Created by specialized cells which produce the pigment called melanin.

Consists of several layers the topmost layer consists of dead cells that shed periodically and is progressively replaced by cells formed from the basal layer

Found just under the squamous cells, at the base of the epidermis.

Are cells that manufacture and stores the protein keratin.

An intracellular fibrous protein that gives hair, nails, and skin their hardness and water resistant properties.

Stratum Basale is also called:

Deepest epidermal layer and attaches the epidermis to the basal lamina, below which lie the layers of the dermis.

Intertwining collagen fibers

A finger-like projection, or fold; found in the superficial portion of the dermis.

Spiny in appearance due to protruding cell processes that join the cells via a structure called desmosome. 8-10 layers of keratinocytes.

Accumulates as lamellar granules within the cells.

A smooth, seemingly translucent layer of the epidermis located just above the stratum granulosum and below the stratum corneum.

The most superficial layer of the epidermis and is the layer exposed to the outside environment. 15-30 layers of cells.

Also known as cornification

The core of the integumentary system.

Connective Tissues that make up the dermis

Made up of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and elastin fibers of this layer form a loose mesh. Form finger-like dermal papillae.

Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense irregular connective tissue. Well vascularized and has a rich sensory and sympathetic nerve supply.

Other term for subcutaneous layer:

A layer directly below the dermis and serves to connect the skin to the underlying fascia of the bones and muscles.

Fat storing cells. Serve as energy reserve, insulate the body to prevent heat loss, and act as a cushion to protect underlying structures from trauma.

The most common form of melanin. Exists as black and brown.

Provides a red color.