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Cardiac/Hemodynamics

Total questions: 30

Worksheet time: 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

List two things that you have learned about the cardiac patient, cardiac diseases, or cardiac nursing care?

4 lines
2.

Which one of these is NOT a determinant of cardiac output?

a)

Preload

b)

Afterload

c)

Body surface area (BSA)

d)

Heart rate

e)

Contractility

3.

All of the following decrease afterload EXCEPT

a)

Nitroprusside (Nipride)

b)

Clevidipine (Cleviprex)

c)

Hydralazine (Apresoline)

d)

Milrinone (Primacor)

e)

Norepinephrine (Levophed)

4.

Which one of these is NOT a determinant of cardiac output?

a)

Preload

b)

Afterload

c)

Body surface area (BSA)

d)

Heart rate

e)

Contractility

5.

Name one cause of heart failure.

4 lines
6.

Which side usually weakens first in heart failure?

a)

right side

b)

left side

c)

both sides weaken at the same time

7.

What are some nursing interventions for heart failure?

a)

High fowlers position

b)

Fluid restrictions

c)

High sodium diet

d)

Oxygen

8.

On examination a patient presents with hepatosplenomegaly, dependent, pitting edema and JVD. What type of heart failure do you suspect they have?

a)

Left sided

b)

Right sided

9.

On examination a patient presents with a frequent, new cough, bibasilar crackles and a S3 sound. What type of heart failure do you suspect they have?

a)

Left sided

b)

Right sided

10.

The nurse is assessing a patient with right- sided heart failure. Which assessment findings does the nurse expect to see in this patient?

a)

Dependent edema

b)

Weight loss

c)

Jugular venous distention

d)

Hypotension

e)

Hepatomegaly

11.

Which of the following is the load against which the ventricle has to pump?

a)

Preload

b)

Afterload

c)

Contractility

d)

Stroke volume

12.

Which of the following is the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole and immediately after atrial contraction and filling of the ventricle?

a)

Afterload

b)

Preload

c)

Contractility

d)

Mean Arterial Pressure

13.

The nurse is caring for a newly admitted client with a diagnosis of restrictive cardiomyopathy. When planning the client’s care, which would be one of the priority problems identified by the nurse?

a)

Activity intolerance r/t decreased cardiac output.

b)

Hopelessness r/t the possibility of not getting a heart transplant.

c)

Decreased cardiac output r/t cardiac inflammation.

d)

Knowledge deficit r/t antibiotic regime

14.

Valve replacement causes a greater risk for endocarditis. What will the nurse teach the client on discharge?

a)

Will no longer be unable to do physical activities.

b)

Must take prophylactics for dental and anything invasive.

c)

You will be on anticoagulants for life.

d)

You will have to take antibiotics for life.

15.

The nurse has just received report on assigned patients

in the cardiac step down unit. Which of the following

patients should be assessed first?

a)

The patient 2 days status post CABG surgery

complaining of 7/10 pain

b)

The patient scheduled for surgical procedure

immediately after report

c)

The patient complaining of new onset chest pain

d)

The patient on falls precautions setting off the bed

Alarm

16.

Which of the following conditions occurs most commonly with cardiomyopathies?

a)

Pericardial effusion

b)

Heart failure

c)

Diabetes

d)

Myocardial infarction

17.

Upon physical assessment of a patient diagnosed with pericarditis, the nurse anticipates what type of heart sound?

a)

Pericardial friction rub

b)

Diastolic murmur

c)

S3 or S4

d)

Pleural friction rub

18.

Calculate the cardiac output of a person who has a stroke volume of 75cm3and an average heart rate of 80 bpm

(a)  

19.

A client is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) 1mg by mouth QID. The client states that the objects in his room have a yellowish tinge and he is nauseated. Select the most appropriate nursing action at this time.

a)

Hold the medication and count the apical pulse before the next dose is to be given.

b)

Count the apical pulse; if it is regular and above 60, administer the drug as ordered.

c)

Administer the medication and observe the client for further nausea.

d)

Hold the drug and call the health care provider

20.

A nurse is reviewing the morning laboratory results while preparing to administer a client their dose of digoxin (Lanoxin). Which result would the nurse need to report to the primary care provider?

a)

Digoxin level of 0.5 ng/ml

b)

Calcium level of 11mg/dl

c)

Potassium level of 3.4 mEq/l

d)

Sodium level of 133 mEq/l

21.

A client with a recent myocardial infarction is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin). Which of the following findings indicate to the nurse that a therapeutic response to this medication has been attained?

a)

. A decrease in pulmonary crackles.

b)

A rise in central venous pressure.

c)

A decrease in urinary output.

d)

An increase in apical pulse rate.

22.
When caring for a patient after cardiac catheterization with coronary angiography, which of the following findings would be of most concern to the nurse?
a)
swelling at the catheter insertion site
b)
development of raised wheals on the patient trunk
c)
Absence of pulses distal to the catheter insertion site
d)
Patient states pain at the insertion site as 4 out of 10
23.
The nurse assesses the patient with chronic bi-ventricular heart failure for paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea by questioning the patient regarding:
a)
frequent awaking to void during the night.
b)
the presence of a dry hacking cough with exertion.
c)
The presence of difficulty breathing when lying flat.
d)
episodes of coughing and asphyxia while asleep.
24.
A patient with chronic heart failure has atrial fibrillation and an LV ejection fraction of 18%. To decrease the risk of complications from these conditions, the nurse anticipates the administration of
a)
diuretics.
b)
anticoagulants.
c)
Beta-adrenergic blockers.
d)
potassium supplements.
25.
A patient with heart failure has tachypnea, severe dyspnea, and an SpO2 of 84%. The nurse identifies a nursing diagnosis of impaired gas exchange related to increased preload and mechanical failure.  An appropriate nursing intervention for this diagnosis is
a)
assist the patient to cough and deep breathe q2hr.
b)
assess intake and output q 8 hr and weigh the patient daily
c)
encourage rest periods to reduce cardiac workload
d)
Place the client in high Fowler's position and feet dangling
26.
The nurse determines that additional discharge teaching is needed when the patient with chronic heart failure says,
a)
"I will call the doctor if I have vomiting while on digoxin"
b)
"I will take my pulse every day and call the clinic if it is irregular or less than 50."
c)
"I will move my bedroom down stairs."
d)
"I will weigh myself every day and diet if I gain > 2-3 lbs.
27.

Chest pain that occurs even while at rest or without apparent reason.

a)

MI

b)

STEMI

c)

Ischemia

d)

Unstable Angina

28.

Frequently used for pain from myocardial infarction (MI).

a)

Morphine

b)

Heparin

c)

Atropine

d)

Epinephrine

29.

Comes in pills to be swallowed, chewable tablets and as a topical application (cream).

a)

Beta Blockers

b)

ACE Inhibitors

c)

Vasodilators

d)

Anticoagulants

30.

Slows heart rate and decreases high blood pressure.

Side Effects: Bradycardia, Lethargy, Low Blood Pressure, & Depression

a)

ACE Inhibitor

b)

Anticoagulants

c)

Beta Blockers

d)

Diuretics

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