WorksheetsChapter 3: Physical Evidence Review
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 2hrs 0mins
Evidence with with individual characteristics can lead to a determination of common origin (single source). Which type of evidence CAN NOT yeild such results.
fingerprints
single-layer paints
DNA
wear patterns on tires
random striations on tools
The likelihood of finding class physical evidence is __________ the likelihood of finding physical evidence with individual characteristics.
same as
greater than
less than
Physical Evidence is considered to have _________ as that of eyewitness (testimonial) evidence.
greater value
the same value
less value
The corroborative use of physical evidence means tht it can be used to
provide a lead to give the investigation direction.
rule out a particular suspect.
support other investigative findings.
establish a definite identity.
bolster eyewitness testimony.
Physical evidence can be used to exonerate or exclude a person from suspicion if:
it is collected in accordance with the 4th Amendment.
it does not ahve a well-documented chain of custody.
evidence taken from suspect is obtained voluntarily.
the standard reference sample (control) does not share characteristics with evidence at the crime scene.
he or she has not already confessed to the crime.
Forensic databases are maintained for all of the following except:
fingerprints
automotive paint
bullets
dental impressions
DNA
In what year did the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) become fully operational?
1991
1999
2001
1998
1978
A component of the National Integrated Ballistics Information Network is called:
PDQ
IBIS
CODIS
PDQ and IBIS
PDQ and CODIS
When a forensic analyst determines the chemical composition of preparations that may contain illicit drugs such as heroin, cocaine, or barbiturates, this is an example of:
comparison
taxonomy
identification
classification
Individualization
The examination of a paint chip found on a hit-and-run victim’s garment side-by-side with paint removed from a vehicle suspected of being involved in the incident is an example of:
classification
individualization
comparison
identification
taxonomy
Evidence having class characteristics can:
link a person to a crime with a high degree of certainty.
have no evidential value.
always be fitted together in the manner of a jigsaw puzzle.
exonerate an innocent suspect.
none of the above.
If the laboratory can piece broken glass from a window or headlight together, then the evidence has ___________ characteristics.
identification
comparative
class
individual
none of the above
A comparison analysis subjects a suspect specimen and a control specimen to the same tests and examinations for the ultimate purpose of determining:
if they are identical in chemical composition.
whether or not they have a common origin.
if they are alike in molecular structure.
if the same person handled them.
all of the above.
Determining that an explosive mixture contains dynamite is an example of the process of:
class characterization
identification
individualization
comparison
none of the above.
The computerized database used to store DNA information is:
AFIS
NIBIN
Drugfire
CODIS
PDQ
To calculate the overall frequency of occurrence of a blood type in a population, the ___________ can be applied by using a series of blood factors that occur independently of each other.
multiplication table
tangent method
product rule
binomial multiple
Locard's exchange
The value of class physical evidence lies in its ability to:
state with certainty the identity of the perpetrator.
state wtih certainty the origin of the evidence.
determine the probablility of the occurance of an event.
determine the quality of forensic analyses carried out ont he evidence.
corroborate events with data in a manner nearly withot bias.
___________ is a national fingerprint and criminal history system maintained by the FBI and launched in 1999.
PDQ
NIBIN
AFIS
IAFIS
SICAR
Define one example of the difference between individual characteristics and class characteristics.
Explain the difference between the identification and comparison of physical evidence.
