of these

18.

Which wave can travel through all materials?

a)

P - primary

b)

S - secondary

c)

L - Love

d)

R - Rayleigh

19.

Liquefaction is when...

a)

the soil behaves like liquid

b)

the air behaves like a liquid

c)

magma rises to the surface

d)

a large wave of water occurs

20.

Measures the magnitude or size, of an Earthquake

a)

epicenter

b)

focus

c)

Richter scale

d)

Mercalli Scale

21.

What is the measure of the amount of energy released in an earthquake?

a)

Intensity

b)

Epicenter

c)

Magnitude

d)

Seismogram

22.

How do scientists know that the outer core is a liquid?

a)

P waves do not travel through the outer core but S waves do.

b)

S waves do not travel through the outer core but P waves do.

c)

P waves and S waves do not travel through the outer core.

d)

P waves and S waves travel through the outer core.

23.

What type of evidence was used by Alfred Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis? (Select 3)

a)

evidence from landforms / geology

b)

evidence from fossils

c)

evidence from human remains

d)

evidence from climate

24.
What causes tectonic plates to move along the Earth's surface?
a)
wind
b)
ocean currents
c)
convection in the mantle
d)
expansion of the Earth
25.
What forms at a divergent boundary between two oceanic plates?
a)
rift valley
b)
mountain
c)
mid-ocean ridge
d)
trench
26.
Which type of crust is more dense?
a)
oceanic
b)
continental
c)
divergent
d)
pizza
27.
What type of boundary occurs when two plates move toward each other?
a)
convergent
b)
divergent
c)
transform
d)
lateral
28.
What is the process in which hot molten rock rises, then cools and sinks back to the core?
a)
plate tectonics
b)
continental drift
c)
convection
d)
divergence
29.
What type of boundary is shown at A?
a)
transform
b)
convergent
c)
divergent
d)
subduction
30.
What is happening at point B?
a)
subduction
b)
a divergent boundary
c)
convection
d)
an earthquake
31.
A plate boundary at which two plate move parallel to each other in opposite directions
a)
convergent plate boundary
b)
divergent plate boundary
c)
transform plate boundary
d)
subduction
32.
What type of boundary is in this image?
a)
convergent plate boundary
b)
divergent plate boundary
c)
transform plate boundary
d)
subduction
33.
What type of boundary is in this image?
a)
convergent plate boundary
b)
divergent plate boundary
c)
transform plate boundary
d)
subduction
34.
The name given to particles produced in volcanic eruptions is
a)
lahar
b)
pyroclastic material
c)
ash
d)
lapilli
35.
All of the following would contribute to viscous lava EXCEPT ___
a)
increased temperature
b)
increased amounts of dissolved gases
c)
increased amounts of silica
d)
decreased temperature
36.
Whether a volcano erupts quietly or violently depends on all of the following EXCEPT ___
a)
composition of magma
b)
temperature of magma
c)
depth of magma
d)
dissolved gases in magma
37.
Where do most volcanoes occur?
a)
hot spots
b)
Pacific Ring of Fire
c)
divergent plate boundaries
d)
high latitudes
38.
Which type of volcano is made up of mostly silica-rich magma?
a)
cinder cone
b)
composite cone
c)
shield cone
d)
none of the volcanoes have silica-rich magma
39.
___ volcanoes usually only erupt once, then the magma solidifies in the magma chamber.
a)
Cinder cone
b)
Composite cone
c)
Shield cone
d)
active
40.
If a volcano's magma is high in silicia, the volcano will probably
a)
erupt quietly
b)
remain dormant
c)
erupt explosively
d)
produce dark color lava
41.
Highly explosive volcanoes tend to have what type of magma?
a)
magma with high silica, high viscosity, and higher gas content
b)
magma with low silica, low viscosity, and lower gas content
c)
magma with low silica, high viscosity, and lower gas content
d)
magma with no silica, high viscosity, and no gas content
42.
How thick something is or the ability of a fluid or liquid to flow is its 
a)
viscosity
b)
density
c)
velocity 
d)
flowability 
43.
Which type of volcano has the widest base?
a)
Cinder Cone
b)
Composite
c)
Shield
44.
Hotspots are found ___.
a)
at divergent boundaries
b)
at convergent boundaries
c)
at transform boundaries
d)
within a plate (intraplate)
45.
What type of volcano is made of lava fragments that have been ejected from a volcanic vent?
a)
Caldera
b)
Cinder Cone
c)
Composite Volcano
d)
Shield Volcano
46.
The outermost layer of the earth is about 3 to 30 miles thick. It is called the
a)
mantle
b)
crust
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
47.
HUGE slabs of rock called __________ float on molten rock below.
a)
plates
b)
mountains
c)
mid-ocean ridges
d)
mantle
48.
When magma is cooled and solidified it becomes what type of rock?
a)
igneous
b)
metamorphic
c)
sedimentary
d)
conglomerate
49.
Which mountains are commonly formed along continent-continent convergent boundaries?
a)
Volcanic Mountains
b)
Folded Mountains
c)
Fault Block Mountains
50.
forms when a large piece of Earth's crust are tilted. uplifted, or dropped between large faults
a)
fault-block mountains
b)
uplifted mountains
c)
single volcanic peaks
d)
Basin and Range Province
51.
The tallest mountains on Earth are formed by _______________.
a)
oceanic to continental convergence
b)
ocean to ocean convergence
c)
continental to continental convergence
d)
hot spots
52.
What type of mountain results from oceanic to oceanic convergence?
a)
spreading ridges
b)
uplifted mountains
c)
volcanic island arcs
d)
super volcano
53.
What type of boundary is shown at A?
a)
transform
b)
convergent
c)
divergent
d)
subduction
54.

Honey is

a)

high viscosity

b)

low viscosity

55.

water is

a)

low viscosity

b)

high viscosity

56.

What provides the force that causes a volcano to become explosive?

a)

dissolved gases trapped in magma

b)

extreme heat

c)

low viscosity

d)

fluid flow

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