British soldiers wearing red uniforms

the Virginian who commanded the Continental army

a Frenchman who volunteered to serve in the Continental Army without pay and used his money and influence to support the Patriots

an enslaved African who worked as a spy and provided

information that gave the Continental army an advantage at Yorktown

a Prussian military officer who trained the

Continental army

a Patriot leader who used hit-and-run attacks, known as guerilla warfare

the governor of Spanish Louisiana who became a Patriot

ally

naval commander who said, “I have not yet begun to fight!”

immigrant from Poland who spied for the Patriots and later used his skills as a banker to help fund the American Revolution

commander of 4,000 French troops that aided the

Patriot forces at the Battle of Yorktown

a great victory for the American forces in which British

general John Burgoyne surrendered his entire army to American general

Horatio Gates

battle won by the British but with double the losses of the

Patriots

the last major battle of the American Revolution

a battle won by the Patriots against Hessian mercenaries

shootings by British soldiers that killed five colonists

an act allowing a British company to sell cheap tea directly to the colonists

a protest in which colonists dressed as Native Americans and dumped over 340 tea chests from British ships into Boston Harbor

laws passed to punish colonists for the Boston Tea Party

of 1765 required colonists to pay for an official stamp when buying paper items

colonists who chose to fight for independence

members of the local militia who were ready to fight at a minute’s notice

colonists, sometimes called Tories, who remained loyal to Britain

foreign soldiers who fought not out of loyalty, but for pay

army created by the Second Continental Congress to carry out the fight against Britain

a surveyor who led the Patriots’ western campaign

author of Common Sense who wrote that citizens, not monarchs, should make laws

the main author of the Declaration of Independence

Boston leader who believed Parliament could not tax the colonists without their permission

writer in the Massachusetts colony who wrote plays that accused British leaders of being greedy

method of communication between towns and

colonies about how to challenge new British laws

meeting of delegates from 12 colonies in Philadelphia in May 1775

gathering of colonial leaders who were deeply troubled about the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies in America

Common Sense a 47-page pamphlet that argued against British rule over America

the document that formally announced the colonies’ break from Great Britain

the peace agreement in which Great Britain recognized the independence of the United States