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WorksheetsFinal N2O Exam
Total questions: 84
Worksheet time: 1hrs 3mins
Which of the following does not apply to "Direct Supervision"?
Dentist is physically present in the office
Dentist is continuously aware of the patient’s physical status and well-being.
Shall be maintained during the induction phase
Must be maintained during the patient's entire treatment
Who shall induce the N2O?
The dentist during direct supervision
The dentist during personal supervision
The assistant during direct supervision
The assistant during personal supervision
Which of the following means the diminution or production of increased tolerance to pain in a conscious patient?
Sedation
Analgesia
Anesthetic
Inhalation
In addition to the dentist, who should be present during the administration of N2O?
at least one member of the assistant staff
parent
another dentist
parent and assistant
Which does NOT define must/shall?
Indicates an imperative need and/or duty
an essential or indispensable item
mandatory
optional duty
What is personal supervision?
Dentist shall be physically present in the room with the patient at all times during the induction and termination of nitrous oxide.
Dentist is physically present in the office and continuously aware of the patient’s physical status and well-being.
Dentist is physically present in the office while the assistant initiates the N2O.
Dentist is physically present in the operatory/room while the assistant initiates the N2O.
Enteral conscious sedation is medication via the ___________________.
Mouth
Intestinal Tract
Vein
Artery
What does NOT have to be documented for N2O?
Pre-operative baseline vitals
Individuals present during administration
Start and finish times of the inhalation agent.
The manufacturer of N2O
Who can the dentist delegate to supervise N2O?
The receptionist
The parent
The intern assistant
Certified dental auxiliary
What are two things that must be done before administering N2O?
Advise patient, parent or guardian of risks associated
Baseline vitals must be obtained
Show patient instructional video
Document maximum concentration administered
True or false? A congenital condition may exist called Choanal Atresia, which is a blockage of the posterior openings of the nasal cavity.
True
False
_______________________________ is created by the left ventricular contraction and influenced by vascular factors. This is the “working heart” number.
Diastolic Pressure
Blood Pressure
Systolic Pressure
Pulse Pressure
__________________________________ is controlled by the compliance or resistance of the vascular system. This is the “heart at rest” number.
Diastolic Pressure
Systolic Pressure
Pulse Pressure
Blood Pressure
_______ / _______ is normal blood pressure
<120/<80
120-129/80
130-139/80-89
140/90
_______ / _______ is high blood pressure
<120/<80
110-120/80
120/80
>120/>80
What size(s) are the tanks for the portable system? (Pick all that apply)
E
C
G
H
What size(s) are the tanks for the central system? (Pick all that apply)
C
E
G
H
What size(s) are the tanks for the combined system? (Pick all that apply)
E
C
G
H
The ____________________________ is the primary respiratory muscle.
Diaphragm
Intercostal cartilage
Nasopharynx
Esophogus
What are the three phases of N2O Delivery?
Induction
Maintenance
Recovery
Monitoring
What does it mean to “monitor” a patient receiving N2O?
Watch the patient virtually after sedation
watch the patient for signs of addiction
watch patient treatment results
check for information and its significance to warn of faults or failings
Majority of gas is exhaled from the body within _______________ after its termination
15 minutes
3-5 minutes
5-15 minutes
3-5 hours
From infancy until age 10, the heartrate decreases from an average of ___________ to ___________ beats per minute.
180 to 20
90 to 100
90 to 120
120 to 90
The average adult heart rate is _____________________ beats per minute.
90-120
60-80
80-120
100-120
Which of the following is not a minor complication of N2O?
Excessive perspiration
Shivering
Altered sensation
Pulmonary aspiration
Which of the following is not a major complication of N2O?
Nausea
Hypoxia
Increased expectoration
Hyperventilation
Which is true about nasea and vomiting
Females are 2-4 times more likely to experience
length of sedation does not affect
It is ok to often change the amount of nitrous given
Can be prevented by moving the patient often
What should you not do if your patient shows signs that they may vomit?
Turn up the N20
Remove the nasal hood
notify dentist
Use HVE to aspirate the vomit
Choking on your own vomit is considered?
Minor complication
normal
to happen often
Pulmonary aspiration
The classic triad signs of pulmonary aspiration are:
Bradyycardia, tachypnea, cyanosis
Tachycardia, tachypnea, cyanosis
Tachycardia, dyspnea, cyanosis
Tachycardia, tachypnea, solomnence
Why is pulmonary aspiration so dangerous?
is can scare the patient
it can mess up the dental procedure
it can cause an infection in the lungs
Gastric acid has high acidity
General anesthesia may occur when N2O is over ___________%.
30
25
50
45
For inhalation agents, potency is measured by ______________________________ required to prevent movement in 50% of patients.
MAC (Minimum Alveolar Concentration)
MPC (Minimum Pulmonary Concentration)
MAC (Maximum Alveolar Concentration)
MPC (Maximum Pulmonary Concentration)
Which is not a symptom of hypoxia?
Heaache
Loss of appetite
Nausea
Lethargy
True or false? N2O is the most potent of all currently utilized inhalation agents, making it the best option for dental use.
True
False
The course and exam taken for Nitrous Oxide are valid for _______ years for certification purposes.
5
1
3
7
The concentration of Oxygen should never fall below _______________.
30%
50%
70%
100%
What does hypoxia mean?
Low oxygen levels
High oxygen levels
Low N2O levels
High N2O levels
___________________________ is a result of excessive unoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood, a late symptom of tissue hypoxia.
Hypoxia
Lethargy
Hyperventilation
Cyanosis
The purpose of the scavenging system is to
mix the gases
decrease the amount of gas released into the op
remove bacteria from the air the patient breathes
measure the gas given to the patient
___________________________________________ is the amount of air normally inspired or expired. It is simply a normal breath of air.
Tidal Volume (500 ml)
Tidal volume (5800ml)
Total Lung Capacity (500ml)
Total Lung Capacity (5800ml)
It is recommended that patients taking ____________________ are not placed on N20. This is a type of antibiotic used in cancer chemotherapy.
Buspirone
Budesonide
Bleomycin
Buspar
The induction phase, recovery phase and any adverse reactions require __________________ supervision.
direct
monitor's
quick
personal
You may only monitor the _________________ phase with direct supervision.
induction
recovery
maintenance
adverse
If unconsciousness occurs, correct immediately by
getting the dentist
calling 911
reducing or terminating N2O
asking the patient to verbally respond
Inhalation sedation should only occur in ______________________
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
In a healthy patient, when should vital signs be taken?
Before treatment
After treatment
Before and after treatment
Every 6 months
Which of the following does not apply to a scenario with an adverse reaction?
Personal supervion
Direct supervision
reduce N2O
Take vital signs
Which is not a sign of over sedation?
Inability to keep mouth open
Analgesia
Slurred speech
Uncooperative patient
Tissue hypoxia could lead to ________________.
pleasant dreams
death
analgesia
increased excitation
If you see symptoms of hypoxia, you should prevent by administering _______________ for _________________.
N2O, 3-5 minutes
oxygen, 15 minutes
N2O, 15 minutes
oxygen, 3-5 minutes
What is the difference between Subjective and Objective symptoms?
Subjective are observable. Objective are false
Subjective are false. Objective are observable
Subjective are reported by the patient. Objective are observable/measureable.
Subjective are observeable/measureable. Objective are reported by the patient.
The ___________ contains the adenoid lymphatic tissue and enlargement may obstruct the airway.
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
larynx
nasopharynx
The _____________ is activated if the oxygen concentration drops below a set amount.
regulator
diameter index
pin index
oxygen monitor-alarm
Nitrous Oxide is stored as gas and liquid; the pressure of the gas remains at __________ until the majority of the liquid is gone
2000-2200 psi
750 psi
30 psi
3 psi
The color code for Oxygen is _______________.
Orange
Blue
Yellow
Green
The color for Nitrous is _________________.
Blue
Orange
Yellow
Green
What is the purpose of the diameter index and the pin index?
to even gas flow during various respiratory demands to prevent wide swings in gas concentrations
Shuts everything down if there is no Oxygen flowing
Mechanism to assist or control respiration by delivery of positive pressure oxygen
to prevent cross-attachment of designated regulators
What facial delivery apparatus is most commonly used in dentistry?
Complete face mask
Partial face mask
Nasal hood
Nasal prong cannula
Oxygen and Nitrous Oxide are not ____________________, but they support combustion.
Gases
natural gases
flammable
explosives
Gas flow is indicated by reading the _________ of the “ball” and the ________ of the “rotameter”.
center, top
top, center
top, top
center, center
True or false? The dentist is responsible that all his employees are aware of the safety features of their delivery equipment.
True
False
_______ canisters of oxygen are delivered for every ________ canister of nitrous oxide.
1, 3
2, 5
5, 2
3, 1
The Central Storage System is connected to the Op using ____________ tubing.
Copper
Nickel
Stainless steel
Bronze
NIOSH guidelines accepted level of nitrous oxide in the dental operatory should not exceed _______________________.
30%
50%
35ppm
25ppm
In order to prevent hypoxia, do not allow the oxygen concentration to ever go below _____________% (preferably ______________%).
30, 50
50, 100
25, 30
30, 100
What is dyspnea?
No breathing
Low oxygen
Fast breathing
Difficulty breathing
It is recommended to always use a __________________________ for “air mixing”.
pin index
diameter index
scavenging system
fan
What is the pressure-volume effect?
Measurement when the heart relaxes
Heart beat and pulse rate occurs at regular interval.
Occurs if eustachian tubes are blocked; the increase in pressure within the closed air space in the middle ear doesn't vent
Pulse is weak or thready.
If “air mixing” is utilized, N2O levels drop to _________________ ppm.
35
14
30
24
What is the purpose of the scavenging system?
Purpose is to even gas flow during various respiratory demands.
Device that fits over nasal hood and decreases amount of gas released into operatory.
Device that fits on top of gas cylinder and regulates the flow into copper tubing.
Safety feature that shuts everything down if there is no oxygen flowing.
Which are signs of over sedation? Pick all that apply
inability to keep mouth open
analgesia
slurred speech
uncoordinated muscular movement
What is tachypnea?
Deficiency of oxygen reaching the tissues of the body
shortness of breath; difficulty breathing
Abnormally fast breathing
loss of consciousness
Severe symptoms of hypoxia for the respiratory system
Tachypnea and Dyspnea
Bradypnea and dyspnea
Tachypnea and Bradypnea
Tachypnea and Tachycardia
Severe symptoms of hypoxia for skin color/appearance
Paleness
Pallor
Cyanosis
Jaundice
Severe symptoms of hypoxia for the cardiovascular system
Bradycardia
Hypertension
Tachypnea
Tachycardia
Severe symptoms of hypoxia for the Neurological system
Restlessness
Disorientation
Headaches
Somnolence
A congenital condition may exist called __________________________, which is a blockage of the posterior openings of the nasal cavity. Any blockage could alter amount of sedation reaching patient.
Epiglottis
Choanal Atresia
Oropharyngeal obstruction
Oropharynx
_____________________ acts as valve over the conductive airway by closing during swallowing, thus preventing food, liquid or foreign objects from entering the airway.
Epiglottis
Larynx
Choanal Atresia
Oropharynx
The trachea is ___________ long
5.5 inches
4 inches
5 inches
4.5 inches
Because of the angle of the right mainstem bronchus, aspirated material more frequesntly enters the ____________.
right lung
left lung
broncioles
chest
The purpose of the scaveging system is to
decrease the amount of gas released into the operatory.
Measure the gas given to patient
Sound an alarm when oxygen is low
Seperate N2O and oxygen
The size on the tanks used for the portable system
H
G
E
G and H
Which applies to Personal supervision
The dentist is not in the op but is aware of the patient
Can be assigned to a certified assistant
Can only be the dentist
Is not needed during the recovery phase
