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WorksheetsIB Bio HL 11.3 (Kidney Failure)
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 8mins
What does GFR indicate?
How well substances are reabsorbed by nephrons.
The proportion of urea removed from the blood.
How much blood passes through the kidneys each minute.
Whether there are leaks in the glomerulus
How can urine be used to diagnose diabetes?
There would be blood in the urine
There would be glucose in the urine
There would be proteins in the urine
There would be salt in the urine
If red blood cells are found in urine, this indicates a problem with...
The basement membrane in the glomerulus
The proximal convoluted tubule
The loop of Henle
The collecting duct
PKU is...
A bacterial disease resulting in inability to convert phenylalanine into other amino acids.
A genetic disease resulting in inability to produce phenylalanine.
When a healthy person excretes excess phenylalanine.
A genetic disease resulting in inability to convert phenylalanine into other amino acids.
Why would a person require hemodialysis?
Their blood contains too many toxins
Their kidneys are not functioning well enough to maintain health
Their liver is producing too much urea
Their kidneys have been damaged
What is a dialyzer?
A machine that pumps fluid into the blood
A machine through which blood and dialysis fluid are pumped, separated by a semi-permeable membrane
A machine that replaces 'dirty' blood with 'clean' blood
A machine that filters blood
Which correctly describes how a dialyzer works?
Waste is pumped out of the blood and into dialysis fluid.
Dialysis fluid is mixed with blood and then pumped back into the patient.
Blood is pumped into a machine, where it is enriched with oxygen and glucose.
Fluid is pumped through the machine and waste moves out of the blood into the fluid by diffusion.
How does a dialyzer ensure that only waste is removed from the blood stream?
Dialysis fluid does not contain urea.
Dialysis fluid contains nutrients at the same concentration as blood.
Dialysis fluid is pumped in the opposite direction to the blood, to maintain a concentration gradient.
Blood is separated from the dialysis fluid by a semi-permeable membrane.
How frequently is dialysis required?
Once a week
Three times a month
Once a day
Three times a week
How long does dialysis take?
4 hours
3 hours
2 hours
1 hour
If a person required dialysis for six months, how long would they spend having their blood cleaned?
76 hours / 3 days
104 hours / 4 days
312 hours / 13 days
720 hours / 30 days
For how long can a person remain dependent on dialysis?
Up to a year
Life
Up to 3 years
Up to 10 years
Which of the following are advantages of a kidney transplant, for someone with non-functioning kidneys?
Less time spent (weekly) on treatment
Suppression of the immune system to prevent rejection
Lower-risk procedure
Reduced dependency on machines
What is the most likely complication associated with kidney transplant?
Surgery risk
Post-operative infection
Finding a donor
Rejection by the immune system
What is the treatment for PKU?
Reduction in dietary intake of phenylalanine
Phenylalanine dietary supplements
Drugs that convert phenylalanine into urea
Kidney transplant
