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WorksheetsMI 1.1.3 DNA Sequencing
Total questions: 14
Worksheet time: 16mins
Which of the following base pairs is matched correctly?
Guanine and Thymine
Cytosine and Adenine
Adenine and Thymine
Thymine and Cytosine
Which of the following statements are true about DNA structure?
The DNA backbone ("sides of the ladder") is made up of sugars and phosphates.
The sugars and phosphates make up the unique code of each gene.
The DNA backbone is the same for every person.
Bases and sugars pair together to form the "rungs" of the DNA ladder.
The sequence of bases is unique for each person.
What is the purpose of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in the process of sequencing DNA?
To separate DNA fragments by size
To synthesize copies of template DNA
To change the structure of template DNA
To terminate the elongation of a DNA strand
During PCR, what happens during the Denaturation step?
DNA strands are separated according to size using gel electrophoresis.
Primers form base pairs with the single-stranded template DNA.
DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to the primer to elongate the new strand.
Hydrogen bonds between bases are broken using high heat to separate DNA strands.
During which PCR step do primers form complementary base pairs with single-stranded template DNA?
Denaturation
Annealing
Extension
Synthesis
Which part of Sanger (Cycle) Sequencing is NOT found in regular Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?
DNA polymerase
Primers
Deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs)
Dideoxyribonucleotides (ddNTPs)
DNA template
How are deoxyribonucleotides different from dideoxyribonucleotides? Choose all that apply.
Deoxyribonucleotides are used in both PCR and Cycle Sequencing.
Dideoxyribonucleotides are missing an OH group compared to deoxyribonucleotides.
You cannot add new nucleotides to a deoxyribonucleotide.
Deoxyribonucleotides are NOT found in natural living cells.
Dideoxyribonucleotides are labeled with fluorescent tags.
How is DNA synthesis in PCR and Cycle Sequencing the SAME?
Both require DNA polymerase.
Both require primers.
Both require deoxynucleotides (dNTPs).
Both require dideoxynucleotides (dNTPs).
Both generate new DNA products of equal length.
How is DNA synthesis in PCR and Cycle Sequencing DIFFERENT?
Only PCR uses deoxynucleotides.
Cycle Sequencing generates DNA products of different lengths.
Only PCR analyzes DNA products using gel electrophoresis.
Only Cycle Sequencing uses dideoxynucleotides.
DNA has a ___________ charge and will migrate through a gel towards the ___________ electrode.
positive, negative
positive, positive
negative, positive
negative, negative
Larger DNA fragments move through a gel _____________ smaller DNA fragments.
faster than
at the same rate as
slower than
What do dideoxynucleotides do when added to a growing DNA strand during Cycle Sequencing?
They stop the elongation of that strand.
That double the length of that strand.
They shorten the length of the strand.
They denature the strand.
Place the steps of DNA Sequencing below into their correct order.
A. Detection of fluorescence w/ lasers & sensors
B. PCR w/ fluorescent dideoxynucleotides
C. Separate DNA by size w/ gel electrophoresis
D. Match DNA sequence using BLAST database
A, B, C, D
B, C, A, D
B, A, C, D
D, B, C, A
Write the correct sequence that matches this chromatogram.
(a)
